URudolf Christian Karl Diesel, umqambi waseJalimane nonjiniyela wemishini, ogama lakhe lidume ngokusungulwa kwenjini ebizwa ngegama lakhe, kanye nangokufa kwakhe okuyimpikiswano ngaphansi kwezimo ezingaqondakali. Ngo-1942, ifilimu enesihloko esithi “diesel”Yenziwa isuselwa endabeni yokuphila kwakhe.
Impilo Yasekuqaleni KaRudolf Diesel:
UDiesel wazalelwa endlini uRue Notre Dame de Nazareth No. 38 eParis, eFrance ngo-1858 engowesibili ezinganeni ezintathu zika-Elise (née Strobel) noTheodor Diesel. UTheodor Diesel wayengumkhiqizi wezimpahla zesikhumba owaziwayo eParis. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iDiesel Family yahlushwa ubunzima bezezimali, ngakho-ke uRudolf Diesel osemncane kwadingeka asebenze eshabhu likayise futhi ahambise izimpahla zesikhumba kumakhasimende asebenzisa ibhala. Ngisho nasesikhathini esinzima kangaka, uDizili omncane wayaziwa esikoleni sakhe njengomfundi ogqamile futhi oncomekayo.
Ngo-1870, njengoba UFranco-Prussian War Ngenxa yokuhlubuka, umndeni wakwaDiesel waphoqeleka ukuba uhambe, njengamanye amaJalimane amaningi, ngoba uTheodore Diesel naye wayengumJalimane owayefike eParis evela edolobheni lase-Augsburg, eBavaria, ngo-1848. Ngemuva kwalokho, bahlala eLondon, eNgilandi, lapho UDiesel wafunda esikoleni sesiNgisi.
Ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi, nokho, umama kaDiesel wathumela uRudolf oneminyaka engu-12 ubudala e-Augsburg ukuba ayohlala nobabekazi nomalume wakhe, uBarbara noChristoph Barnickel. Lapho eneminyaka engu-14, uDiesel wabhalela abazali bakhe incwadi ethi ufuna ukuba unjiniyela, futhi wakwenza ngempela lokho.
Injini Yodizili - Into Engalibaleki KaRudolf Diesel:
Ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe, uDiesel wayesebenza ekwakhiweni nasekwakheni ifriji yesimanje kanye nesitshalo seqhwa, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ekuqaleni kwawo-1890, wanweba wadlulela emkhakheni wefriji. Uqale wasebenza nge-steam, ucwaningo lwakhe ekusebenzeni kahle kwezishisayo nasekusebenzeni kahle kukaphethiloli okuholela ekutheni akhe injini ye-steam esebenzisa umusi we-ammonia. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, nokho, injini yaqhuma futhi yacishe yambulala. Wachitha izinyanga eziningi esibhedlela, kwalandela izinkinga zempilo nokubona.
Kamuva, uDiesel wayekade esebenza ku “Rational Heat-engine ukufaka Esikhundleni se-Steam Engine kanye ne-The Combustion Engines” yangaleso sikhathi. Yileyondlela-ke lapho injini ye-Diesel yekucala leyasebenta kahle yagijima ngayo nga-1897. Manje seyikhonjiswa ku Umnyuziyamu Wezobuchwepheshe WaseJalimane eMunich.
Imininingwane Yenjini:
Isilinda esingu-1, ukushaya okune, ukushisa ngamanzi, umjovo womoya kaphethiloli
Okukhiphayo: 14.7 kW (20 hp)
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Fuel: 317 g / kWh (238 g / hp-hr)
Ukusebenza kahle: 26.2%
Inani lezinguquko: 172 min-1
Ivolumu yokuhambisa: 19.6 L
Ukuphakama: 250 mm
Unhlangothi: 400 mm
Yize uRudolf Diesel athola amalungelo obunikazi ngokwakhiwa kwakhe eJalimane nakwamanye amazwe, kubandakanya nase-United States, akazange abone impumelelo yakhe engaka ekusungulweni kwakhe njengoba sikwazi ukubona namuhla, ngoba wafa ngo-1913 kungalindelekile. Kwakuyisikhathi lapho ukusetshenziswa kwezinjini zikaDizili kwaqala ukunyuka umhlaba wonke.
Ukunyamalala Nokufa KukaRudolf Diesel:
Ngobusuku bangoSepthemba 29, 1913, uRudolf Diesel uyanyamalala esikebheni somkhumbi iDresden ngenkathi esuka e-Antwerp, eBelgium eya eHarwich, eNgilandi. UDiesel wagibela isikebhe seposi e-Antwerp eya emhlanganweni wenkampani i-Consolidated Diesel Manufacturing eLondon.
