Imiphakathi eminingi yasendulo yayinomqondo wesikhathi, yize yayingacacile. Ngokusobala, babazi ukuthi usuku lwaqala lapho kuphuma ilanga nobusuku lapho ilanga lanyamalala phezulu. Kepha amaSumeriya asendulo, ebuka isibhakabhaka, athuthukisa uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Babona ukuthi kungenzeka ukwahlukanisa amahora abe yimizuzu engama-60 nezinsuku zibe ngamahora angama-24, kuthuthukiswa izindlela zokulinganisa isikhathi ezisetshenziswayo namuhla.
Ubuhlakani bomqondo wesikhathi owenziwe ngabaseSumeriya
ISumer, noma "izwe lamakhosi aphucukile", lakhula eMesopotamiya, lapho namuhla kutholakala khona i-Iraq yanamuhla, cishe ngo-4,500 5,000 BCE. AmaSumerians akha impucuko esezingeni eliphezulu ngohlelo lwawo lolimi oluningiliziwe nokubhala, ezokwakha nobuciko, isayensi yezinkanyezi nezibalo. Umbuso waseSumeri awuhlalanga isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-XNUMX XNUMX, izwe lahlala lizinikele encazelweni yalo yesikhathi.
AmaSumeriya ekuqaleni ayethanda inombolo engu-60, ngoba yayihlukaniswa kalula. Inombolo 60 ingahlukaniswa ngo-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20 no-30 izingxenye ezilinganayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izazi zezinkanyezi zasendulo zazikholelwa ukuthi kwakukhona izinsuku ezingama-360 ngonyaka, inombolo engama-60 elingana kahle kasikhombisa.
Abantu basendulo nokuhamba kwesikhathi
Imiphakathi eminingi yasendulo yayinomqondo olinganiselayo wokuhamba kwesikhathi. njengokuhamba kwezinsuku, amasonto, izinyanga neminyaka. Inyanga kwakuyisikhathi somjikelezo ophelele wenyanga, kuyilapho isonto laliyisikhathi sesigaba somjikelezo wenyanga. Unyaka ungalinganiselwa ngokususelwa kuzinguquko zonyaka kanye nokuma kwelanga. Abantu basendulo babona ukuthi ukubuka isibhakabhaka kunganikeza izimpendulo eziningi emibuzweni eyayithathwa njengenzima osukwini lwabo.
Lapho impucuko yaseSumeriya ibola, yanqotshwa ama-Akkadi ngo-2400 BCE futhi kamuva ngabaseBabiloni ngo-1800 BCE, impucuko ngayinye entsha yathokozela uhlelo lwe-sexageimal olwakhiwa abaseSumeriya futhi balifaka ezibalweni zabo. Ngale ndlela, umbono wokwahlukanisa isikhathi ube ngamayunithi angama-60 waphikelela futhi wasabalala emhlabeni wonke.
Iwashi eliyindilinga nosuku lwamahora angama-24
Ngenkathi i-geometry ivulwa ngamaGrikhi kanye namaSulumane, abantu basendulo babona ukuthi inombolo engu-360 yayingeyona kuphela inkathi yesikhathi sokuhamba komhlaba okufanelekile, kodwa futhi nesilinganiso esifanelekile sombuthano, owenza ama-degree angama-360. Uhlelo lwe-sexagesimal luqale ukuqinisa indawo yalo emlandweni, lwaba lubalulekile kwizibalo nasekuhambeni kwemikhumbi (uMhlaba uhlukaniswe ngamazinga wobude nobude). Kamuva, ubuso bewashi eliyisiyingi lwahlukaniswa lwaba ama-quadrants amsulwa, ahlukaniswa ngokocansi anikeza amahora angama-24, ihora ngalinye ngemizuzu engama-60, umzuzu ngamunye unamasekhondi angama-60.
