Kwabanye, i-sistro isebenza njengendawo yokungena nokuphuma isuka kwenye indawo iye kwenye esetshenziswa onkulunkulu (izingosi), ngoba ibonakala eduze 'kweminyango yamanga' yamathempeli asendulo aseGibhithe. Lokhu kwaholela enkolelweni yokuthi le mpahla eyayigcinwe onkulunkulu baseGibhithe yayinamandla okuvula izingosi.
Enye yezinsimbi zomculo ezingcwele kunazo zonke eGibhithe lasendulo kwakuyi-sistro, engasetshenziswanga nje kuphela ukukhiqiza imiculo eyingqayizivele kodwa futhi nangezinjongo zenkolo. Kwakukholakala ukuthi inezinto zemilingo futhi yayingashweleza konkulunkulu abayingozi futhi ithuthukise isimo sezulu. Ake sibheke umlando nencazelo yale nsimbi eyingqayizivele.
I-sistro nokusetshenziswa kwayo eGibhithe lasendulo
Ekuqaleni, i-sistro yayiyithuluzi elalisetshenziswa onkulunkulu, liyabonakala ezandleni zonkulunkulukazi u-Isis noBastet, kodwa ikakhulukazi lixhunyaniswe noHathor obhekwe phakathi kwezinye izinto eziningi njengonkulunkulu wesibhakabhaka, owaziwa ngokuthi “intokazi wezinkanyezi ”kanye“ noMbusi ”wezinkanyezi“ ezixhunyaniswe nenkanyezi yaseSyria, kanye nommeleli wemvelaphi yonkulunkulu baseGibhithe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengensimbi yomlingo, i-sistro yayisetshenziswa ngokusemthethweni futhi unomphela ekukhulekeleni unkulunkulukazi uHathor, njengoba yayivusa injabulo, ubumnandi, inzalo, futhi ingunkulunkulukazi wokuvusa inkanuko nokudansa. Imidwebo kankulunkulukazi uHathor itholakale iphethe i-sistro engcwele.
Ngokunjalo, abaseGibhithe basebenzise i-sistro ukuvala uMfula iNayile futhi bazame ukuwuvimba ukuba ungagcwali amabhange awo futhi ubangele izikhukhula ezonakalisa umhlaba wezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bekukholelwa ukuthi umsindo okhishwa yile nsimbi uthusa uSeth, unkulunkulu wasogwadule, izivunguvungu, udlame kanye nokuphazamiseka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, unkulunkulukazi u-Isis endimeni yakhe njengomdali nomama wayemelwe ephethe ibhakede elalifanekisela izikhukhula zeNayile esandleni esisodwa kanti esinye sistro. Le nto yomculo ibibaluleke kakhulu kumasiko enkolo ayenziwa abazinikele eGibhithe.
I-sistro njengethuluzi lomculo
I-sistro iyinsimbi yomculo endala kakhulu, enesimo somnsalo noma isicathulo sehhashi, futhi iqukethe izingcwecwe zensimbi ezifakwe ezindondweni. Lapho unyakaziswa ngamandla, yenza umsindo ofana nomoya oheleza phakathi komhlanga we-papyrus. Yileyo ndlela abaseGibhithe namanye amasiko aseMpumalanga Ephakathi abakuchaza ngayo.
Igama elithi sistro livela egameni lesiGrikhi elithi sinio, elisho ukuzamazama. Ithuluzi lalibizwa ngegama elithi sixronron, igama elisho into enyakaziswayo. Njengethuluzi lokushaya lomndeni we-idiophone, lisesigabeni esifanayo nezinye izinsimbi ezaziwa kakhulu, njengezinsimbi, ama-castanets nama-maraca.
I-sistro nencazelo yayo engokomfanekiso
Enkulumweni yakhe ethi "On Isis and Osiris", isazi-mlando esingumGreki uPlutarch uqokomisa indima ebalulekile eyadlalwa yisistro enkolweni yaseGibhithe. Ayisetshenziswanga kuphela njengensimbi yomculo, kodwa futhi ibinencazelo ejulile futhi enamandla engokomfanekiso.
UPlutarch ukhombisa ukuthi ukuzamazama kwesistro ukukhiqiza umsindo kukhombisa iqiniso lokuthi zonke izinto ezikhona zidinga ukuzanyazanyiswa ukuze bavuke basebenze. Ukunyakaza kuyinto engasoze futhi engafanele iphazanyiswe ukuze izinto ziphume esimweni sozela futhi zikhule.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusebenzisa i-sistro, kwenziwa umzamo wokulawula nokushweleza kwamandla emvelo abhubhisayo. Kwakuyindlela futhi yokuthonya onkulunkulu, noma ngabe ukujabulisa, ukukhonza noma ukwethusa nokuxosha. Ngeke kube nesibindi sokusho ukuthi i-sistro yayiwuhlobo oluthile lwento yenkolo noma ngisho nentelezi.
