Isiqhingi saseSpain iMenorca sisentshonalanga yeMedithera futhi siyisiqhingi esisempumalanga yeqembu leBalearic. Yisiqhingi esincane, esinamadwala esilinganisa amakhilomitha angama-50 ububanzi ububanzi baso. Yize lesi siqhingi siyichashaza olwandle olukhulu, sihehe abavubukuli abaningi ngenxa yama-megaliths angama-35 angaqondakali asakazeke kuso sonke isiqhingi. Ukubheka la ma-megaliths, aqanjwe endaweni njengama-taula, futhi ajwayela ngokushesha. Ama-taula aseMenorca abukeka ngokufana ngokuphawulekayo ne-megalith edumile yaseNgilandi ebizwa nge-Stonehenge nethempeli elidala kunawo wonke emhlabeni, iGobekli Tepe yaseTurkey.
Umsuka nenhloso yama-taula akwaziwa, yize kuyimisebenzi yabantu bangaphambi komlando. Kube nemibono eminingana ezungeze imfihlakalo yama-taula, imvamisa egxila enjongweni yezenkolo noma yezinkanyezi. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi bawuphawu lwenkolo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ama-taula ayesebenza njengethempeli lokwelapha. Ekugcineni, kunomqondo wokuthi ama-taula ayehambisana nokuhamba kwenyanga.
IMenorca isiqhingi esincane saseSpain esinabantu abalinganiselwa ku-94,000. Ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,175 (amamitha angama-358) ngaphezu kogu lolwandle endaweni ephakeme kakhulu, namakhilomitha angama-37 ububanzi ububanzi bayo. Ezikhathini zangaphambi komlando, iMenorca yabona amasiko nabantu abahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amaJuda, amaVandals, uMbuso WaseByzantium, Umqhele wase-Aragon, i-Islam, iGreat Britain neSpain. Abantu baseTalayotic abadale lezi zingqimba zezimbali abakaze babhale inhloso ngqo yezikhumbuzo zamatshe eziyimfihlakalo abazishiya ngemuva. Manje, eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane kamuva, abacwaningi nabavubukuli bazama ukuthola ukuthi kungani zakhiwa.
Yini iMenorca eyaziwa kakhulu ngayo ngama-taula ayishumi nantathu. Igama elithi taula lisho “itafula” ngesiCatalan, okungezinye zezilimi eziyinhloko zeMenorca. Ama-taula amise okwe-T, anetshe elikhulu eliyisicaba eliqondile, aqhwakele etsheni elide eliqondile, futhi azungezwe udonga olumise u-U. Ama-taula amade kakhulu afinyelela kumamitha ayi-12 ukuphakama (3.7 metres). Kwaphela iminyaka eminingi kukholakala ukuthi ama-taula ambozwe ngophahla. Ekugcineni, nokho, abacwaningi bavumile ukuthi izakhiwo azibandakanyi uphahla. Ubufakazi obutholakalayo bukhombisa ukuthi umgodi womlilo ungaphambi kwe-taula, lapho uphahla lwalungeke lusebenze khona.
AmaTaula yinto okufanele ayithande, uma kubhekwa ukuthi yakhiwa kudala ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwemishini esindayo noma ezinye izindlela zokusiza ngomsebenzi osindayo. Kuyathakazelisa ukucabanga ukuthi okhokho bethu bangaphambi komlando bakwazi kanjani ukuphakamisa la matshe amakhulu endaweni yawo, bakha izakhiwo ezilinganiselwe kahle ezizokuma isikhathi eside.
AmaTaula kukholakala ukuthi akhiwe esikhathini esithile phakathi kuka-1000-3000 BC yisiko lamaTalayotic. Abaningi bazamile ukuthola ukuthi kungani ama-taula akhiwa nokuthi kubaluleke ngani. Ngokusobala, isakhiwo esizothatha umzamo onjalo ukudala sizosebenzela injongo ebalulekile kulabo abakha. Kunemibono eminingana mayelana nenhloso ama-taula asebenza ngayo, ngayinye inikeza ukuqonda okungaba khona ngamasiko nendlela yokuphila yabantu baseTalayotic.
Ithempeli likaNkulunkulu Wenkunzi
Omunye umbono uthi ama-taula ayesebenza njengethempeli likankulunkulu wabantu baseTalayotic. Azikho izinkomba zokuthi bakhonza yiphi inkolo noma lokho abakubiza ngokuthi unkulunkulu wabo, kepha ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokumba kuye kwaholela omunye wabaphenyi ukuthi athi kungenzeka ukuthi babekhonza unkulunkulu wenkunzi. Abaphenyi babemba isiza esaziwa ngokuthi yi "Torralba d'en Salort" ngesikhathi behlangana nesithombe esenziwe ngethusi, okungenzeka ukuthi sasihleli eshalofini ngaphakathi kwe- "Torralba d'en Salortas" into ekhulekelwayo. Le nkunzi itholakale phakathi kwezinye izinto zobuciko okuthiwa zifana nezinto zokukhulekela ezitholakala esontweni namuhla. Inkunzi ibaluleke ngokukhethekile ngoba abantu bokuqala abake bahlala eMenorca babevela eKrethe, futhi inkunzi yadlala indima enkulu emasikweni ayo. Isazi semivubukulo saseSpain uJ.Mascaró Pasarius waba ngowokuqala ukuphakamisa umqondo kankulunkulu wenkunzi, onamapuleti amele ubuso nezimpondo zaleyo nkunzi. Le mbono ayizange yamukelwe kabanzi.
