Kutholakale ngo-1995, ama-monoliths eGobekli Tepe ngokusobala angenye yezimfihlakalo ezinkulu emhlabeni. Lapho kutholakala, kubukeka sengathi kungcwatshwe ngamabomu esihlabathini, ngenxa yezizathu namanje ezingaziwa.
Okungaziwa nhlobo ukuthi ukuphola ngekhabhoni kulinganisela ukuthi isayithi lineminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-12,000 5 ubudala! Ukuqoshwa ngokunemba okusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokwakha kuthakazelisa ngokuphelele. Kuze kube manje kumbiwe u-XNUMX% wale sayithi emangalisayo. Abavubukuli bahlela ukushiya iningi lalo lingathintwa ukuze lihlolisiswe izizukulwane ezizayo lapho izindlela zokuvubukula kungenzeka ukuthi sezithuthukile.
Ukutholwa Kwe-Gobekli Tepe:
Abavubukuli base-Istanbul University naseYunivesithi yaseChicago baqala ukuthola uGobekli Tepe ngo-1963 ngesikhathi kwenziwa ucwaningo lwemivubukulo. Kepha bebengacabangi ukuthi bekungamathuna asendulo. Babethole igquma eline-slabs eliphukile le-limestone futhi abazikhathazanga ngokubheka phambili, nakanjani bekungeke kube khona lutho ngaphandle kwamathambo ambalwa abekiwe ukuphumula emakhulwini eminyaka edlule.
Ngo-1994, uKlaus Schmidt we-German Archaeological Institute, owayekade esebenza eNevalı Çori, wayefuna enye indawo azoyimba. Ubuyekeze imibhalo yemivubukulo yendawo ezungezile, wathola incazelo emfushane yabacwaningi baseChicago ngo-1963 ngeGobekli Tepe, wabe esenquma ukuphinde ahlole le ndawo. Lapho esethole izakhiwo ezifanayo eNevalı Çori, wabona ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi amadwala nama-slabs kwakungaphambi komlando. Ngonyaka olandelayo, waqala ukumba lapho esebenzisana ne-lanlıurfa Museum, futhi ngokushesha wavula insika yokuqala yezinsika ezinkulu ezimise okwe-T. Lokhu kwakumane nje kuyisiqalo semfihlo eyodwa enkulu kunazo zonke zomlando.
UGobekli Tepe - Ingxenye Yomlando Ethakazelisayo:
Isendaweni esemaphethelweni asenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeMesopotamia eningizimu-mpumalanga yeTurkey, iGobekli Tepe iyi-anecdote eveza, igquma lasendulo elenziwe ngokwakhiwa kwezingqimba zeminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezakhiwe phezu kwamanxiwa alabo abake bafika ngaphambili.
Ezingeni eliphansi kunazo zonke elaziwa njengeLayer III, ukwakhiwa kwalo okubaluleke kakhulu kubuyela emuva ku-10,000 kuya ku-11,000 BC, ekugcineni kwe-Ice Age. Kwakuyisikhathi esandulela ukwethulwa kokubhala, amathuluzi wensimbi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamasondo esifundeni ngeminyaka eyi-6,000. Kodwa-ke, ngokusebenzisa indlela ye-radiocarbon, ukuphela kwe-Layer III kungalungiswa cishe ngo-9000 BC.
Behlome ngobuchwepheshe obulula kakhulu, abakhi basendulo basebenzisa amathuluzi amatshe ukusika amabhulokhi amakhulu kakhulu ezinsikeni, ngalinye linesisindo esiphakathi kwamathani ayi-11 kuya kwangu-22. Ngemuva kwalokho amakhulukhulu abantu ayosebenzisana ukuhambisa izinsika noma yikuphi ukusuka kumamitha ayi-100-500 kuye enxanxatheleni yezindawo.
Esizeni, amatshe amakhulu ahlelwa ngamaringi ayisiyingi wezinsika eziqonde cishe eziyisishiyagalombili, ngayinye. Yonke insika yakhiwe ngamatshe amabili akha i-T-shape. Imvamisa, izinsika eziyisithupha, ezixhunywe nezindonga eziphansi, zimisiwe zizungeze umjikelezo, futhi izinsika ezimbili ezinde ziphakathi nendawo. Izinsika ezinde kunazo zonke zifinyelela kumamitha ayi-16 ukuphakama, kanti amasongo amakhulu ngobukhulu angamamitha angama-65 ububanzi. Kuze kube manje, kutholakale izinsika ezicishe zibe ngu-200 lapho kumbiwa khona.
Igalari yeGobekli Tepe:
IGobekli Tepe - Ithempeli Elidala Kunazo Zonke Emlandweni Wabantu:
Kucatshangelwa abanye abavubukuli ukuthi indawo ephakeme yeGobekli Tepe kungenzeka ukuthi yayisebenza njengesikhungo esingokomoya ngesikhathi sayo. Emhlabeni jikelele nangesikhathi sonke, abantu bakujabulele ukwakha izikhumbuzo ezinkulu. Ukukunikeza umbono wokuthi uGobekli Tepe uneminyaka emingaki, cabanga ngomugqa wesikhathi olandelayo:
- 1644 AD: Ukwakhiwa koDonga Olukhulu lwaseChina kuphele ngobude obuphelele obungaphezulu kwamakhilomitha angama-20,000 XNUMX.
- 1400-1600 AD: I-moai e-Easter Island yakhiwe.
