UDorothy Eady wayengumvubukuli waseGibhithe owazalelwa eBrithani futhi uchwepheshe owaziwayo ngempucuko yeGibhithe laseGibhithe elalikholelwa ukuthi wayengukuzalwa kabusha kompristikazi wasethempelini lasendulo. Ngisho nangamazinga aguquguqukayo e-eccentricity yaseBrithani, uDorothy Eady wayekhona eccentric ngokweqile.
UDorothy Eady
UDorothy Eady uthole indima ebalulekile ekwembuleni umlando waseGibhithe ngokutholwa okuthile okuhle kwezemivubukulo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwempumelelo yakhe yobungcweti, udume kakhulu ngokukholelwa ukuthi wayengumfundisikazi waseGibhithe empilweni edlule. Impilo nomsebenzi wakhe kuhlanganiswe kumadokhumentari amaningi, ama-athikili nakuma-biographies. Eqinisweni, i- New York Times wabiza udaba lwakhe “Enye yezindaba zanamuhla ezithakazelisa kakhulu nezikholisayo emlandweni wokuphindukuzalwa.”
Yisho ukuhluka kuka-Dorothy Eady
Ngenxa yezimangalo zakhe eziyisimangaliso, uDorothy uzuze udumo olwanele emhlabeni wonke, futhi abantu, abakhangwa izimangalo nemisebenzi yakhe engavamile, bamazi ngamagama ahlukahlukene: Om Seti, Omm Seti, Omm Sety noBulbul Abd el-Meguid.
Impilo yakuqala kaDorothy Eady
UDorothy Louise Eady wazalwa ngoJanuwari 16th ka-1904, eBlackheath, e-East Greenwich, eLondon. Wayeyindodakazi kaRuben Ernest Eady noCaroline Mary (Frost) Eady. Wayengowomndeni ophansi ophakathi nendawo njengoba ubaba wakhe wayengumthungi omkhulu ngesikhathi se-Edwardian.
Impilo kaDorothy yashintsha kakhulu ngenkathi eneminyaka emithathu ewa phansi ezitebhisini futhi kwathiwa udokotela womndeni ushonile. Ngemuva kwehora, lapho udokotela ebuya ukuzolungisa isidumbu somngcwabo, wafica uDorothy omncane ehleli embhedeni, edlala. Ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokho, waqala ukukhuluma nabazali bakhe ngephupho eliphindaphindayo lempilo esakhiweni esikhulu esakhiwe. Izinyembezi, intombazane yagcizelela, "Ngifuna ukuya ekhaya!"
Konke lokhu kwaqhubeka kudida waze wayiswa eBritish Museum eneminyaka emine. Lapho yena nabazali bakhe bengena emibukweni yaseGibhithe, intombazanyana yazidabula ezandleni zikanina, yagijimela egudwini emahholo, yaqabula izinyawo zezithombe zasendulo. Wayeselitholile “ikhaya” lakhe — izwe laseGibhithe lasendulo.
Umsebenzi kaDorothy ku-Egyptology
Yize engakwazi ukukhokhela imfundo ephakeme, uDorothy wenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuthola okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngempucuko yasendulo. Ngokuvakashela iBritish Museum kaningi, wakwazi ukukholisa labo abadumile Izazi zeGibhithe njengoSir EA Wallis Budge ukumfundisa ngokungahleliwe iziqalo zama-hieroglyphs asendulo aseGibhithe. Lapho kufika ithuba lokuthi asebenze ehhovisi likamagazini waseGibhithe owashicilelwa eLondon, uDorothy walibamba lelo thuba.
Lapha, ngokushesha waba iqhawe lobuzwe besimanje baseGibhithe kanye nobukhazikhazi benkathi yobuFaro. Ehhovisi, wahlangana nowaseGibhithe ogama lakhe lingu-Imam Abd el-Meguid, kwathi ngo-1933 — ngemuva kokuphupha “ngokuya ekhaya” iminyaka engama-25 — uDorothy noMeguid baya eGibhithe bashada. Ngemuva kokufika eCairo, waqamba igama elithi Bulbul Abd el-Meguid. Lapho ebeletha indodana, wayiqamba ngokuthi uSety ngokuhlonipha uFaro owafa kudala.
U-Omm Sety – ukuphindukuzalwa kuka-Dorothy Eady
Umshado wawususenkingeni, noma kunjalo, okungenani ingxenye ngoba uDorothy wenza ngokuya sengathi wayehlala eGibhithe lasendulo njengokuthi, noma kungaphezu kwalokho, umhlaba wanamuhla. Utshele umyeni wakhe "ngempilo yakhe engaphambi kokuphila," nabo bonke ababenendaba nokulalela, ukuthi cishe ngonyaka ka-1300 BCE kwakukhona intombazane eneminyaka engu-14, uBentreshyt, indodakazi yomthengisi wemifino nesosha elijwayelekile, owayekhethwe ukuba afundele umsebenzi intombi eyintombi. I-Bentreshyt enhle ngokumangalisayo ibambe iso le- UFaro Sety I, ubaba ka URameses II Omkhulu, okhulelwe ngaye.
