Fina-finan almara da na adabi da dama sun ba mu haske game da yadda za a iya daina rayuwa na ɗan lokaci kaɗan ba tare da mutuwa a zahiri ba, sa'an nan kuma mu dawo rayuwa kawai don shaida abin da zai faru a nan gaba. Amma gaskiyar cewa, ga mutanen da ke cikin duniyar gaske, irin waɗannan abubuwa har yanzu ba wani abu ba ne, face ɗimbin ra'ayi na almara. Amma akwai tsutsotsi guda biyu a cikin petri-tasa waɗanda hakika sun karya wannan ƙa'idar asali ta ra'ayinmu na gargajiya.
Bisa ga Lokacin Siberian, masana kimiyya daga cibiyoyi huɗu na Rasha, tare da haɗin gwiwar Jami'ar Princeton ta Amurka, sun yi nazarin wasu tsutsotsi na tarihin premeistrost na Arctic permafrost adibas da ake kira. nematodes kuma ya gano cewa nau'ikan nau'ikan waɗannan tsutsotsi guda biyu - waɗanda aka gano a yankuna daban-daban na Siberiya - har yanzu suna nuna alamun rayuwa bayan sun makale a cikin ƙanƙara kusan shekaru 42,000!
Sakamakon mu'ujjizan su, wanda aka buga a cikin fitowar Mayu 2018 na mujallar Doklady Biological Sciences, wakiltar shaida ta farko na kwayoyin halitta da yawa sun dawo rayuwa bayan dogon barci a cikin Arctic permafrost, suna dakatarwa a cikin daskarewa mai zurfi tun lokacin da Pleistocene.
Ko da yake nematodes ko waɗanda aka fi sani da roundworms ƙanana ne - yawanci suna auna kusan milimita 1 a tsayi - an san su suna da iyawa masu ban sha'awa. Ana samun wasu suna zaune a nisan kilomita 1.3 a ƙasan duniya, mafi zurfi fiye da kowace rayuwa ta salula. Wasu tsutsotsi da ke zaune a tsibiri a Tekun Indiya na iya haɓaka ɗaya daga cikin baki biyar daban-daban, ya danganta da irin abinci da ake samu. Wasu kuma an daidaita su don bunƙasa cikin hanjin slug da kuma tafiya a kan slick manyan hanyoyi na slug poop.
Don zurfafa binciken su, masu bincike sun bincika samfuran 300 na ajiya na Arctic permafrost, wanda adibas guda biyu suka riƙe nematodes da yawa da aka adana. An tattara samfurin daya daga burbushin squirrel a kusa da kogin Alazeya a arewa maso gabashin Yakutia, Rasha. An yi kiyasin cewa waɗannan kudaden ajiya sun kai kimanin shekaru 32,000. Sauran samfurin permafrost ya fito ne daga kogin Kolyma a arewa maso gabashin Siberiya, kuma waɗannan ajiyar sun kasance kusan shekaru 42,000. Suna wakiltar nau'in nematode guda biyu da aka sani: Panagrolaimus detritophagus da kuma Plectus parvus.
Nematodes, bayan an cire su daga permafrost, an narke a hankali a cikin jita-jita na petri kuma an sanya su cikin al'adu a 68ºF (20ºC) tare da agar da abinci, to duk masu binciken dole ne su jira. Sun fara nuna alamun rayuwa, motsi da cin abinci bayan makonni da yawa, wanda hakan ya zama shaida ta farko na "kyakkyawan yanayi" na dabbobi masu yawa, bisa ga binciken.
Duk da haka, nematodes ba su ne farkon kwayoyin halittar da suka farka daga shekaru aru-aru a lokacin da aka dakatar da kankara. A baya, wani rukuni na masana kimiyya sun gano wata katuwar kwayar cutar da aka sake farfadowa bayan shafe shekaru 30,000 a cikin sanyi a cikin Siberian permafrost - yana da ban tsoro kawai jin wannan labarin. Amma kar a firgita, amoebas ne kawai halitta da wannan tsohon maharin ya shafa.
Abin baƙin ciki, ba za mu iya yin hira da tsutsotsi masu shekaru 40,000 don tambayar yadda duniya take ba a lokacin, amma haɓakar hauka na iya warware hanyoyin da ke cikin tsoffin nematodes waɗanda suka ba su damar tsira da irin wannan daskarewa mai tsawo; Nuna yadda waɗannan ayyukan daidaitawa ke iya yin tasiri a fannonin kimiyya da yawa, "kamar su cryomedicine, cryobiology, da astrobiology," in ji masu binciken.
