Vanochera matongo vakawana maturusi mazhinji kubva kuzvizvarwa zvekare zvisati zvaitika munhoroondo yese. Mazhinji acho akavakwa nematombo, asi boka revatsvakurudzi muSpain rakawana zvinoshamisa rock rock crystal zvombo. Imwe yeanokatyamadza mapfumo emakristaro, ayo anosvika kungangoita 3,000 BC, inoratidza hunyanzvi hunoshamisa hwemunhu chero akahuveza.
Kuwanikwa kunoshamisa kwakaitwa mu Montelirio tholos, guva reMegalithic kumaodzanyemba kweSpain. Iyi saiti yakakura inoumbwa neakakura slate slabs uye anosvika 50 metres pakureba. Nzvimbo iyi yakacherwa pakati pa2007 na2010, uye chidzidzo pamaturusi ekristaro chakaburitswa makore mashanu gare gare nevadzidzi kubva kuYunivhesiti yeGranada, iyo University yeSeville, uye yeSpanish Higher Council yeScientific Research. Vakawana miseve makumi maviri neshanu pamwe chete nebanga.
Dombo rekristaro rakapararira munzvimbo dzekare dzekare nzvimbo dzeIberia, zvinoenderana nekudzidza, kunyange zvisingawanzo kuongororwa zvakadzama. Kuti tinzwisise mashandiro ezvombo izvi zvakasarudzika, isu tinofanira kutanga tarisa mamiriro azvakawanikwa.
Zvakawanikwa neve tholos veMontelirio?
Mukati meMontelirio tholos, mapfupa evanenge makumi maviri nevashanu vanhu akawanikwa. Zvinoenderana nekuferefeta kwakapfuura, murume mumwe chete uye vakadzi vazhinji vakaparara nekuda kwehupfu. Masara evakadzi akarongedzwa nenzira yakatenderera mune imwe kamuri padhuze nemapfupa emutungamiri weboka.
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvokuvigwa nazvo zvakawanwawo mumakuva, kubatanidza “machira kana kuti nguo dzakagadzirwa namakumi ezviuru emhanda dzakaboorwa uye dzakashongedzwa nemhunga,” zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nenyanga dzenzou, uye zvidimbu zvemashizha endarama. Nekuda kwekuti miseve yekristaro yakawanikwa pamwechete, nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti dzinogona kunge dziri chikamu chechipo chetsika. Imwe funeral trousseau yakawanikwa zvakare, yaivemo nzou dzenzou, zvishongo, midziyo, uye zai remhou.
Munondo unoyera?
Uye zvakadini nedare rekristaro? “Pamwe chete nechikumbaridzo chenyanga dzenzou nechikwambo,” zvakawanwa zvoga mune imwe nzvimbo. Iyo 8.5-inch-yakareba dhadha yakaumbwa zvakafanana kune mamwe madhaga kubva panguva yenhoroondo (musiyano, hongu, ndewekuti iwo madhaga akagadzirwa nedombo uye iyi ikristaro).
Iyo kristaro, sekureva kwenyanzvi, ingadai yakabata kukosha kwakakosha panguva iyoyo. Yakakwirira nzanga vanhu vakashandisa dombo iri kuti vawane simba kana, maererano nengano, zvemashiripiti kugona. Nekuda kweizvozvo, banga iri rekristaro rinogona kunge rakashandiswa mumitambo yakasiyana siyana. Ruoko rwechombo ichi ndeyenzou. Izvi, sekureva kwevanyanzvi, huchiri humwe humbowo hwekuti banga iri rekristaro raive reboka raitonga renguva.
Huru hunyanzvi hwekugadzira
Mapedzirwo edhaga iri rekristaro anoratidza kuti rakagadzirwa nemhizha dzaive nehunyanzvi mubasa ravo. Vatsvakurudzi vanoiona se "yakanyanya tekinoroji advanced” chiumbwa chakambofukunurwa kuIberia, uye kuchiveza kungadai kwakada unyanzvi hukuru.
Saizi yekristaro inoreva kuti yakagadzirwa kubva mubhokisi regirazi rakareba masendimita makumi maviri uye rakakora masendimita mashanu, sekureva kwenyanzvi. Kumanikidza kuvezwa kwaishandiswa kugadzira misoro gumi nematanhatu, iyo inosanganisira kubvisa zviyero zvitete pamucheto wedombo. Izvi zvinoita sematombo edombo rematombo pakuonekwa, zvisinei vaongorori vanotaura kuti kuumba zvinhu zvakadai sekristaro zvinoda hunyanzvi hwakawanda.
Zvinoreva zvombo zvekristaro
Zvishandiso zvezvisikwa izvi zvaifanira kutorwa kubva kure nekuti pakange pasina zvimbambaira padhuze. Izvi zvinopa kutenda kune dzidziso yekuti yaive yakagadzirirwa vashoma vakasarudzika vaigona kutenga hunyanzvi hwekuunganidza nekushandura zvinhu zvakadaro kuita zvombo. Izvo zvakare zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti hapana chimwe chezvombo chinoratidzika kunge chaive chemunhu mumwe chete; pachinzvimbo, zvese zvinoratidza kuti zvakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kweboka.
Vatsvakurudzi vanotsanangura, "Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinoratidza zvipfeko zvemariro izvo zvaiwanikwa chete nevakuru venguva iyi." “Kiristaro yedombo, kune rumwe rutivi, inofanira kuva yakanga ine donzo rokufananidzira sechinhu chakabikwa chine revo dzakati nezvazvinoreva. Muzvinyorwa, kune mienzaniso yetsika umo rock crystal uye quartz inoshandiswa sezvinhu zvakasvibiswa kumiririra hupenyu, mano emashiripiti, uye kubatana kwemadzitateguru. " vakadaro vatsvakurudzi.
Kunyangwe isu tisingazive zvechokwadi kuti zvombo izvi zvaishandisirwei, kuwanikwa kwavo uye kutsvagurudza zvinopa tarisiro inonakidza mumasangano epamberi evaigara pasi pano makore anopfuura zviuru zvishanu apfuura.