Le ndaba ibe nesiphetho esidabukisayo kunokuba ifake isandla enkosini kulokho obekungabhekwa njengesenzo sokungcola nompristikazi wethempeli ongavunyelwe, uBentreshyt wazibulala. UFaro Sety odabukile, ethinteke kakhulu ngesenzo sakhe, wafunga ukuthi ngeke amkhohlwe. UDorothy wayeqiniseka ukuthi wayengukuzalwa kabusha kompristikazi osemncane uBentreshyt futhi waqala ukuzibiza "u-Omm Sety" ngokwezwi nezwi okusho ukuthi "Umama weSety" ngesi-Arabhu.
Izambulo eziphawulekayo zikaDorothy Eady emlandweni waseGibhithe
Enokwesaba futhi ehlukaniswe nokuziphatha kwakhe, u-Imam Abd el-Meguid wahlukanisa noDorothy Eady ngo-1936, kodwa wakuthatha lokhu ngentuthuko futhi, eqiniseka ukuthi manje usehlala endlini yakhe yangempela, akazange abuyele eNgilandi. Ukondla indodana yakhe, uDorothy uthathe umsebenzi noMnyango Wezinto Zakudala lapho asheshe waveza khona ulwazi oluphawulekayo lwazo zonke izici zomlando namasiko aseGibhithe lasendulo.
Yize ayethathwa njengomuntu oneqiniso, u-Eady wayenguchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe, esebenza kahle kakhulu ekutadisheni nasekumbeni izinto zakudala zaseGibhithe. Wayekwazi ukubhala imininingwane eminingi ngempilo yaseGibhithe lasendulo futhi wanikeza usizo oluwusizo olukhulu ekumbeni, edida izazi ezithile zaseGibhithe ngemininingwane yakhe engaqondakali. Ekumbeni, wayezothi ukhumbula imininingwane ngempilo yakhe yangaphambilini bese enikeza imiyalo efana nale, "Bamba lapha, ngiyakhumbula ukuthi ingadi yasendulo ibilapha .." Babezomba bese bethola izinsalela zensimu esele inyamalale.
Kumajenali akhe, agcinwa eyimfihlo kuze kube ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, uDorothy wabhala ngokuvakashelwa kwamaphupho amaningi ngumoya wesithandwa sakhe sasendulo, uFaro Sety I. Ubone ukuthi lapho eneminyaka eyi-14, wayephucwe ngumama. USety — noma okungenani umzimba wakhe we-astral, i-akh yakhe — wamvakashela ebusuku ngokuvama okwandayo eminyakeni edlule. Izifundo zamanye ama-akhawunti wokuphindukuzalwa zivame ukuphawula ukuthi kulezi zindaba ezibonakala zinothando isithandwa sasebukhosini sivame ukubandakanyeka. UDorothy wayevame ukubhala ngoFaro wakhe ngendlela eyiqiniso, efana nokuthi, "Ubukhosi buye bawela isikhashana kodwa abakwazanga ukuhlala - ubephethe idili e-Amenti (ezulwini)."
Igalelo likaDorothy Eady emkhakheni wakhe lalithi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izimangalo zakhe zokukhumbula impilo edlule, nokukhulekela kwakhe onkulunkulu basendulo abanjengo-Osiris, akusabakhathazi ozakwabo. Ulwazi lwakhe ngempucuko efile kanye namanxiwa azungeze impilo yabo yansukuzonke kwazuza inhlonipho yochwepheshe abasebenzisana nabo abasebenzisa ngokugcwele izimo ezingenakubalwa lapho "inkumbulo" yakhe ibenza bakwazi ukwenza okutholakele okubalulekile, ugqozi obekungeke kuchazwe ngokunengqondo.
Ngaphezu kokunikeza lolu sizo oluyigugu phakathi nokumbiwa, uDorothy wahlela ngokuhlelekile ukutholwa kwemivubukulo okwenziwa yena nabanye. Usebenze nomvubukuli waseGibhithe uSelim Hassan, emsiza ngezincwadi zakhe. Ngo-1951, wajoyina abasebenzi be- USolwazi Ahmed Fakhry eDahshur.
Esiza uFakhry ekuhloleni kwakhe izinkambu zepiramidi zeMemphite Necropolis enkulu, uDorothy wanikeza ulwazi kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kokuhlela okube lusizo olukhulu ekulungisweni kwamarekhodi asensimini nasemibikweni yokugcina eshicilelwe lapho ekugcineni ivele iphrintiwe. Ngo-1952 nango-1954, ukuvakasha kukaDorothy ethempelini elikhulu e-Abydos kwamqinisekisa ukuthi ukukholelwa kwakhe isikhathi eside ukuthi wayekade engumfundisikazi lapho empilweni edlule kwakuyiqiniso impela.
