Sa-Nakht, babban fir'auna mai ban mamaki na tsohuwar Masar

Sa-Nakht Fir'auna ne, amma ba Fir'auna na yau da kullun bane wanda muke tunanin lokacin da muka ji labarin tsohuwar Masar. An bambanta Sa-Nakht a matsayin fir'auna na farko na Daular Masar ta Uku. Koyaya, an yi wallafe-wallafe da yawa inda aka san shi da Sa-Nakht, babban fir'aunan zamaninsa.

Yankin agaji na Sanakht a cikin yanayin bugun abokin gaba. Asali daga Sinai, yanzu EA 691 akan nuni a Gidan Tarihi na Burtaniya.
Yankin agaji na Sanakht a cikin yanayin bugun abokin gaba. Asali daga Sinai, yanzu ana nunawa a Gidan Tarihi na Burtaniya © Wikimedia Commons

Sa-Nakht, katon sarautar Fir'auna ya faru a 2650 BC, kasancewa magajin Jasesemuy, wanda wataƙila ya zama danginsa. Dangane da labarin, ya ci gaba da zama a kan gadon sarauta kusan shekaru goma sha takwas, tun daga lokacin ne kawai aka sani cewa ya auri Initkates.

A cikin 1901, jigilar kayan hakar ma'adinai a cikin hamada kusa da Beit Khallaf ya gano jerin kaburbura na Daular Uku. A cikin ɗayan su akwai ragowar mutum mai ban mamaki. Mai ban mamaki ba don tsayinsa ba, amma don tsayinsa na musamman zuwa lokacin, tunda yana auna kusan mita 1.87.

Ramses II mafi girma fiye da rayuwa sama da fursunoninsa yana kama su da gashi. Ƙarancin ƙyallen dutse daga Memphis, Masar, 1290–24 KZ; a Gidan Tarihi na Masar, Alkahira © O. Louis Mazzatenta / National Geographic Collection
Ramses II mafi girma fiye da rayuwa sama da fursunoninsa yana kama su da gashi. Ƙarancin ƙyallen dutse daga Memphis, Masar, 1290–24 KZ; a Gidan Tarihi na Masar, Alkahira © O. Louis Mazzatenta / National Geographic Collection

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan girman ya kasance na musamman na 'yan shekaru millennia. Don haka, an gudanar da bincike kan ganowa kuma an danganta ragowar ga Sa-Nakht. Godiya ga wannan, an san shi da Sa-Nakht, babban fir'auna. Koyaya, babu tabbas 100% saboda wannan ba shine asalin kabarin Fir'auna ba, wanda yakamata ya kasance a Abu Roash.

A cikin ilimin halittar ɗan adam, tsayi ya dace, saboda yana iya gano cututtukan da ke haifar da ƙima mara nauyi a cikin batutuwan. Wannan shine lamarin Sa-Nakht, babban fir'auna. Gabaɗaya, ana ɗauka cewa tsayi ya fi yawa a Tsohuwar Masar saboda kyawawan halaye na cin abinci. Koyaya, kasusuwan Sa-Nakht sun yi tsawo sosai.

Daga wannan lokacin, ilimin kimiyya da ɗan adam ya fito, tunda ƙasusuwansa ba sabon abu ba ne. Wannan ya jagoranci masana da yawa don kimanta ma'aunin kwanyar kwarangwal. An gudanar da wannan binciken ne a kan labaran da suka shafi jigon da kuma nazarin hotunan kwarangwal.

Lokacin kwatanta sakamakon binciken da aka gudanar tare da bayanan data kasance akan jikin ɗan adam na tsoffin Masarawa, a bayyane yake cewa fir'auna yana da ƙima sosai - gaba ɗaya ya saba. Tsayin ya yi tsayi fiye da na waɗanda aka yi wa rajista.

Tare da waɗannan karatun, an lura da wani ɓarna a cikin tsarin cranial, musamman a yankin mahaifa, wanda wataƙila yana nuna cewa ya sha wahala daga acromegaly. Wannan cuta ce da ke haifar da glandon pituitary ya mamaye sinadarin somatropin, yana haifar da ci gaban kwayoyin halittar.

kwanyar tsohon Fir'auna na Sanakht
Mai yiwuwa kwanyar tsohon Fir'auna na Masar Sanakht na Daular Uku. Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland

Acromegaly yana bayyana kansa a fuska, kai da tsawa. Bugu da ƙari, yana iya samun lahani a cikin viscera na ciki. Dangane da Sa-Nakht, babban fir'auna, ba zai yiwu a nuna ko cutar ta yi rauni ba, saboda fuskar ba ta lalace sosai ba. Koyaya, ba a sani ba ko Sa-Nakht ya sha wahala daga acromegaly tun yana yaro, wanda ake kira gigantism, ko kuma ya taso ne a cikin girma.

Ana ci gaba da gudanar da bincike kan Sa-Nakht, katon Fir'auna. An riga an hango nazarin ilimin halittar wannan dabi'ar, wanda zai tabbatar da ka'idar acromegaly (don bincika idan wannan a zahiri ne). Wannan yana yiwuwa ba zai yiwu ba, saboda dole ne a samo samfurin DNA cikin kyakkyawan yanayi don gwajin kwayoyin halitta - don haka ba za mu taɓa sanin dalilan girman sa ba.

Wasu manyan masu bincike sun ba da shawarar cewa girman Sa-Nakht mai ban mamaki na iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da labaran Littafi Mai-Tsarki na Nephilim ko manyan yaran mala'iku da matan Duniya.