Imwe yembiru huru dze astronaut wekare dzidziso ndeyekuti zvisikwa zvekare zvinogona kunge zvakakanganisa hunhu hwevanhu uye humwe hupenyu ' DNA. Zvivezwa zvakawanda zvekare zvinoratidza kunge zvakapetwa kaviri zveDNA, zvichiita kuti vafundisi vafungidzire: Ko kana kunze kwenyika zvisikwa zvakabatsira kushanduka kwevanhu? Pamwe vakatogadzira mahybrids neDNA yavo?
Imwe dzidziso ndeyekuti nzanga dzekare dzaiziva nezveZiso rechitatu mune iyo pituitary gland yehuropi. Icho chiratidzo cheiyo pine koni-yakaumbwa gland inoita kunge yakabatana nezvisingaite zvisikwa zvinoita kunge zviri kuchinja iyo Muti weUpenyu. Vamwe vanoona muti uyu semumiriri weDNA nemunhu vertebrae.
Pane mibvunzo yakawanda isina mhinduro. Chii chiri hukama pakati peZiso rechitatu neiyo DNA? Zvisikwa zvekare izvi zvaive nazvo here ruzivo rwemberi yekushandura chimiro cheDNA nekuziva kukuru? Kutaura chokwadi, izvo zvinoita kunge zvisina musoro. Zvisinei, mamwe masayendisiti nhasi anoita seari kusvika pamhedziso yakafanana.
Usati waongorora izvi zvitsva zvitsva, ramba uchifunga kuti zvishoma kwazvo zvinozivikanwa nezvehuwandu hwakawanda hwe DNA. Muna 2018, vakawana imwe itsva isinganzwisisike yerudzi rweDNA, iyo i-motif, ina-yakakoshwa banga regeneti kodhi.
Rima DNA
Panguva imwecheteyo, vesaenzi vakaburitsa zvavakawana pa 'rima nyaya' DNA, iyo inosanganisira zvisina kujeka akateedzana ayo angangofanana mune ese emhuka, kusanganisira vanhu, mbeva, uye huku. Rima DNA rinoonekwa serinokosha kuhupenyu, asi masayendisiti haazive chaizvo kuti anoshanda sei uye kuti akaumba sei uye akashanduka sei munguva yakapfuura yapfuura. Muchokwadi, hatizive zvinoita 98 muzana yeDNA yedu, asi zvishoma nezvishoma tiri kudzidza kuti haisi "tsvina" shure kwezvose.
Parizvino, vesaenzi havasati vaziva zvakawanda nezve magene edu eDNA, havazive chaizvo izvo zvinokonzeresa kuziva kwedu. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuferefetwa kwakati wandei kuratidza senge masisitimu echisimba, ezvakatipoteredza, uye zvine simba zvinogona kuchinja DNA. Munda we epigenetics unotarisa kuti sei zvimwe zvinhu kunze kwemajini edu kodhi zvinoshandura kuti ndiani uye zvatiri.
Zvinoenderana nezvimwe ongororo, isu tinogona kushandura DNA yedu nezvatinofunga, pfungwa, uye nemanzwiro. Kuchengeta kufunga kwakanaka uye kubata zvine mutsindo kunetsekana kunogona kutibatsira kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwedu kwepamoyo, pamwe nemagene edu eDNA.
Mukupesana, ongororo yevakadzi zviuru gumi nemazana pazana vari panjodzi huru yekushushikana mu United Kingdom vakawana kuti mitochondrial DNA uye telomere kureba zvakachinjwa.
Sekureva kweSainzi Alert, chakanyanya kutsvaga ndechekuti vakadzi vane kushushikana kwakanangana nekushushikana, kusuwa kwakabatana nekushungurudzika kwevana sekushungurudzwa pabonde vaive neDNA mitochondrial yakawanda (mtDNA) kupfuura vamwe vavo. Mitochondria ndiwo 'masimba emagetsi organelles' mukati memasero anoburitsa simba kune yese yese sero kubva kuchikafu, uye kuwedzera kweDNA yemitochondrial kwakaita kuti vaongorori vafunge kuti maseru avo 'simba zvaida zvachinja mukupindura kunetseka.
Idzi shanduko mugadziriro yeDNA inoita kunge inomhanyisa kukwegura. Mushure mekuongorora zvavakawana, vaongorori vakaona kuti vakadzi vanotambura nekushushikana-zvine chekuita nekushushikana vaive netheromere mapfupi pane vakadzi vane hutano. MaTelomeres ndiwo makapeti ari kumagumo emakromosomes edu ayo anowanzo dzikira patinokwegura, uye vaongorori vakashamisika kana kushushikana kwainge kwawedzera chiitiko ichi.
Kumwe kutsvagurudza kunoratidza kuti kufungisisa uye iyo yoga inogona kubatsira mukuchengetedza matheromere. Kuenderera mberi zvakanyanya, mamwe masayendisiti anofunga kuti yedu DNA inoenderana nehukama hwedu hwepamusoro hwemweya. Maererano ne yekare astronaut dzidziso, isu tave kutosvika padanho rekufunga kwevakare. Kana izvi zvichinzwika kuva zvisinganzwisisike kwauri, ungangoda kuramba uchienderera sezvo zvinhu zvichawedzera kusimba.
Iko kune here chinhu chakadai phantom DNA?
