Umhlaba uyinqolobane yezimfihlo namagugu afihliwe, futhi okunye okuthakazelisa kakhulu ukutholakala kwezilwane zasendulo ezike zaba khona. igcinwe ngokuphelele ku-permafrost.
Ngo-2018, umzingeli we-mammoth tusk onenhlanhla ohlola usebe lomfula iTirekhtyak esifundeni sase-Yakutia eSiberia wathola okuthile okumangazayo - inhloko engaphelele yempisi yangaphambi komlando.
Ukutholwa kuthathwa njengokubalulekile okutholakele njengoba kunikeza ukuqonda okungakaze kubonwe ngempilo yezilwane ezaziphila ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule.
Isifanekiso, esilondolozwe iminyaka engu-32,000 yi-permafrost yalesi sifunda, siwukuphela kwengxenye yesidumbu se-Pleistocene steppe wolf - uhlu lozalo olungasekho oluhlukene nezimpisi zesimanje - ezake zatholwa.
Lokhu kutholakala, okwanyatheliswa okokuqala yi-Siberian Times, kulindeleke ukuthi kusize ochwepheshe ekuqondeni kangcono ukuthi izimpisi ze-steppe zazihluke kanjani ezintweni zesimanje, kanye nokuthi kungani lezi zilwane zashabalala.
NgokukaMarisa Iati weWashington Post, impisi ekhishwayo yathuthukiswa ngokugcwele ngesikhathi sokufa kwayo, mhlawumbe phakathi kweminyaka emi-2 kuya kwemi-4 ubudala. Nakuba izithombe zekhanda elinqanyuliwe, zisaqhosha ngoboya, amazinyo, kanye nekhala eligcinwe kahle, zibeka ubukhulu balo kuma-intshi angu-15.7 ubude - ikhanda lesimanje lempisi elimpunga, uma liqhathaniswa, lilinganisa ama-intshi angu-9.1 kuya ku-11.
U-Love Dalén, isazi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo eMnyuziyamu Wezemvelo YaseSweden owayethwebula ifilimu eSiberia lapho umzingeli wamazinyo efika endaweni yesigameko ephethe ikhanda, uthi imibiko yabezindaba ebeka lokho okutholwe “njengempisi enkulu” ayinembile.
NgokukaDalén, akuyona into enkulu kangako kunempisi yesimanje uma unciphisa iqhwa leqhwa elinamathele lapho intamo ngokuvamile ibiyoba khona.
Ngokusho kwe-CNN, ithimba laseRussia eliholwa ngu-Albert Protopopov we-Republic of Sakha's Academy of Sciences lilungiselela ukwakha imodeli yedijithali yobuchopho besilwane kanye nengaphakathi logebhezi lwaso.
Ngokubheka isimo sokulondolozwa kwekhanda, yena nozakwabo banethemba lokuthi bangase bakhiphe okusebenzayo DNA futhi uyisebenzisele ukulandelana kofuzo lwempisi ngokusho kukaDavid Stanton, umcwaningi waseSweden Museum of Natural History oqondisa ukuhlolwa kofuzo lwamathambo. Okwamanje akwaziwa ukuthi ikhanda lempisi laphuma kanjani emzimbeni wayo wonke.
U-Tori Herridge, isazi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo e-Natural History Museum yaseLondon owayeyingxenye yethimba elithwebula ifilimu eSiberia ngesikhathi kutholwa, uthi uzakwabo, uDan Fisher wase-University of Michigan, ucabanga ukuthi ukuskenwa kwekhanda lalesi silwane kungase kwembule ubufakazi balesi silwane. ihlukaniswa ngabantu ngamabomu - mhlawumbe "ngasikhathi sinye nempisi ifa."
Uma kunjalo, uHerridge uyaphawula, lokhu okutholakele kunganikeza “isibonelo esiyingqayizivele sokusebenzelana kwabantu nezilwane ezidla inyama.” Noma kunjalo, uphetha kokuthunyelwe ku-Twitter, "Ngigodla ukwahlulela kuze kube kwenziwa uphenyo olwengeziwe."
UDalén unanela ukungabaza kukaHerridge, ethi “akukho bufakazi obumqinisekisayo” bokuthi abantu banquma ikhanda. Phela, akuvamile ukuthola izinsalela ezithile endaweni ehlala iqhwa eSiberia.
Ngokwesibonelo, uma isilwane sasingcwatshwa ingxenye ethile bese siqandiswa, wonke umzimba waso wawungase ubole noma udliwe abadobi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukushintshashintsha kwe-permafrost phakathi nezinkulungwane zeminyaka bekungabangela umzimba ukuba uqhekeke ube yizicucu eziningana.
NgokukaStanton, izimpisi “cishe zazizikhudlwana futhi ziqinile kunezimpisi zanamuhla.” Lezi zilwane zazinomhlathi oqinile, obanzi ohlomele ukuzingela izilwane ezidla uhlaza ezinkulu ezifana nama-mammoth woboya nobhejane, futhi njengoba uStanton etshela i-USA Today N'dea Yancey-Bragg, yashabalala phakathi kweminyaka engu-20,000 kuya kwezingu-30,000 edlule, noma cishe isikhathi lapho izimpisi zanamuhla zaqala khona. wafika endaweni yesigameko.
Uma abacwaningi bephumelela ekukhipheni i-DNA ekhanda lempisi, bazozama ukuyisebenzisa ukuze banqume ukuthi izimpisi zasendulo zazikhwelana nalezi zamanje, ukuthi izinhlobo zangaphambili zazizalelwe kanjani, nokuthi uhlu lozalo lwalunalo - noma lwalushoda - noma yikuphi ukuguqulwa kofuzo okube nomthelela. ekuqothulweni kwayo.
Kuze kube manje, i-permafrost yaseSiberia isikhiqize uxhaxha lwezidalwa zangaphambi komlando ezigcinwe kahle: phakathi kwezinye, Ithole elineminyaka engu-42,000, iwundlu lengonyama eliwumhume, “inyoni enhle yeqhwa enezimpaphe,” njengoba uHerridge ephawula, “ngisho nebhu elintekenteke le-Ice Age.”
NgokukaDalén, lokhu okutholakele kungase kubangelwe ukwanda kokuzingela amazinyo amakhulu kanye nokwanda kokuncibilika kwe-permafrost okuhlobene nokufudumala kwembulunga yonke.
U-Stanton uphetha ngokuthi, “Isimo sezulu esishisayo ... sisho ukuthi eziningi zalezi zibonelo zizotholakala esikhathini esizayo.” Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uveza, "Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi eziningi zazo zizoncibilika futhi zibole (ngakho-ke zilahleke) ngaphambi kokuba noma ubani azithole ... futhi azifunde."
Iqiniso lokuthi lokhu kutholakala kwenziwa umzingeli omkhulu wamazinyo kuphela kunezela ebuqilini. Isikhathi esijabulisayo sezazi ze-paleontologists kanye nezazi zemivubukulo ngokufanayo, njengoba kutholwa izinto eziningi ezidlula imingcele yokuqonda kwethu okwedlule. Sibheke ngabomvu ukubona ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izinto ezitholakalayo ezimangalisayo esikhathini esizayo!