Impilo yomhlalaphansi kaDorothy Eady
Ngo-1956, ngemuva kokuncenga ukuba adluliselwe e-Abydos, uDorothy wakwazi ukusebenza lapho esabelweni esihlala njalo. "Nganginenjongo eyodwa kuphela empilweni," esho, "futhi lokho kwakuwukuya e-Abydos, ukuhlala e-Abydos, nokungcwatshwa e-Abydos." Yize ayehlelelwe ukuthatha umhlalaphansi ngo-1964 eneminyaka engama-60, uDorothy wenza icala eliqinile elizogcinwa kubasebenzi iminyaka emihlanu eyengeziwe.
Lapho ekugcineni ethatha umhlalaphansi ngo-1969, waqhubeka nokuhlala emzaneni ompofu wase-Araba el-Madfuna eduze kwase-Abydos lapho ayekade ejwayelene nabavubukuli kanye nabavakashi ngokufanayo. Njengoba ayezondla ngempesheni enganakwa engaba amaRandi angaba ngu-30 ngenyanga, wayehlala ngokulandelana kwezindlu zabalimi ezazakhiwe ngezitini zodaka okwabelwana ngazo amakati, izimbongolo nezinyoka ezifuywayo.
Ubephila ngokuncela itiye le-mint, amanzi angcwele, amavithamini enja, nomthandazo. Imali ethe xaxa ivela ekuthengiseni izivakashi zemihlobiso yakhe yezinaliti yonkulunkulu baseGibhithe, izigcawu ezivela ethempelini lase-Abydos, kanye nemidwebo yama-cartoon yama-hieroglyphic. U-Eady ubengabiza indlu yakhe encane enezitini zodaka ngokuthi “i-Omm Sety Hilton.”
Ukuhamba nje okufishane usuka ethempelini, uchithe amahora amaningi lapho eminyakeni yakhe yokwehla, echaza ngobuhle bayo kubavakashi futhi ehlanganyela nemininingwane yakhe eminingi nabavubukuli abavakashile. Omunye wabo, uJames P. Allen, weSikhungo Sokucwaninga SaseMelika eCairo, umchaze njengomuntu ongcwele ophethe i-Egyptology, wathi, "Angazi ngomvubukuli waseMelika eGibhithe ongamhloniphi."
Ukufa kukaDorothy Eady - Om Seti
Eminyakeni yakhe yokugcina, impilo kaDorothy yaqala ukuntengantenga njengoba esinda ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, idolo eliphukile, i-phlebitis, isifo sohudo nezinye izifo eziningi. Ezacile futhi ebuthaka kodwa ezimisele ngokuqeda uhambo lwakhe lokufa e-Abydos, wabheka emuva empilweni yakhe engajwayelekile, ephikelela, “Bekungaphezu kokufanele. Angifuni ukushintsha noma yini. ”
Ngenkathi indodana yakhe uSety, owayesebenza ngaleso sikhathi eKuwait, emmema ukuba azohlala naye nezingane zakhe eziyisishiyagalombili, uDorothy wasenqaba isicelo sakhe, emtshela ukuthi usehlale eduze kwase-Abydos iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili futhi uzimisele ngokufa futhi wangcwatshwa lapho. UDorothy Eady washona ngo-Ephreli 21, 1981, edolobhaneni eliseduze nethempeli elingcwele lase-Abydos.
Ngokuhambisana nesiko lasendulo laseGibhithe, ithuna lakhe ngasentshonalanga yensimu yakhe lalinomfanekiso oqoshiwe we-Isis ovule amaphiko akhe. U-Eady wayenesiqiniseko sokuthi ngemuva kokushona kwakhe umoya wakhe uzongena esangweni elibheke eNtshonalanga ukuze uphinde uhlangane nabangane ayebazi empilweni. Lokhu kuphila okusha kwakuchazwe ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka ngaphambili kumaPyramid Texts, njengenye ye- “Ulele ukuze avuke, afe ukuze aphile.”
Empilweni yakhe yonke, uDorothy Eady wayelokhu egcina amadayari akhe futhi wabhala izincwadi eziningi ezazigxile emlandweni waseGibhithe nasempilweni yakhe yokuphindukuzalwa. Ezinye zazo ezibalulekile yilezi: I-Abydos: Idolobha Elingcwele laseGibhithe lasendulo, Ama-Abydos ka-Omm Sety futhi IGibhithe Eliphilayo lika-Omm Sety: Ukusinda Ezindleleni Ezivela Ezikhathini ZikaFaro.
