I-OOPArt (Out Of Place Artifact) ibinzana elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza amakhulukhulu ezinto zakudala ezitholwe ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene emhlabeni wonke ezibonakala zikhombisa ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe okungahambisani nesikhathi esakhiqizwa ngaso. Ama-OOPArts ajwayele ukudida ososayensi abavamile, athumbe abacwaningi abanesifiso sokuthola eminye imibono, futhi avuselele izingxoxo ezimnandi.
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi kutholwa ama-OOPArts amaningi emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa, ngaphandle kokungabaza, into yaseCoso, i-spark plug eneminyaka engu-500,000 ubudala, inikeze abavubukuli ubunzima obukhulu kakhulu futhi yabamba abanye ochwepheshe.
ICoso Artifact: Ukutholwa okungajwayelekile
UMike Mikesell, uWallace Lanbe, noVirginia Maxey baphuma ngoFebhuwari 13, 1961, beyozingela ama-geode ngamatshe ayigugu namatshe ayigugu ngebhizinisi labo lezipho i-Olancha, California. Lokhu kwakungewona umkhuba ongajwayelekile ngoba babevame ukuqoqa amasampula amaminerali, ayehlolwa bese ekhonjiswa futhi athengiswe kwezohwebo zawo. Kodwa-ke, uMike Mikesell wathola i-geode ejwayelekile yesifunda ngalolo suku, kodwa "ngandlela-thile kwabukeka kuyinto entsha."
Ngokusobala, kwakungeyona i-geode yangempela ngoba uqweqwe lwayo lwangaphandle lwalwenziwe ngohlobo lobumba oluqinile lapho amagobolondo ezinsalela ayengabonakala khona, akukho okuxakayo uma sibheka ukuthi indawo yokutholwa yayimbozwe ngamanzi ezikhathini zasendulo.
Ngakusasa, uMike wephula insimbi yedayimane kusarha lakhe ngenkathi ezama ukusika i-geode ebukeka ingajwayelekile endaweni yakhe yokusebenzela. Ngenxa yalokhu wathola okuthile okushaqisayo: ngaphakathi kwe-geode, wathola into efana ne-artifact - into eyindilinga eyenziwe ngento efana ne-porcelain, enentonga yensimbi ecwebezelayo ecishe ibe ngu-2 mm enkabeni yayo. Eqinisweni, akekho ongayibiza nganoma yini ngaphandle kwe-plug plug. Kepha ingaba mdala kangakanani uma ibingashumeka ku-geode?
Lapho le nto ihlolwa nguPaul Willis, ngaleso sikhathi umhleli oyinhloko wephephabhuku i-INFO waveza ukufana kwayo ne-plug plug yesimanje njengaleyo esetshenziswa ezimotweni, eyayibeka ngokungenamkhawulo ukwazisa kwento leyo. UWillis uqobo wenza umdwebo ohleliwe wangaphakathi kwe- "geode".
Ukuhlola le nto isiyonke, equkethe induku yensimbi, ithusi elincane, nocezu lobumba, impela kunikeza isithombe sokuthi kuyizinsalela zemishini ethile kagesi. Eminyakeni eyalandela, uPaul noRonald Willis benza ucwaningo lapho basika khona inhlansi yesimanjemanje yesigamu bathola ukuthi zonke izingxenye zifana ncamashi nento eyinqaba yaseCoso.
'ICoso Artifact' ingaba neminyaka engama-500,000 ubudala?
UVirginia Maxey wathi ngaleso sikhathi isazi sokuma komhlaba sasihlolisise izinsalela (i-rocky wrapper) ezazimboza lo mshini nokuthi zazihlehlela emuva okungenani eminyakeni engama-500,000. Ngakho-ke kufanele uzibuze, yini ipulagi eliyenzayo ekwehleni komhlaba eminyakeni engama-500,000 eyedlule, emakhulwini ezinkulungwane zeminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kusungulwe imiphakathi ethuthukile?
Ngabe i-'Coso Artifact 'ibimbozwe ngezinto zokusetha ngokushesha, kune-geode?
