Kabarin Daular Goma Sha Takwas ta sarki Tutankhamun (c.1336-1327 BC) ya shahara a duniya domin shi ne kabarin sarauta daya tilo daga kwarin Sarakuna da aka gano ba shi da kyau. Binciken da Howard Carter ya yi a shekarar 1922 ya ba da labarin kanun labaran duniya, kuma ya ci gaba da yin haka yayin da ake fitar da kayayyakin tarihi na zinare da sauran kayan alatu da aka gano a cikin wannan kabari. Kabarin da dukiyarsa sun kasance abin koyi na Masar, kuma har yanzu ana daukar gano kabarin daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan binciken kayan tarihi na zamani.
Duk da arzikin da ke cikinsa, kabarin Tutankhamun, mai lamba 62 a cikin kwarin Sarakuna, a haƙiƙa yana da ƙanƙanta sosai idan aka kwatanta da sauran kaburburan da ke wannan rukunin, cikin girma da kuma ado. Wataƙila hakan ya faru ne saboda Tutankhamun ya hau kan karagar mulki yana ƙarami, har ma ya yi mulki kusan shekaru goma kawai. Mutum na iya yin mamakin irin wadatar manyan kaburburan manyan sarakunan Sabuwar Mulki, irin su Hatshepsut, Thutmose III, Amenhotep III, da Ramesses II sau ɗaya a cikin su.
Ganuwar ɗakin binne ne kawai ke ɗaukar kowane kayan ado. Ba kamar yawancin kaburburan sarauta da suka gabata da kuma daga baya ba, waɗanda aka ƙawata da rubutun jana'izar kamar Amduat ko Littafin Ƙofa, waɗanda suka taimaka wa marigayin ya kai ga lahira, fage guda ɗaya daga cikin Amduat ne kawai ake wakilta a cikin kabarin Tutankhamun. Sauran kayan ado na kabarin suna nuna ko dai jana'izar, ko kuma Tutankhamun tare da gumaka daban-daban.
Wannan karamin girman kabarin Tutankhamun (KV62) ya haifar da hasashe. Lokacin da magajinsa, babban jami'in Ay, ya mutu, an binne shi a wani kabari (KV23), wanda mai yiwuwa an yi nufin Tutankhamun ne tun da farko, amma ba a kammala ba a lokacin mutuwar matashin sarki. An yi irin wannan gardama ga kabarin magajin Ay, Horemheb (KV57). Idan haka ne, ba a san wanda aka sassaƙa kabarin Tutankhamun, KV62, amma an yi iƙirarin cewa ya wanzu, ko dai a matsayin kabari mai zaman kansa ko a matsayin wurin ajiya, wanda daga baya aka faɗaɗa don karɓar sarki.
Ko menene dalili, ƙananan girman kabarin yana nufin cewa kayan tarihi kusan 3,500 da aka gano a ciki an jera su sosai. Waɗannan sun nuna salon salon gidan sarauta, kuma sun haɗa da abubuwan da Tutankhamun zai yi amfani da su a rayuwarsa ta yau da kullun, kamar su tufafi, kayan ado, kayan kwalliya, turaren wuta, kayan ɗaki, kujeru, kayan wasan yara, tasoshin da aka yi da kayayyaki iri-iri, karusai, da makamai. .
An gano tsohon kabarin Tutankhamun a hukumance a shekara ta 1922 amma tun daga wannan lokacin, masana suka yi kokarin yin bayani yadda ya kamata da dimbin binciken da aka samu jim kadan bayan haka.
Dauki misali duk waɗannan kayan tarihi da aka gano a cikin kabari. Ga mafi yawancin, ƙila ba za su zama na musamman ba kamar yadda mafi yawan sauran fir'auna su ma suna kewaye da wasu abubuwa masu ban mamaki, amma babu wani abu mai ban mamaki kamar waɗannan, a ce ko kaɗan.
Kawai kalli wannan bakon zobe da aka tono kusa da kan matashin fir'auna. Kayayyakin da aka yi amfani da su don gina su baƙon abu ne amma ko da baƙon da ya wuce wancan shine ainihin baƙon halittar ɗan adam da aka kwatanta a kai.
Don wasu dalilai, a cikin duniyar kimiyya, an yi imanin cewa an kwatanta gunkin Ptah akansa - yayin da a gefen zobe na baya akwai rubutun Amon-Ra (Allahn Rana, babban allahntaka na d ¯ a Masarawa).
Masarautar Masarawa da suka fallasa ta sun bayyana cewa wannan duk rashin fahimta ne kawai domin wannan shine kawai wakilcin Ptah, tsohon allahn Masarawa, amma har yanzu hakan bai bayyana baƙonsa ba kamar babu sauran siffofi na Allahn Masarawa ko da kama da wannan. don farawa da.
An ce zoben ya kasance tun daga shekara ta 664-322 BC kamar yadda muka sani kuma an ce tsohon allahn Ptah ya rayu a wannan duniyar tamu kimanin shekaru dubu biyar zuwa goma sha biyar da suka wuce.
A kowane hali, halittar da aka nuna akan zobe yana da ban sha'awa sosai kuma a fili yana da asali marar tushe - ta hanyar, a cikin tatsuniyar Masarawa, alloli suna da dangantaka ta kai tsaye da sararin samaniya. Kuma Fir'auna sun fito ne daga alloli na sararin samaniya. Wani abin sha'awa, bisa ga yawancin tsoffin majiyoyi, tarihin daular Masar ya samo asali ne tun dubban shekaru, fiye da yadda masana tarihi na zamani suka yi imani da shi.
Yana da ban sha'awa cewa allahn da aka nuna akan zoben yana riƙe da sandar allahntaka a hannunsa mai sihiri. An yi imanin cewa irin waɗannan ma'aikata za su iya sarrafa yanayin, karya duwatsu da kuma yin wasu abubuwan al'ajabi da yawa - kuma watakila kayan aikin fasaha ne.
An yi amfani da wannan zobe a cikin muhawara da yawa don tabbatar da gaskiyar cewa Masarawa na da sun dace da halittu na zamaninsu, kamar yadda suke bauta wa waɗannan halittu a matsayin alloli a lokacin.
Ana ajiye wannan zobe a gidan kayan tarihi na Walters da ke Baltimore (Amurka). Bisa bayanin da aka yi a gidan kayan gargajiyar, an saye shi a shekara ta 1930 a Alkahira.
