Iziqhingi zaseCanary zidume njengendawo efanelekile yamaholide, kepha izivakashi eziningi zivakashela lezi ziqhingi ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi kunezakhiwo ezimbalwa eziyinqaba zepiramidi ezibamba izimfihlakalo eziningi ezithokozisayo ezivela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ngubani owakha amaphiramidi? ngenkathi zakhiwa? futhi kungani zakhiwa? - Le yimibuzo engazange ithole izimpendulo ezigculisayo. Kodwa kunemibono emithathu ethokozisayo nempikiswano eshubile eqhubekayo.
Impicabadala yemibhoshongo yaseCanary Islands yaqala ukuvela ngumhloli wamazwe odumile, uThor Heyerdahl, ongakaze akwazi ukuxazulula inkinga yayo. Umhloli wezokuvakasha waseRussia nososayensi, uVictor Melnikov, naye uzame ngakho konke okusemandleni ukuxazulula le mpicabadala futhi wazithela phezu kwezinye izimfihlakalo eziningi iziqhingi eziqhosha ngazo enhlabathini yaso.
Ukushona kwelanga kabili
Isakhiwo samaphiramidi, esinefomu elifana nesitebhisi, siseningizimu-mpumalanga yesiqhingi saseTenerife, edolobheni laseGüímar, futhi sinwebeke ngaphezu kwamamitha-skwele angama-64 000. Imininingwane esemthethweni ukuthi amaphiramidi akhiwa eminyakeni engaba ngu-5,000 7,000-XNUMX edlule, ngesikhathi esifanayo naleso esiseGibhithe, eMexico nasePeru esifana kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abanye ososayensi bathi amaphiramidi akhiwa ngabalimi bendawo engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19. Bafaka amatshe, atholakala ezindaweni zokulima ezingaphezu kwezabo. Abadala bathi izinhlaka ezifanayo bake bakuyo yonke iTenerife, kodwa baphangwa futhi izinto zokwakha zasetshenziselwa amaphrojekthi okwakha.
Kepha amaphiramidi atholakala endaweni lapho kwakungekho ukulima khona. Indlela ezakhiwe ngayo nendawo ezikuyo yenza kubonakale sengathi zazisetshenziselwa amasiko, noma izizathu zezinkanyezi, noma zombili.
Ozijabulisa waseNorway, uThor Heyerdahl, wahlola imipiramidi ngawo-1990. Uhlale eTenerife iminyaka engu-7 futhi wathi amaphiramidi aseGüímar ayengaphezu nje kwenqwaba yemfucumfucu. Nazi izimpikiswano zakhe. Amatshe asetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwamaphiramidi acutshungulwa. Umhlabathi ongaphansi kwazo wawulinganiswa, futhi amatshe awazange aqoqwe ensimini, kodwa ayeyizingcezu zodaka lwentaba-mlilo olwalumisiwe.
KwakunguHeyerdahl owabona ukuqondaniswa kwezinkanyezi kwemipiramidi yaseGüímar. Uma ubungaya phezulu phezulu kwephiramidi ende kunazo zonke ngesikhathi sehlobo i-Summer Solstice, ubungabona into ethokozisayo - ukushona kwelanga kabili. Ekuqaleni, isibani sasivele sishiye ngemuva kwentaba, bese sikhuphuka siphinde sisethe futhi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, yonke imipiramidi inesitebhisi ngasohlangothini lwaso olusentshonalanga, futhi ngesikhathi seWinter Solstice, ilapho kanye okufanele ngabe ikhona uma ubungagcina ukuphuma kwelanga.
UHeyerdahl akazange akwazi ukunquma ukuthi imipiramidi mingaki futhi ukuthi ngubani owakhayo. Kepha wazimisela into eyodwa ngokuqinisekile - umhume owawungaphansi komunye wemipiramidi wake wakhiwa amaGuanches, okwakungabantu bomdabu eCanary Islands. AmaGuanches ayimfihlakalo eningi njengeziqhingi zamapiramidi. Zithathwa njengemfihlakalo enkulu yesiqhingi ngoba akekho noyedwa owake wabona ukuthi zivelaphi.
