Xibalba: Sirrin duniyar Mayan mai ban mamaki inda rayukan matattu ke tafiya

Ƙarƙashin duniya na Mayan da aka sani da Xibalba yana kama da jahannama na Kirista. Mayan sun yi imani cewa duk mace da namiji da suka mutu sun yi tafiya zuwa Xibalba.

Mafi yawan manyan tsoffin ƙasashe na duniya sun yi imani da duhu mai duhu, kama da jahannama ta Kirista, inda mutane ke tafiya kuma suka ci karo da aljanu masu ban tsoro da firgitarwa waɗanda suka firgita su. The Mayayan, wanda ya mamaye kudancin Mexico da galibin Amurka ta Tsakiya, ba banbanci ba, yana mai suna wannan jahannama Xibalba.

Xbalba
Gilashin Mayan tare da hoton Xibalbá. Ƙari Wikimedia Commons

Mayan sun yi tunanin cewa shigowar wannan rami mai duhu da jahannama ta hanyar daruruwan cenotes da aka tarwatsa ko'ina cikin kudu maso gabashin Mexico, wanda ya haifar da hanyar sadarwa mai zurfi mai zurfi a cikin ruwan shuɗi wanda yanzu asalin asalin Mexico ne.

Waɗannan rukunin yanar gizon sun kasance masu alfarma ga Mayayan, bayar da damar isa ga wani wuri cike da alloli masu ban mamaki (wanda aka sani da Ubangijin Xibalba) da halittu masu firgitarwa; a halin yanzu, cenotes yana riƙe da sihiri mai sihiri wanda ke sa su zama shafuka masu mahimmanci don gano abubuwan da suka gabata na Mexico da abubuwan al'ajabi waɗanda suka burge tsoffin mazauna yankin.

Xibalba
Iyayen Mutuwa (Iyayen Xibalba). © fandom

a cikin Mayan underworld, Iyayengiji na Xibalba an tsara su ta manyan mukamai da majalisun da suka kasance tare da wani nau'in wayewa. Fitowar su galibi baƙar fata ce mai duhu da duhu, kuma suna nuna alamar kishiyar rayuwa: a sakamakon haka, sun zama ma'auni tsakanin duniyoyin rayayyu da duniyoyin matattu.

Babban alloli na Xibalba sune Hun-Camé (Mutuwa ɗaya) da Vucum-Camé (Mutuwa Bakwai), amma mafi girman adadi shine babu shakka Ah Puch, wanda kuma aka sani da Kisin ko Yum Kimil, the Ubangijin Mutuwa. Mayan sun bauta musu, waɗanda suka sadaukar da ɗan adam don girmama su.

Xibalba
Hero Twins sunan gama -gari na Xbalanque da Hunahpu, waɗanda aka taƙaita su zuwa duniyar ruhaniya, Xibalba, kuma suna yin wasan ƙwallo a kan Maɗaukakin Mutuwa a cikin tatsuniyoyin Mayan. Ƙari Wikimedia Commons

Dangane da littafin mai tsarki na Maya, Popol Vuh, 'yan'uwa biyu masu suna Hunahp da Ixbalanqué sun faɗi ƙarƙashin Ƙasa kafin ƙirƙirar duniya kamar yadda muka sani bayan alloli sun ƙalubalance su don yin wasan ƙwallo. Dole ne su jimre da ƙalubale da yawa yayin tafiyarsu cikin wannan muguwar ƙasa mai ban tsoro, kamar hawan matakai masu tsayi, ratsa kogunan jini da ruwa, da wucewa cikin dakuna masu duhu tare da dabbobin daji ko ƙaya.

Popol Vuh yana nuna matakan Xibalba da yawa ta wannan hanyar:

  • Gidan duhu, duhu ya kewaye shi gaba ɗaya.
  • Gidan sanyi, inda iska mai sanyi ta cika kowane kusurwar ciki.
  • Gidan jaguar, cike da jaguar daji wanda ya tashi daga wani matsanancin hali zuwa wani.
  • Gidan jemagu, cike da jemagu da suka cika gidan da raha.
  • Gidan wukake, inda babu komai sai kaifi da hatsari.
  • An ambaci wanzuwar gida na shida da ake kira Gidan Zafi, inda akwai wuta kawai, wuta, harshen wuta da wahala.

Saboda Mayayan sun yi tunanin cewa kowane namiji da mace da suka mutu sun je Xibalba, sun ba da ruwa da abinci ga matattu yayin bukukuwan jana'izarsu don kada ruhinsu ya ji yunwa a kan tafiyarsu ta kusa zuwa ga Firdausi mai ban tsoro.