Uthathe isidlo sakusihlwa wangena emkhunjini wabe eseya ekamelweni lakhe ngezithuba zabo-10: 6, eshiya igama lokuthi lizobizwa ngakusasa ekuseni ngo-15: XNUMX ekuseni. Kodwa ngeshwa, akazange aphinde abonakale esaphila. Ngakusasa ekuseni ikhabini lakhe belingenalutho nombhede wakhe ubungalalisiwe, yize ingubo yakhe yokulala ibilaliswe kahle futhi newashi lakhe belishiywe lapho kungabonakala khona embhedeni. Isigqoko sakhe nebhantshi kwatholakala kusongwe kahle ngaphansi kukalayini wangemva kwensimbi.
Ezinsukwini eziyishumi kamuva, izisebenzi zesikebhe saseDashi iCoertsen zathola isidumbu sendoda eyayintanta eNorth Sea ngaseNorway. Isidumbu besisesimeni esithuthukile sokubola kangangokuba besingaziwa, futhi abasingenisanga esikebheni. Esikhundleni salokho, abasebenzi balanda izinto zabo ezifana nephepha lephilisi, isikhwama semali, ikhadi likamazisi, i-pocketknife, ikesi le-eyeglass nokunye nokunye okwembatho kamufi, base bebuyisela isidumbu olwandle. Ngo-Okthoba 13, lezi zinto zabonwa yindodana kaRudolf, u-Eugen Diesel, njengezikayise. Ngo-11th Okthoba kwabikwa ukuthi isidumbu sikaDiesel satholwa emlonyeni weScheldt ngumuntu owayehamba ngesikebhe kodwa waphoqeleka ukuba asiphonse olwandle ngenxa yesimo sezulu esasibi.
Kunemibono eyahlukahlukene yokuchaza ngokufa kukaDiesel. Abantu abathile, njengombhali wakhe wempilo uGrosser ngo-1978, bathi uRudolf Diesel wazibulala. Omunye umcabango uphakamisa ukuthi wabulawa, ngenxa yokwenqaba kwakhe ukunika amabutho aseJalimane amalungelo akhethekile okusebenzisa lokho akusungulile. Kodwa-ke, ubufakazi bunqunyelwe kuzo zonke izincazelo, futhi ukunyamalala kwakhe nokufa kwakhe akukaze kuxazululwe.
Ngemuva nje kokunyamalala kukaDiesel, unkosikazi wakhe uMartha wavula isikhwama uDiesel ayemnike sona ngaphambi kohambo lwakhe olubi, ngegunya lokuthi singavulwa kuze kube yisonto elilandelayo. Uthole amamaki angama-200,000 aseJalimane ngokheshi ― USD 1.2 million kusukela namuhla ― nezitatimende eziningi zezimali ezibonisa ukuthi ama-akhawunti abo asebhange cishe abengenalutho.
Kudayari, lowo Diesel weza naye emkhunjini, ngosuku lwango-29 Septhemba 1913, kwadonswa isiphambano, esikhombisa ukufa. Lokhu, nokho, akuwuxazululi umbuzo wokuthi ngabe waqeda impilo yakhe ngesandla sakhe, noma ukuthi waba yisisulu sobugebengu yini.
Isiphetho:
Ngo-1912, kwakukhona izinjini ezingaphezulu kuka-70,000 ezazisebenza emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini nakuma-generator. Ekugcineni, injini kaDiesel izoguqula umkhakha wesitimela. Ngemuva kweMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, amaloli namabhasi nawo aqala ukusebenzisa izinjini zohlobo lwedizili ezibenza bakwazi ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo kwezomnotho.
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukunyamalala kukaDiesel kwaphonsa umhlaba ngendaba. Wabonakala ecebe kakhulu ngenxa yamalungelo akhe obunikazi amaningi futhi wayeyi-titan yokusungulwa. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokunyamalala kwakhe kanye nesinqumo sokufa kwakhe, imininingwane emisha iveze ukuthi empeleni ubesezikweletini ezinkulu ngenxa yokutshalwa kwemali okungalungile futhi wahlaselwa impilo engeyinhle. Ngenkathi ukufa kwakhe kwakukhishwe ngokusemthethweni ukuzibulala, izimo ezingaqondakali ezazizungezile zagcina uDiesel esematheni iminyaka.
Ngesikhathi sokushona kukaDiesel, wayesendleleni ebheke eNgilandi lapho ayekhona khona lapho kwakuqalwa khona isitshalo esisha senjini edonsa ngodizili — nokuhlangana nebutho lasolwandle laseBrithani mayelana nokufaka injini yakhe emathunjini abo. Imibono yetulo yaqala ukundiza cishe ngokushesha: “Umsunguli Uphonswa Olwandle Ukuze Anqande Ukuthengiswa Kwemvume kuHulumeni WaseBrithani,” kufundeka isihloko esisodwa. Okunye obekukhathaza ukuthi uDiesel “Ubulawe Ngama-Agents avela kuBig Oil Trasti.” Kungenzeka ukuthi uDiesel waziphonsa olwandle — njengoba kwenzeka, wacishe waphuka — kepha imfihlakalo leyo ngeke ize ixazululwe.