Muna 1995, Vladimir Poponin, muRussia wezvesainzi yakawanda, akaburitsa chidzidzo chakaomesa musoro chinonzi "Iyo DNA Phantom Mhedzisiro ”. Sekureva kwechidzidzo ichocho vakataura zvakateedzana bvunzo zvichiratidza kuti DNA yemunhu inokanganisa nyika yepanyika kuburikidza nezvavaiti iri idzva remasimba anobatanidza maviri. Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti apo mafotoni echiedza aivapo pamberi peDNA mhenyu, vakazvironga zvakasiyana.
Ichokwadi kuti iyo DNA yaive yakanangana nemaphoto, sekunge achiaumba iwo maitiro akajairika nesimba risingaonekwe. Izvi zvakakosha sezvo pasina chinhu mune echinyakare fizikisi chingabvumidze mhedzisiro iyi. Zvisineyi, mune ino nharaunda inodzorwa, DNA chinhu chinoita kuti vanhu vagadziriswe chakatariswa uye chakanyorwa kuve nekukanganisa kwakananga pazvinhu zvehuwandu izvo zvinoumba nyika yedu.
Kumwe kuyedza kwakaitwa neUS Army mu1993 kwakatarisa masvomhu eDNA akaita manzwiro kubva kune vanopa vanhu. Iwo maDNA sampuli anga achicherechedzwa apo vaipa vaiona mafirimu mune imwe kamuri. Kutaura, manzwiro emunhu aive nemhedzisiro paDNA, zvisinei nekuti munhu aive kure zvakadii neiyo DNA sampuro. Inoita kunge sechiitiko cheyakawandisa kuwanda.
Kana mupiro akaona 'manyawi' uye 'anonyura,' masero ake neDNA zvakaratidza simba rakasimba remagetsi panguva imwe chete. Kunyangwe paine chokwadi chekuti mupi akapatsanurwa kwemazana emamita kure neyake DNA sampuro, iyo DNA yakaita sekunge ichiri yakanamatira panyama yake. Mubvunzo ndewokuti, nei? Chingave chii chiri chikonzero serudzi urwu rwekusanzwisisika kuenzanirana pakati pemupi uye yake yakaparadzaniswa DNA sampuro.
Kuita kuti zvinhu zvinyanye kushamisa, kana munhu anga ari makiromita mazana matatu kubva kure, sampuro yake yeDNA ichiri kupindura panguva imwe chete. Zvinotaridza kuti, iwo maviri aive akabatanidzwa ne zvisina kujeka munda wesimba - simba iro risina tsananguro yakakodzera yesainzi kusvika nhasi.
Kana mupiro aine chiitiko chekushushikana, iyo DNA mune samuenzaniso yakaita senge yaive ichiri neimwe nzira yakasungirirwa kumutumbi wemupi. Kubva pamaonero aya, sekutaura kunoita Dr. Jeffrey Thompson, anoshanda naye kuCleve Backster:Iko hakuna nzvimbo iyo muviri wemunhu unomira zvechokwadi uye hapana kwainotangira. "
Kuedza kwechitatu kubva kuHeartMath muna 1995 zvakafanana zvinoratidza kuti manzwiro evanhu anogona kukanganisa chimiro cheDNA. Glen Rein naRollin McCraty vakaona kuti DNA yakashanduka zvichibva pane zvaifungwa nevatori vechikamu.
Izvi zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti zvishuwo zvakasiyana-siyana zvakagadzira kukanganisa kwakasiyana paMolekoro, ichitungamira kune mhepo kana kuzorora, sekureva kwemumwe wevaongorori. Zviripachena, mhedzisiro inopfuura izvo zvakavimbika dzidziso yesainzi yakatendera kusvika pano.
Aya mauyedzo kubva kumakore mazhinji apfuura anoreva kuti: Pfungwa dzinokwanisa kushandura chimiro cheDNA yedu, neimwe nzira isingatsanangurike, takabatana neDNA yedu uye kudedera kwemafotoni echiedza akatikomberedza anoshandurwa neDNA yedu.
Vanhu vazhinji vanozoona idzi pfungwa dzisinganzwisisike, asi chokwadi chinowanzo kuve chinoshamisa pane fungidziro. Saizvozvowo, masayendisiti akasimbiswa uye vanokanganisa vakagara vachiramba vekare astronaut theorists'mibvunzo sekuseka. Scientific American inoshuma inoti, fungidziro ye vatorwa vekare inoenderana nekanganiso ine musoro inozivikanwa se “Argumentum ad ignorantiam”, kana "Nharo kubva mukusaziva."
Kufunga kwakashata kunoenda seinotevera: Kana pasina tsananguro yakakwana yepasi, semuenzaniso, iyo Peruvia Nazca mitsara, Zvifananidzo zveIsita Island, kana Mapiramidhi eEjipitori, ipapo fungidziro yekuti ivo vakasikwa na vatorwa kubva kunze kwekunze kunofanirwa kuve kwechokwadi.
Chokwadi ndechekuti isu hatina tsananguro yakanaka yekuti vanhu vakashanduka sei kuita chimiro chavo. Isu tese tichiri kutsvaga mhinduro, asi chokwadi chingave chinoshamisa kupfuura chero ani wedu angadai akafungidzira. Hatife takaziva kana tisina pfungwa dzakavhurika, uye pamwe ndiyo kiyi yekuvhura mhinduro dzakavanzika mukati mekodhi yekare inozivikanwa seDNA.