Lo 'mqondo weminyaka engama-500,000', noma kunjalo, uphonswe inselelo, ikakhulukazi nguPierre Stromberg noPaul V. Heinrich, obefuna ukukhombisa ukuthi i-spark plug yakhiqizwa ngo-1920 futhi yagcotshwa ngento esetha ngokushesha kune-geode.
Okuwukuphela kwabantu abahlola ngokomzimba le nto kwakuyibo abathathu abayithola noRon Calais, owayeqiniseka ukuthi izibalo ezisemthethweni ezizungeze umlando wesintu zazingalungile. Sekuyiminyaka le mishini ibikhonjiswa emzini kaWallace Lane, omunye wabathathu bokuqala abathola, okwathi - ngokusho kukaHeinrich noStromberg - wanqena ukuvumela abanye bayihlole. Kuze kube namuhla ayaziwa ukuthi ikuphi manje.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, igama lesazi sokuma komhlaba esasithi ucezu lwaluneminyaka engu-500,000 lalingaziwa, okwadala nokuthi abaningi bangabaze ubuqiniso besifundo okwakucatshangwa ukuthi senziwa. Kodwa-ke, kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi uHeinrich noStromberg bakusho lokho ”Abukho ubufakazi obuqinile obukhombisa ukuthi abantu bakuqala ababetholile babefuna ukukhohlisa umuntu.”
Ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuphenya i-artifact uqobo, baphinde baveza iqiniso lokuthi, mhlawumbe, into eyimbozayo kwakungeyona i-geode, ngokususelwa encazelweni yokuqala yabatholi bayo bokuqala, abathi yayimbozwe uhlobo lobumba oluqinile noma idwala.
UHeinrich noStromberg babe sebeya kumongameli we-SPCOA (Spark Plug Collectors of America), iqembu labaqoqi be-spark plug abavela e-United States, nochungechunge lwezithombe ze-X-ray zento eyayishicilelwe yiCalais ngaleso sikhathi. Kusuka kulo soseshini, kuphethwe ukuthi bekuyiChampaign spark plug kusuka ngo-1920.
Labo abakuqinisekisa ukuthi i-spark plug kwakudala noma okwakudala babekwa ngokumelene nalesi siphetho, beqinisekisa ukuthi engxenyeni yayo engenhla iveze uphephela ongajwayelekile noma intwasahlobo engekho kuma-spark plugs anamuhla.
Ekugcineni, uHeinrich noStromberg baphendula bathi, ngo-1920, ipulaki i-'Champion 'yenziwa "ngegobolondo lethusi" elizohambisana nale ntwasahlobo, yize le ngxenye yayingafakwanga emiklamweni yakamuva.
'ICoso Artifact' ivezwe futhi ngo-2018
Ngokwamanye ama-akhawunti, ngo-Ephreli 12, 2018, uPierre Stromberg wathintwa umndeni womunye wabatholi bezinto zakudala. Bamnike ithuba lokuzihlolela mathupha le nto. UStromberg wavuma futhi waya endaweni yokuhlangana, lapho ahlangana khona nomndeni, owabe usudalula le nto.
UStromberg uphinde wahlela ukuthi leyo nto ihlolwe ngudokotela wesayensi yokwakheka komhlaba uCharlotte Schreiber womnyango we-Earth and Space Science we-University of Washington.
Ukuhlolwa kuqinisekise isiphetho sangaphambilini sokuthi le nto bekuyi-Champion spark plug kusukela ngawo-1920. Ebusweni bento, awekho amagobolondo noma imibhalo yegobolondo etholakele. Ngaphandle kokuthi imininingwane yocwaningo ayikashicilelwa ngokugcwele noma kuphi, futhi akekho owazi lutho ngayo.
Isiphetho
Yinye into eqinisekile: i-'Coso Artifact 'ayifani noMshini We-Antikythera, ocwaningwe kahle wafundwa futhi manje oboniswa eNational Archaeological Museum yase-Athens. Into yeCoso ayihloliwe ngumuntu ofanelekayo, futhi indawo akuyo manje ayaziwa. Ngisho nanamuhla, ukube bekungengenxa yendaba kamagazini i-INFO, ama-X-ray, nezithombe, bekungahle kuthathwe ngokuthi kuyindaba eqanjiwe.
