Ngo-1903, umcimbi omkhulu owaziwa ngokuthi iDurbar wabanjelwa eDelhi, eNdiya, ukuze kukhunjulwe iNkosi. U-Edward VII's (kamuva owaziwa ngokuthi uMbusi waseWindsor) enyukela esihlalweni sobukhosi. Le nkosi yaphinde yanikezwa nesiqu esithi 'Emperor of India' futhi yayingukhokho weNkosi yaseBrithani esanda kushona iNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth II.
Nkosi Curson, owayenguViceroy waseNdiya ngaleso sikhathi, uyena owasungula futhi wabulala iDelhi Durbar. Icebo lokuqala laliwukuba iNkosi ize eNdiya izoqhuba amasiko okubekwa esihlalweni; nokho iNkosi yasichitha leso sicelo futhi yabonisa ukungabi nandaba nokuhambela lapho. Ngakho-ke, u-Lord Curzon kwadingeka aqhamuke nokuthile azokwenzela abantu baseDelhi umbukiso. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho konke kwaqala khona!
I-Delhi Durbar ka-1903
Umkhosi wokubekwa esihlalweni sobukhosi wathatha iminyaka ecishe ibe mibili ukuhlelwa futhi waqala ngo-December 29, 1902. Waqala ngodwendwe olukhulu lwezindlovu emigwaqweni yaseDelhi. Lo mcimbi ubuhanjelwe amakhosi namakhosana ahlonishwayo amaNdiya. UMbusi waseConnaught uqokwe ukuthi amele umndeni wasebukhosini waseBrithani kulo mcimbi obalulekile.
I-Delhi Durbar, eyayibekwe ethafeni elikhulu ngaphandle kwedolobha, yaqala ngoJanuwari 1, 1903 njengoba imikhosi yokumiswa yayiphelile. Lo mbuthano wawuhloselwe ukugcizelela ubuhle boBukhosi BaseBrithani nobukhulu boMbuso WaseBrithani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphinde ibonise amagugu ayigugu ayengavamile ukubonwa wonke endaweni eyodwa.
Izikhulu namakhosi amaNdiya zakhangwa ukubonakala kwala matshe ayigugu. UCurzon wajoyina imikhosi neqembu lamakhosi aseNdiya egibele izindlovu. Nokho, umbono ohlaba umxhwele kunawo wonke wawusazobonakala! Naphezu kokuba izindlovu zazihlotshiswe ngama- candelabra egolide emaphondweni azo ukuze zihlabe umxhwele izihambeli nezibukeli, kwakungonogada ababili abayiziqhwaga abantshontshe ukunakwa.
E-Durbar, amadoda amabili amade kakhulu ayephelezelwa iNkosi yaseJammu naseKashmir. Kwakusobala ukuthi babengabantu abade kunabo bonke ababephila ngaleso sikhathi.
Iziqhwaga ezimbili zaseKashmir
Iziqhwaga zaseKashmir zathatha ukunaka okuphelele kwesixuku njengoba zazibonakala zibukeka. Esinye seziqhwaga zaseKashmir sasimi endaweni ephakeme engamamitha angu-7 nama-intshi angu-9 (amamitha angu-2.36), kanti esinye sasilinganisa amamitha angu-7 nama-intshi angu-4 (amamitha angu-2.23) ukuphakama. Ngokwemithombo ethembekile, laba bantu abangavamile babengamawele.
Izibalo eziphakeme zalaba bantu ababili abaphawulekayo baseKashmir zenze umthelela omangalisayo eDurbar. La madoda angavamile ayengewona nje kuphela oshayasibhamu abanekhono eliphezulu kodwa futhi anikela ukuphila kwawo ekukhonzeni iNkosi yawo. Ekuqaleni bevela endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Balmokand, indawo abazalelwa kuyo ihlala ingekho emthethweni ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi igama liguqulwe phakathi nekhulu leminyaka noma ngaphezulu.
Abazalwane beza nezinhlobonhlobo zezikhali, njengemikhonto, izinsimbi, izingidi zikamentshisi ngisho namabhomu esandla, eDurbar; kwacaca ukuthi bakulungele noma yini engase ifike ukuze bavikele inkosi yabo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani. Iqembu ngalinye abebehambele lo mcimbi beliholwa yindlovu, inkosi inabaqaphi bayo behamba nhlangothi zombili.
Udumo lwabo olusabalele
Iqembu lezintatheli nabathwebuli bezithombe abavela emazweni ahlukene ababebuthene e-Durbar bathakasele ngokulinganayo lezi ziMdondoshiya zaseKashmir. Umuntu angaqonda kuphela umthelela omkhulu okufanele babe nawo ngo-1903. Ukuba khona kwabo kwabamba iqhaza elikhulu ekusunguleni udumo lweNkosi yaseKashmir emhlabeni wonke.
NgoFebhuwari 1903, iBrisbane Courier, incwadi yase-Australia, yanyathelisa isihloko esithi "Ukulandelana Kombusi waseKashmir kuhlanganisa ibutho elihle lamaCuirassiers kanye neGiant enkulu." Lesi sihloko sigqamise abantu ababili abakhulu abaziwa ngokuthi 'iziqhwaga zaseKashmir' abadlala indima yonogada namasosha ombusi waseJammu naseKashmir.
Umhambi waseMelika nomthwebuli wezithombe ogama lakhe linguJames Ricalton wayethakasele kakhulu lezi ziqhwaga zaseKashmir, ethwebula izithombe zazo ngesasasa elikhulu. Ezithombeni, u-Ricalton ubonakala emfushane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nomdondoshiya ababili, njengoba ikhanda lakhe lingafiki ngisho esifubeni.
Abathwebuli bezithombe uJames Ricalton noGeorge Rose bathathe uhambo oluya eKashmir ngenhloso yokuthwebula izithombe eziningi zalezi ziqhwaga zaseKashmir ezingajwayelekile. Phakathi kweqoqo labo kwakukhona isithombe esimangalisayo esibonisa ukuqhathaniswa phakathi komdondoshiya omude kakhulu kanye nemfishane encane, ebonisa ukugqama okukhulu ngobude bazo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi u-Ricalton naye wayekhona esithombeni ukuze abonise umuzwa wokubusa.
Umehluko wobude obungajwayelekile
Ukuhlangana nabantu abade kunamafidi angu-7 (2.1m) akuvamile kakhulu. Ukunemba, kunabantu abangu-2,800 emhlabeni wonke abadlula lokhu kuphakama, futhi u-14.5% nje wabantu base-US ufinyelela noma udlule amafidi ayi-6 (1.8m). Futhi ukwenzeka kwabesifazane abangamafidi angu-6 (1.8m) noma abade kakhulu e-US kungu-1% kuphela.
Njengamanje, isilinganiso sobude bamadoda emhlabeni wonke singama-intshi angu-5 nama-intshi angu-9 (okulingana namamitha angu-1.7), kanti kwabesifazane, singamafidi angu-5 nama-intshi angu-5 (cishe amamitha angu-1.6).
Ngemva kokufunda ngeziqhwaga zaseKashmir zaseNdiya: The Delhi Durbar of 1903, funda mayelana 'Isiqhwaga saseKandahar' esingaqondakali okuthiwa sibulawe amasosha akhethekile ase-US e-Afghanistan.
