Ngokuqhubekayo ezivumelanisa ekujuleni kolwandle, ama-ultra-black eel athathe abacwaningi njengoba abonakala ethuthuka ukuze asebenzise iqhinga lokucasha. Ngemisila yawo ekhanyayo, ama-eel ayakwazi ukusondeza inyamazane yawo ngaphambi kokuyishwabadela ngemihlathi esabekayo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezinhlobo ze-Anguilloidei (okuhlanganisa ama-eels amanzi ahlanzekile, ama-spaghetti eels kanye nama-onejaw eels akhanyayo) kwembula ukuthi umbala omnyama uthuthuke ngokuzimela izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Izibonelo zalokhu zihlanganisa okhokho be-pelican eel (I-Eurypharynx pelecanoides), ama-swallower eels, ama-bobtail eels, ama-snipe eels, nama-sawtooth eel.
Okutholwe ocwaningweni lwakamuva kushicilelwe kujenali I-Environmental Biology yezinhlanzi ngoJulayi 11, 2020, enikeza ukuqonda okungcono kokuziphatha kwezidalwa zasolwandle, eziningi zazo ezingakafundwa kabanzi.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ulwandle olujulile luyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, sisaqonda okuncane kakhulu ngakho, ngokusho kukaMike Ghedotti, uprofesa wesayensi yezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle kanye ne-ichthyology e-Regis University e-Denver. Uphinde waphawula ukuthi ukuhlola ulwandle olujulile kuyinqubo ebizayo futhi akwenzeki kaningi njengokuhlola ulwandle olungashoni.
I-bathypelagic, noma i-deep-sea, eel, ngokuvamile ihlala futhi izingele ekujuleni “kweNdawo Yaphakathi Kwamabili” yolwandle, phakathi kwamamitha angu-3,300-13,100 (amamitha angu-1,000-4,000) lapho kungenakukhanya kwelanga khona. Lobu bumnyama obungapheli buye bahlanekezela imizimba yama-eels ngezindlela ezixakile, umlomo we-pelican eel uyisibonelo esiyinhloko sokunwebeka okungenakuqhathaniswa nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Ukuphenya imisebenzi yalezi zidalwa ekujuleni okunjalo kuye kwabonakala kunzima ngendlela emangalisayo.
Emzamweni wokucacisa ukuziphatha okungaqondakali kwama-eels ajulile olwandle, abacwaningi babhekisisa izicubu zesikhumba se-pelican eel ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lapho behlolisisa, ososayensi babona umbala ohlukile we-jet-black owawusakazeke emizimbeni yezidalwa.
Uphenyo olwenziwa kwezinye izinhlobo ze-eel lubonise ukuthi izinhlobo ze-bathypelagic ezifana ne-swallower eels kanye ne-bobtail snipe eels zazinombala obumnyama kakhulu njenge-pelicans eels, kanti izimbongolo ze-deepwater pelagic, njenge-snipe eel nama-sawtooth eel, ezihlala emanzini angashoni zinezinga elincishisiwe. yalesi pigment.
Muva nje, ngokokuqala ngqá, i-pelican eel yathwetshulwa ngekhamera inokudla esiswini. Naphezu kokuntula kwazo ikhono lokubhukuda, kucatshangwa ukuthi lezi zilwane zisebenzisa imisila yazo ye-bioluminescent njengendlela yokuheha izinhlanzi ukuze zihehe ama-crustaceans amancane noma ama-squid, ezibese ziwadla.
I-pigmentation emnyama yalezi zilwane ezidla ezinye izenza zikwazi ukusebenzisa i-bioluminescence ukuze zizuze, okwenza amathiphu omsila we-pelican eel nama-swallower eel abukeke njengama-beacon akhazimulayo, ahehayo ebumnyameni. Lapho i-pelican eel isiyengele inyamazane yayo eduze ngokwanele, umlomo wayo unganwebeka ngokuphindwe kahlanu futhi ushwabadela ithagethi ngokudla okukodwa.
UGhedotti uthe kubalulekile ngenkathi siheha inyamazane ngokukhanya ukuthi isilwane singakuboni ukuba khona kwesilwane esizingelayo ngale kokuyenga. Ukwengeza, kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene lapho i-bioluminescence isetshenziswa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlanzi ngaphandle kokuyisebenzisela ukuheha inyamazane, futhi ezikhathini eziningi, kunenzuzo enkulu uma i-luminescence yakho ingabonisi ukuba khona kwezinye izingxenye zezinhlanzi. umzimba wakho.
Ucwaningo lwashicilelwa ekuqaleni kujenali I-Environmental Biology yezinhlanzi ngoJulayi 18, i-2023.
