Inganekwane kaMakhunik yenza umuntu acabange ngayo “Liliput City (Inkantolo yaseLilliput)” encwadini kaJonathan Swift eyaziwa kakhulu Ukuhamba kukaGulliver, noma iplanethi ehlala abantu baseHobbit evela kunoveli nefilimu ka-JRR Tolkien INkosi we Izindandatho.
Nokho, lokhu akulona iphupho. Kuyinto emangalisa kakhulu ukutholwa kwemivubukulo. IMakhunik iyindawo yokuhlala yase-Irani eneminyaka engu-5,000 etholwe eShahdad, esifundazweni saseKerman, lapho kuhlala khona abantu abambalwa. Ibizwa nge-Shahr-e Kotouleha (Idolobha Labantu Abancane).
Ngokusho kwe-Iran Daily: "Akekho owayecabanga ukuthi impucuko yasendulo ingaba khona kulolu gwadule kuze kube ngu-1946." Kodwa-ke, izitsha zobumba zavubukulwa eShahdad njengobufakazi bempucuko eyayikhona oGwadule LwaseLut kulandela izifundo ezenziwa yi-Geography Faculty yaseTehran University ngo-1946.
Uma kubhekwa ukubaluleka kwale nkinga, iqembu labavubukuli lavakashela lesi sifunda futhi lenza ucwaningo olwaholela ekutholakaleni kwempucuko yangaphambi komlando (ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yesi-4 ngaphambi kwenkulungwane yesi-3 kanye nokuqala kwenkulungwane yesi-XNUMX BC).
Phakathi kuka-1948 no-1956, le ndawo yayiyindawo yokucwaninga kwesayensi kanye nemivubukulo. Phakathi nezigaba eziyisishiyagalombili zokumba, amathuna asukela ekhulwini lesibili nelesithathu leminyaka BC, kanye nezithando zomlilo zethusi, kwembulwa. Kwambulwa izitsha eziningi zobumba nezinsimbi zethusi emathuneni kaShahdad.
Indawo engokomlando ye-Shahdad inweba amakhilomitha angama-60 phakathi nendawo yoGwadule LwaseLut. Amashabhu, izindawo zokuhlala, namathuna konke kuyingxenye yedolobha. Ucwaningo lwemivubukulo emkhakheni wezindawo zokuhlala zeDolobha lamaDwarfs lubonise ukuba khona kwezigodi ezihlala abacwebi bobucwebe, ama-artisan, nabalimi. Phakathi nezigaba zokumba, kwatholakala imingcwabo yasendulo engaba ngu-800.
Ucwaningo lwemivubukulo eCity of Dwarfs lukhombisa ukuthi izakhamizi zasuka kulesi sifunda eminyakeni engu-5,000 XNUMX edlule ngenxa yesomiso zangabe zisabuya. UMir-Abedin Kaboli, owengamele ukuvubukulwa kuka-Shahdad, uthe, “Ngemva kokumba kwakamuva, saphawula ukuthi izakhamuzi zaseShahdad zazishiye impahla yazo eminingi emakhaya futhi zimboze iminyango ngodaka.” Wathi futhi "lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi bebenethemba lokubuya ngelinye ilanga."
I-Kaboli ixhumanisa ukuhamba kwabantu baseShahdad nesomiso. Isakhiwo esixakile sezindawo zokuhlala, imizila, kanye nemishini eyembulwe esizeni iyingxenye ebalulekile yeShahdad.
Ama-dwarfs kuphela ayengasebenzisa izindonga, usilingi, iziko, amashalofu nazo zonke izinto zokusebenza. Amahemuhemu asabalele ngokutholwa kwamathambo e-dwarf ngemuva kokudalulwa kweDolobha Labantu Abancane eShahdad kanye nezinganekwane ezimayelana nabantu ababehlala lapho. Isibonelo sakamuva kakhulu sihlanganisa ukutholwa kwe-mummy enciphayo enesilinganiso esingu-25 cm ubude. Abashushumbisi bahlele ukuyithengisa eJalimane ngamarayeli ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-80.
Izindaba zokuboshwa kwabashushumbisi ababili nokutholakala komama ongaziwa zasabalala ngokushesha esifundazweni sase-Kerman. Ngemuva kwalokho, uMnyango Wezamagugu e-Kerman Cultural Heritage kanye nezikhulu zamaphoyisa zihlale phansi ukuze zicacise ngesimo sikamama okubikwa ukuthi ngesomuntu oneminyaka engu-17 ubudala.
Abanye abavubukuli baqaphile futhi bayaphika ukuthi idolobha laseMakhunik lake lahlalwa ama-dwarfs asendulo. "Njengoba izifundo ze-forensic zingakwazi ukucacisa ubulili besidumbu, asikwazi ukuthembela kubo ukuze sikhulume ngokuphakama nobudala bomzimba, futhi izifundo eziningi ze-anthropological zisadingeka ukuze sithole imininingwane mayelana nokutholakala," kusho uJavadi, umvubukuli weCultural Heritage and Tourism Organisation esifundazweni saseKerman.
“Ngisho kungena ubufakazi bokuthi isidumbu ngesomuntu omncane kodwa ngeke sikuqinisekise ukuthi indawo esitholwe kuyo esifundazweni iKerman bekuyidolobha lama-dwarfs. Lesi yisifunda esidala kakhulu, esingcwatshwe ngenxa yokushintsha kwendawo. Ngaphandle kwalokho ubuchwepheshe abuzange buthuthukiswe kangako ngaleso sikhathi ngakho abantu bebengakwazi ukwakha izindonga eziphakeme zezindlu zabo,” uyanezela.
“Mayelana neqiniso lokuthi asikho nesisodwa sezikhathi emlandweni wase-Iran, esike saba nezidumbu, akwamukelekile nakancane ukuthi lesi sidumbu sicwiliswe. Uma lesi sidumbu sitholakala singese-Iran, kungaba ngesomgunyathi. Ngenxa yamaminerali akhona enhlabathini yalesi sifunda, wonke amathambo alapha abolile futhi awekho amathambo aqinile atholakele kuze kube manje.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imivubukulo yeminyaka engama-38 edolobheni laseShahdad iphika noma yiliphi idolobha elincane esifundeni. Izindlu ezisele lapho izindonga zazo zingamasentimitha angu-80 ukuphakama ekuqaleni zazingamasentimitha angu-190. Ezinye izindonga ezisele ziphakeme ngamasentimitha angu-5, ngakho-ke kufanele sithi abantu ababehlala kulezi zindlu babengamasentimitha angu-5 ubude?” Kusho uMirabedin Kaboli, inhloko yokumba imivubukulo edolobheni laseShahdad.
Noma kunjalo, izinganekwane Zabantu Abancane Sekuyisikhathi eside beyingxenye yezinganekwane emiphakathini eminingi. Izinsalela zomzimba zabantu abancane ziye zatholwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nentshonalanga ye-United States, ikakhulukazi iMontana ne-Wyoming. Ngakho-ke, kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi lezi zinhlangano zingabi khona e-Iran yasendulo?
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ucwaningo endaweni lwathola ukuthi ngisho neminyaka embalwa edlule, abantu baseMakhunik babengavamile ukuphakama ngo-150 cm, kodwa manje sebelingana nosayizi ojwayelekile. Ingxenye enkulu yale ndawo yangaphambi komlando imbozwe ukungcola ngemva kokudlula kweminyaka engu-5,000 kusukela abancane basuka edolobheni, futhi ukufuduka kwabancane baka-Shahdad kuseyimpicabadala.
