Al'adar alchemy ta samo asali tun zamanin da, amma kalmar kanta ta samo asali ne daga farkon karni na 17. Ya fito daga kimiya na Larabci da kalmar Farisa ta farko al-kimia, ma'ana " fasaha na watsa karafa "— a wasu kalmomi, canza wani karfe zuwa wani.
A cikin tunanin alchemical, karafa sun kasance cikakke archetypes waɗanda ke wakiltar mahimman kaddarorin kowane abu. Har ila yau, sun kasance masu amfani—masu ilimin kimiyyar lissafi na iya mayar da ƙananan ƙarfe kamar ƙarfe ko gubar zuwa zinariya, azurfa ko tagulla ta hanyar haɗa su da wasu abubuwa kuma suna dumama su da wuta.
Alchemists sun yi imanin cewa waɗannan matakai sun bayyana wani abu game da yanayin kwayoyin halitta: An yi tunanin gubar wani nau'in Saturn ne; Iron, Mars; Copper, Venus; da sauransu. Binciken "elixir na rayuwa" yana ci gaba a yau tsakanin masana kimiyyar halittu da masu ilimin halittu waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin fahimtar yadda sel da kwayoyin halitta suke tsufa.
Akwai wani masanin ilimin kimiyyar zamani mai suna Paracelsus wanda ya yi imanin cewa yana yiwuwa a ƙirƙiri “dabba mai hankali” da aka halitta ta hanyar wucin gadi, ko ɗan adam, wanda ya kira Homunculus. A cewar Paracelsus, "Homunculus yana da dukkan gaɓoɓi da siffofi na yaron da mace ta haifa, sai dai ƙarami."
Alchemy ya kasance cikin wayewa da yawa na zamanin da, daga China zuwa tsohuwar Girka, suna ƙaura zuwa Masar a lokacin Hellenistic. Daga baya, kusan tsakiyar karni na 12, an dawo da ita zuwa Turai ta hanyar fassarar Latin na rubutun Larabci.
Akwai manyan manufofi guda hudu a cikin alchemy. Ɗaya daga cikinsu zai zama "canzawa" na ƙananan karafa zuwa zinariya; ɗayan don samun "Elixir na Dogon Rai", magani wanda zai warkar da dukkan cututtuka, har ma da mafi munin duka (mutuwa), kuma ya ba da tsawon rai ga waɗanda suka sha shi.
Ana iya cimma dukkan burin biyu ta hanyar samun Dutsen Falsafa, wani abu na sufi. Manufar ta uku ita ce ƙirƙirar rayuwar ɗan adam ta wucin gadi, homunculus.
Akwai masu binciken da suka gano Elixir na Dogon Rayuwa a matsayin wani abu da jikin mutum ya samar da kansa. Asalin wannan abu da ba a san shi ba da ake kira "Adrenochrome" shine glandar adrenalin daga jikin mutum mai rai. Akwai nassoshi game da wannan abin ban mamaki kuma a cikin al'adar Tai Chi Chuan.
Elizabeth Báthory, shahararriyar Kiɗar Jini, mace ce mai martaba a ƙasar Hungary a ƙarni na 17 wadda ta kashe ’yan mata da yawa a kai a kai (600 bisa ga dukkan alamu), ba kawai ta azabtar da su ba, amma ta hanyar ɗaukar jininsu don ci da wanka don ta ci gaba da ƙuruciyarta.
Kalmar homunculus ta fara bayyana a cikin rubuce-rubucen alchemical waɗanda aka danganta ga Paracelsus (1493 - 1541), likitan Swiss-Jamus kuma masanin falsafa, ɗan juyin juya hali na zamaninsa. A cikin aikinsa "De natura rerum" (1537), jimillar hanyarsa don ƙirƙirar homunculus, ya rubuta:
“Bari maniyyin mutum ya ƙazantar da kansa a cikin wani ɗanɗano mai rufaffiyar tsummoki tare da mafi girman ɓarna na venter equinus [taki na doki] har tsawon kwana arba’in, ko har sai ya fara rayuwa, ya motsa, kuma ya firgita, wanda za a iya gani cikin sauƙi. . amma yafi karami.”
Akwai ma ragowar rubuce-rubucen da suka rayu har zuwa yau waɗanda ke ɗauke da sinadarai don ƙirƙirar homunculus, kuma yana da ban mamaki.
Akwai wasu hanyoyin yin homunculus, amma babu wanda yake da ruɗani ko ɗanyen kamar waɗannan. Zurfafa zurfafa cikin sufanci, samuwar waɗannan dodanni ya zama mafi ruɗi da ban mamaki, har zuwa lokacin da waɗanda aka fara kawai suke fahimtar abin da ake faɗa.
Bayan lokacin Paracelsus, homunculus ya ci gaba da bayyana a cikin rubuce-rubucen alchemical. Kirista Rosenkreutz's "Auren Kimiyya" (1616), alal misali, ya ƙare da halittar namiji da mace da aka sani da biyu na Homunculi.
Rubutun misalan yana nuna wa mai karatu cewa babban burin alchemy ba shine chrysope ba, sai dai tsarar ɗan adam na sifofin ɗan adam.
A cikin 1775, Count Johann Ferdinand von Kufstein, tare da Abbé Geloni, wani limamin Italiya, an ce sun ƙirƙiri homunculi goma tare da ikon hango makomar gaba, wanda von Kufstein ya ajiye a cikin kwantena gilashi a masaukin Masonic a Vienna.
Homunculi bayi ne masu amfani sosai, masu iya ba kawai tashin hankali na jiki ba, har ma da iyawar sihiri da yawa.
A mafi yawan lokuta, homunculi bayi ne masu aminci, har ma suna kashewa a kan umarni idan masanin ilimin lissafi ya ba da umarni. Amma, akwai tatsuniyoyi da dama na malaman alchem da suke yi wa halittarsu rikon sakainar kashi, har ta kai ga hamshakin ya juyo ga ubangidansa a daidai lokacin da ya fi dacewa, ya kashe su ko kuma ya kawo babbar bala’i ga rayuwarsu.
A yau, babu wanda ya san tabbas ko Homunculus ya taɓa wanzuwa. Wasu suna ganin cewa boka ko boka ne ya halicce su, yayin da wasu ke ikirarin cewa gwajin mahaukacin masanin kimiyya ne ya yi kuskure.
An sami abubuwan gani da yawa na Homunculus tsawon shekaru, har ma a zamanin yau. Wasu sun ce suna kama da ƙananan mutane, wasu kuma suna kwatanta su da kama da dabbobi ko ma dodanni. An ce suna da sauri da sauri, kuma suna iya hawa katanga da rufi cikin sauƙi.
An ce Homunculus yana da hankali sosai, kuma yana iya sadarwa da mutane. Haka kuma an ce suna da barna sosai, kuma suna jin dadin wasa da mutane.
A karshen labarin, babu yadda za a iya sanin tabbas ko akwai Homunculus. Kasancewarsa har yanzu asiri ne. Duk da haka, tunanin ƙirƙirar ɗan adam ta hanyar wucin gadi ya ba mutane sha'awar shekaru aru-aru, har ma ya zaburar da wasu masana kimiyya don ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar irin wannan halitta.
Don haka, ko Homunculus ya wanzu ko a'a, tabbas ra'ayin yana da ban sha'awa, kuma tabbas yana yiwuwa irin wannan halitta ta kasance a wani wuri a duniya; kuma labaran da abubuwan da aka gani na su tsawon shekaru na iya zama na gaske bayan duk.