Inzalo yama-Atlanteans
Ngokwemisebenzi yombhali wasendulo waseRoma, uPliny Omdala, iziQhingi zaseCanary zazingahlali muntu phakathi nekhulu lesi-7 kuya kwelesi-6 BC, kepha kwakukhona amanxiwa ezakhiwo ezinkulu ezatholwa kuleyo ndawo. Izakhamizi zalesi siqhingi (ezibizwa “Indawo yokuhlala yababusisiwe”) kushiwo kwezinye izinganekwane zasendulo zamaGrikhi.
Yilapho kwavela khona umbono: Ingabe amaGuanches ayinzalo yama-Atlanteans ambalwa, asinda ngemuva kwenhlekelele yasenganekwaneni?
Noma isiko lamaGuanches licishe lalahleka ngokuphelele, futhi alilahlekile “Yachuma” phakathi kwempucuko yaseYurophu, izakhamizi zanamuhla zeziQhingi zaseCanary zikholelwa ukuthi igazi labomdabu lisageleza ngemithambo yabo. Bathi uma uhlangana nomuntu omude, onezinwele ezimnyama onamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, akukho kungabaza - kukhona owomdabu weqiniso wamaGuanches ophambi kwakho.
AbaseSpain abafika eCanary Islands ngekhulu le-14 babona amaGuanches njengoba nje kuchaziwe ngenhla. Ngokwemibiko yabo, lesi siqhingi sasihlala abantu abade, abanebala elikhanyayo, abanezinwele ezikhanyayo nabanamehlo aluhlaza. Ukuphakama kwawo okumaphakathi kwakungaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-180, kodwa kwakukhona “imidondoshiya” eyayingaphezu kwamamitha amabili ubude. Kodwa-ke, uhlobo olunjalo lomuntu lwe-anthropological lwalungajwayelekile kulezi zingqimba zomhlaba.
Ulimi lwamaGuanches lwaluyinto ethakazelisa kakhulu kwabaseYurophu. Babekwazi ukuxhumana bodwa ngaphandle kokwenza umsindo, behambisa izindebe zabo kuphela. Futhi babekwazi ukuthumela amasiginali komunye nomunye kuphela ngokushaya ikhwela, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho kusuka ebangeni lamakhilomitha ayi-15. Umlozi usasetshenziswa kuze kube namuhla yizakhamizi zesiqhingi saseLa Gomera. Izingane esikoleni nazo ziyifunda njengolimi lwazo lwendabuko.
Nayi ingxenye ethokozisayo. UNorseman, uJean de Béthencourt - umnqobi weCanary Islands, wabhala encwadini yakhe yezenzakalo zansuku zonke:
“ILa Gomera yizwe labantu abade. Bakhuluma kuphela ngezindebe zabo, njengokungathi abanalimi. ”
Lapho abantu baseYurophu bemangele bebona isizathu salolu hlobo lokuxhumana olweqile, bachaza: “Okhokho babo ngempela balahlekelwa yizilimi zabo njengesijeziso esithile, kodwa abakhumbuli ukuthi sasiyini ngempela isijeziso. Yiqiniso, amaGuanches ahlangana nabaseYurophu ayenezilimi zawo, futhi inkulumo evamile yathuthukiswa ngokuphelele, kodwa, ngomkhuba, baqhubeka bexhumana ngokushaya amakhwela. ”
Futhi ekugcineni, umbuzo omkhulu. AbaseYurophu abatholanga lutho olufana nemikhumbi yempi yamahhashi ephethe amaGaunches, kepha kunalokho okwakubonakala njengezikebhe zakudala. Cishe liqhele ngamakhilomitha ayi-100 ogwini oluseduze (eNyakatho Afrika), futhi kunzima ukufika lapho ngenxa yemisinga yolwandle. Ukudlula okuvela eYurophu kulula kakhulu, kepha kungamakhilomitha ayi-1200 ubude.
Manje-ke, avelaphi amaGuanches?
