Akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale apeza makwerero amatabwa a zaka 1,000 omwe anasungidwa bwino ku United Kingdom. Kufukula pa Field 44, pafupi ndi Tempsford ku Central Bedfordshire, kwayambiranso, ndipo akatswiri apeza zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri zofukulidwa m’mabwinja.
Malinga ndi gulu la ofukula zinthu zakale la MOLA, zingapo mwazinthu zamatabwa za Iron Age zomwe zapezedwa ndizachilendo. Anthu ankagwiritsa ntchito matabwa ambiri m'mbuyomu, makamaka m'nyumba monga nyumba zozungulira, zomwe zinali njira zazikulu zomwe anthu ankakhalamo mu Iron Age (800BC - 43AD).
Nthawi zambiri, umboni wokhawo womwe timapeza wa nyumba zozungulira ndi mabowo, pomwe mizati yamatabwa yawola kale. Izi zili choncho chifukwa nkhuni zimasweka mofulumira kwambiri zikakwiriridwa pansi. M'malo mwake, malo ochepera 5% a malo ofukula mabwinja ku England onse ali ndi matabwa otsala!
Ngati matabwa amawola mofulumira chonchi, kodi akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale anapeza bwanji ena?
Mitengo imaphwanyidwa ndi bowa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono monga mabakiteriya. Koma, ngati nkhuniyo ili pamtunda wonyowa kwambiri, imatha kutenga madzi ndikukhala madzi. nkhuni zikadzadza ndi madzi, zokwiriridwa m’nthaka yonyowa, siziuma;
Izi zikutanthauza kuti mpweya sungakhoze kufika ku nkhuni. Mabakiteriya sangakhale ndi moyo popanda mpweya, choncho palibe chomwe chingathandize nkhuni kuwola.
“Mbali ina ya malo athu okumba ndi chigwa chosazama kumene madzi apansi panthaka amasonkhanabe mwachibadwa. Kwenikweni, izi zikutanthauza kuti nthaka imakhala yonyowa nthawi zonse.
Zikanakhalanso chimodzimodzi m’nthawi ya Iron Age pamene anthu am’deralo ankagwiritsa ntchito malowa potungira madzi m’zitsime zosazama. Ngakhale izi zikutanthauza kuti kukumba kunali matope kwambiri kwa akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale, zidapangitsanso kuti atulutsidwe modabwitsa, "adatero a MOLA m'mawu atolankhani.
Zinthu zingapo zodabwitsa zamatabwa zidasungidwa m'nthaka kwa zaka 2000. Chimodzi mwa izo chinali makwerero a Iron Age omwe anthu ammudzi amagwiritsa ntchito kuti akafike kumadzi kuchokera pachitsime chosazama.
Asayansi avumbulanso chinthu chomwe chingawoneke ngati dengu koma sichili. Kwenikweni ndi thabwa (nthambi zolukidwa ndi nthambi) zokutidwa ndi matope, opangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu monga matope, miyala yophwanyidwa, ndi udzu kapena tsitsi la nyama. Gululi linagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza dzenje lamadzi, koma wattle ndi daub adagwiritsidwanso ntchito pomanga nyumba kwa zaka zikwi zambiri. Kupeza zina zosungidwa kuyambira kalekale monga Iron Age ndizosowa kwambiri.
Atapeza matabwa osungidwa, akatswiri ofukula zinthu zakale ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga. Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti nkhunizo zimanyowa mpaka zitawumitsidwa mosamala mu labu ndi akatswiri osamalira. Ikapanda kunyowa, imayamba kuwola mwachangu ndipo imatha kusweka!
Kodi tikuphunzira chiyani pa matabwa?
“Tikhoza kuphunzira zambiri kuchokera ku zinthu zamatabwa zimenezi. Komanso kutha kuona momwe anthu ankapangira ndi kuzigwiritsa ntchito pa moyo wawo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, kupeza mtundu wa nkhuni zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito zidzatiuza za mitengo yomwe inamera m'deralo. Izi zingatithandize kukonzanso mmene malowo akanaonekera pa nthawiyo, komanso mmene malowo anasinthira m’mbiri yonse.
Si nkhuni zokha zomwe zingasungidwe m'malo onyowawa! Timapezanso tizilombo, mbewu, ndi mungu. Zonsezi zimathandiza akatswiri athu ofukula zinthu zakale kuti apange chithunzi cha momwe malo a Bedfordshire ndi Cambridgeshire ankawonekera zaka 2000 zapitazo.
Poyang’ana mungu ndi zomera zosungidwa m’madzi, azindikira kale zomera zina zimene zinkamera chapafupi, kuphatikizapo ma buttercups ndi rushes!” gulu la sayansi la MOLA likufotokoza.
Ntchito zofukula m’mabwinja pamalowa zikupitirirabe. Tsopano matabwawo adzaumitsidwa mosamala ndi osamalira athu, ndiyeno akatswiri amatha kufufuza zinthu zamatabwazi.