- 1372 AD: ITeaning Tower, esePisa, e-Italy, yaqedwa ngemuva kweminyaka engu-200 yokwakhiwa.
- 1113-1150 AD: IKhmer yaseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia yakhele ithempeli elikhulu iVishnu, i-Angkor Vat.
- 200 AD: IPhiramidi yeLanga eTeotihuacan, eMexico laqedwa.
- Ngo-220 BC: Ukwakhiwa koDonga Olukhulu lwaseChina kwaqala.
- Ngo-432 BC: “I-apotheosis yezakhiwo zasendulo zamaGrikhi,” iParthenon, yaqedwa.
- 3000-1500 BC: Cishe eminyakeni engama-5,000 140 eyedlule, iqembu lamaNeolithic Britons elihlanyayo lahudula amatshe amakhulu angamathani amane ngaphezu kwamamayela ayi-XNUMX ukuyokwakha iStonehenge eSalisbury Plain.
- 2550-2580 BC: Ithuna likaFaro Khufu, iGreat Pyramid of Giza, laqedwa. Yahlala yakhiwa ende kunazo zonke ezenziwe ngabantu kwaze kwaba ngu-1311 lapho kuqedwa iLincoln Cathedral eNgilandi.
- 4500-2000 BC: Ama-Pre-Celts asika futhi abeka amatshe angaphezu kuka-3,000 XNUMX eCarnac, eFrance.
- 9130-8800 BC: Izakhiwo zokuqala ezingama-20 eGobekli Tepe zakhiwa, empeleni, ekugcineni kwePleistocene noma i-Ice Age.
Izimfihlakalo uGobekli Tepe azishiya ngemuva:
IGobekli Tepe, empeleni okuyinkimbinkimbi enamathempeli amaningi, kungenzeka ukuthi yayiyithempeli lokuqala emhlabeni elenziwa ngumuntu. Ubufakazi obutholwe kule ndawo bubonisa ukuthi yayisetshenziselwa izinjongo zenkolo. Iningi lezinsika ezitholakala lapho lizinze nge-T, lifinyelela kumamitha ayi-6 ukuphakama, futhi linezinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane ezinjengezinkunzi, izinyoka, izimpungushe, ama-cranes, amabhubesi, njll.
Into emangalisa kakhulu ukuthi ezinye izinsika zinesisindo esiphakathi kwamathani angama-40-60, okudala ukuqagela ngokuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi amadoda angaphambi komlando akhe lesikhumbuzo esinjalo ngenkathi amathuluzi ayisisekelo engakakhiwa. Ngokwesayensi yemivubukulo, abantu bangaleso sikhathi babebhekwa njengabazingeli abangenabuchwepheshe ababesebenzisa izikhali ezingaconsi phansi ezenziwe ngamatshe futhi bengazange bafeze noma yiluphi uhlobo lobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo.
Ukubaluleka kweGobekli Tepe kuxhomeke ekutheni abantu ababehlala lapho babethuthuke kakhulu kunalokho okwakucatshangwa ngaphambili. Lokhu kutholakala okuhle kwemivubukulo kumane nje kuzamazamise 'ukuqonda kwethu okuvamile ngempucuko yabantu'.
Kuleli qophelo, i-Ancient Astronaut Theorists ibeke umbono wabo okholisayo wokuthi izidalwa ezivela kwenye iplanethi bezingasiza isintu kulezi zikhathi zasendulo futhi sibenze bakwazi ukudala izakhiwo ezihlaba umxhwele hhayi nje eTurkey kuphela, kodwa emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele.
Isiphetho:
Umuntu kwakufanele abe ngumzingeli wokuqala ngesikhathi kusakhiwa iGobekli Tepe. Ukuba khona kwale ndawo njengamanje kwandulela lokho okufundiswe yisayensi kungabaluleka ekwakheni okuthile esikalini njengalezo zinhlaka. Isibonelo, isiza sivela ngaphambi kwezinsuku okuvunyelwene ngazo zokwenziwa kobuciko nokuqoshwa. Kuze kudlule nomuntu esebenza ngezinsimbi nobumba kodwa kuveza ubufakazi bakho konke lokhu.
Inkinga ayikho ebukhoneni bezikhumbuzo zeGobekli Tepe, empeleni, inkinga ikulokho esilahlekile, umlando wethu olahlekile. Uma sibheka emuva emlandweni sizothola ukuthi kunezinkulungwane zemicimbi eyimfihlakalo eyenzeka engxenyeni encane yomlando wesintu. Futhi uma sigcina eceleni imidwebo yomhume (engeke yenze umehluko omkhulu), ingxenyenamba izazi-mlando zethu nososayensi ababonakala ngathi bayazi mhlawumbe kungeqi ngaphezu kuka-3-10%.
Izazi-mlando zithole iningi lomlando wasendulo onemininingwane emibhalweni ehlukahlukene. Futhi impucuko yaseMesopotamiya, ehlanganisa abantu esibabiza ngamaSumeriya, yaqala ukusebenzisa umbhalo obhaliwe eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-5,500 XNUMX edlule. "I-homo sapiens ye-Anatomically yesimanje" noma homo sapiens sapiens okokuqala yayikhona eminyakeni engaba ngu-200,000 edlule. Ngakho-ke eminyakeni engama-200k yomlando wesintu, ama-195.5k awabhalisiwe. Okuchaza cishe i-97% yomlando wesintu ilahlekile namuhla. Futhi iGobekli Tepe iyisibonelo sengxenye encane kodwa ebaluleke ngempela yalokho ulahlekelwe umlando.