Umsindo wensimbi nawo ubuthathwa njengokuvikela futhi ungokomfanekiso. Kwakuhlobene nesibusiso saphezulu nomqondo wokuzalwa kabusha, hhayi kuphela ngencazelo engokomfanekiso yomsindo wawo kodwa futhi nangokuma nokuhlobisa kwento eyakhiwe, exhunywe konkulunkulu.
I-sistro yaseGibhithe
Kuze kube manje, kungahlukaniswa izinhlobo ezimbili zale nsimbi yomkhosi, endala kunazo zonke okungenzeka ukuthi yi-'sistrum naos 'eyayinekhanda likaHathor futhi yafakwa ethempelini elincane noma ebhokisini elalakhiwe ngama-naos (ikamelo elingaphakathi lethempeli lokho kuhlala nesibalo sehlelo). Ikhanda likaHathor livame ukuvezwa emgqonyeni, kufaka phakathi izimpondo zezinkomo ekwakhiweni (uHathor uvame ukuchazwa njengonkulunkulukazi wenkomo).
Ngesikhathi samaGreki namaRoma, uhlobo lwesibili lwe-sistro lwathandwa. Eyaziwa ngokuthi i-sekhem noma i-sekham, le sistro yayinesakhiwo esilula esimise okwekhothamo, imvamisa sakhiwe ngensimbi. Isekhem lalibukeka njengehhashi elivaliwe elinesibambo eside, libonisa imigoqo yensimbi evulekile, ewele ngaphezulu kwekhanda likaHathor.
I-sistro iqukethe i-magnum nesakhiwo esiyindilinga esenziwe ngethusi, ithusi, ukhuni noma ubumba. Izindilinga ezincane zifakwa ezinsikeni ezihamba phambili, kuthi lapho insimbi ishwiba, ikhiphe umsindo ohlanganisa ukukhonona okukhulu nesigqi esithambile.
I-sistro eyayisetshenziswa eGibhithe lasendulo yayinomumo oyisisekelo ofana ne-ankh noma isiphambano saseGibhithe, futhi yaveza nobuso nezimpondo zenkomo. Ezimisweni eziningi zasendulo, abesifazane nabapristikazi abakhulu babonakala bephethe i-sistro.
Insimbi enezimpawu ezingaqondakali nezenkolo
Kubonakala ngobuningi bokuphrinta nemidwebo yangemuva kulo lonke elaseGibhithe. Ngaphakathi kwethempeli likaHathor, le artifact ingatholakala eduze kweLamp noma iBulb Dendera, emelwe kuma-sistros amane abonakala ekhombisa ukuthi ahlobene namandla, ukudlidliza nolunye uhlobo lobuchwepheshe bamadlozi.
Ezinye izincazelo ezingajwayelekile zize zihlobanise i-sistro nokungena nokuphuma endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye okusetshenziswa onkulunkulu, ngoba kubonakala eminyango yamanga yamathempeli asendulo aseGibhithe, lokhu kungabonakala eKarnak, lapho kukhona isakhiwo seminyango eyisikhombisa ne-sistro eboniswe eceleni. Okuphakamisa ukukhathazeka: ngabe le nto yokugcina izinto eyayigcinwe ngonkulunkulu basendulo baseGibhithe yayinamandla okuvula izingosi?
Njengamanje, kungatholwa imidwebo eqoshiwe nemibhalo egciniwe ekhombisa abapristi base-Isis noma abasizi babo bephethe i-sistro. Abanye abacwaningi bakhombisa ukuthi umsindo wabo ungasetshenziselwa ukungena ezindaweni ezingathi shu lapho abapristikazi nabapristi "bengakhulumisana" noma baxhumane nezidalwa ezikwezinye izilinganiso zokwazi.
I-sistro yaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa eGibhithe ngemuva kokunyamalala kofaro. Ngokwesiko lamaGrikhi, ama-sistros nawo ayesetshenziswa, kepha hhayi wonke okufanele adlalwe. Esikhundleni salokho, badlale indima engokomfanekiso emihlatshelweni, emikhosini nasezimo zomngcwabo.
Namuhla, i-sistrum isasetshenziswa emasikweni emasontweni aseCoptic nase-Ethiopia. Idlalwa ngesikhathi somdanso we-debtera (abahlabeleli) emikhosini ebalulekile yesonto. Kutholakala ngezikhathi ezithile ekukhulekeleni nasezinkolelweni zamaNeopagan.
Akungabazeki ukuthi, i-sistro yinto engakholeki futhi engaqondakali, ephinda iqinisekise ukuthi abaseGibhithe babeyimpucuko egcwele izimfihlo nezindaba ezimangazayo.