Ukuphulukisa Ithempeli - IConstellation Centaurus
Enye inkolelo ukuthi ama-taula ayindawo yokwelashwa. Ngaphansi kwalo mbono, ama-taula abhekiswe enkanyezini yeCentaurus. Umbono wokuphulukisa uqiniswe yizinto ezitholwe ngesikhathi kumbiwa ama-taula. Kulokho kumbiwa, isithombe saseGibhithe sitholakale siqukethe umbhalo we-hieroglyphics ofundeka kanje, "Ngingu-Imhotep unkulunkulu wezokwelapha." Nesigqoko sehhashi sethusi esimele unkulunkulu wezokwelapha waseGrisi, u-Asclepius. Eminyakeni edlule, i-constauration Centaurus yaba nzima ukubona futhi yayingasabonakali nhlobo ngo-1000 BC Lokhu kungachaza ekugcineni ukulahlwa kwama-taula, njengoba kungasasebenzi lapho i-constellation yeCentaurus ingasabonakali ku-Talayotic kwakungabantu .
Umbono weFenn Moon
Ngo-1930 umvubukuli waseJalimane, umcwaningi nomdwebi, uWaldemar Fenn, weza eMenorca wafunda umlando wayo. Wayethandwa yisiko lasendulo futhi wahlala eMenorca impilo yakhe yonke. Ekugcineni uFenn wabhala izincwadi ezimbili mayelana neMenorca nama-taula. Umbono wakhe uthathwa ngabacwaningi abathile njengokuphikisana okuyiqiniso kakhulu ngoba kubonakala kuchaza kahle kakhulu ama-taula ayishumi nantathu athintekile esiqhingini. I-taula kuphela engahambisani nombono wakhe kwakuyi-megalith esenyakatho yesiqhingi.
Ezifundweni zikaFenn, uqaphele umdwebo wangaphambi komlando owawutholakala eMenorca owawukhombisa ukuhunyushwa okunembile kwemilaza. Lokhu kwamqinisekisa ukuthi wayesebenzisana nesiko elase likhulise intshisekelo enkulu kwezesayensi yezinkanyezi.
UFenn uphinde wabona ukuthi ama-taula wonke abhekane nohlangothi oluseningizimu. Into yokuqala uWaldemar Fenn ayefuna ukuyifakazela ukuthi le ndawo kwakuyisikhumbuzo senkolo. Lokhu bekufanele kube lula ukukwenza ngoba amasiko amaningi kuwo wonke umlando abevamise ukudala izakhiwo zawo zenkolo ezikhomba endaweni ethile esibhakabhakeni. Kodwa-ke, uFenn wabona ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi akunjalo lapho kwembulwa ukuthi ama-taula awakhombisi ndawo ezaziwayo emazulwini.
UFenn ubuyekeze umbono wakhe. Uma ama-taula engakhonjwa kunoma iyiphi iphuzu elithile esibhakabhakeni, mhlawumbe-ke lenzelwe into esibhakabhakeni ehambayo. Le hypothesis ikhombise imiphumela emihle.
Lokho uFenn akufundile ukuthi uma othile ebheka emnyango we-taula ngoDisemba, inyanga egcwele ibizotholakala ekhoneni elingakwesobunxele phezulu kwetula. Ngonyaka olandelayo inyanga yayizoba ngu-1.5 degrees ngakwesokunene sendawo yayo kusuka ngonyaka owandulele. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-9, inyanga ibizoba ohlangothini oluphambene ngqo naphezulu kweTaula. Lolu hambo lweminyaka engu-9 lwaluzolingana nokunyakaza okungama-degree ayi-13.5 futhi empeleni kwakheke isiyingi esiyindilinga ngaphezulu kwesihloko se-taula. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-18, inyanga ibizowuguqula lowo mbuthano omncane futhi ibekwe ekhoneni elingakwesobunxele le-taula njengoba bekuyiminyaka eyi-18 ngaphambili.
UFenn uphinde waphawula inani lamakholomu azungeze i-taula. Kwakunamakholomu agcwele ayishumi nambili, kanye nekholamu elilingana nohafu owodwa. UFenn ubone ukuthi uhhafu wekholomu awufinyezwanga ngenxa yokulimala kwesakhiwo. Yenzelwe kanjalo ngamabomu. Ebuyela kumqondo wakhe wenyanga, uFenn wayazi ukuthi minyaka yonke kunezinyanga eziyishumi nambili noma eziyishumi nantathu ezigcwele. Isilinganiso, yiqiniso, kungaba yi-12.5. Le nombolo ichaza ukuthi kungani kunamakholomu ayi-12.5 azungeze i-taula.
Kodwa inkinga eyodwa yahlala. UFenn wayazi ukuthi izindawo eziyishumi nambili kwezingu-taula eziyishumi nantathu ziveza ngokunembile lokhu kuhamba kwenyanga. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile kwakuyi-taula enyakatho yesiqhingi. Lokhu bekungukuphela kwe-taula engabhekani nendawo efanayo namanye ayishumi nambili. Lokhu kwamxaka futhi kwavimbela umbono wakhe ekwamukelweni kabanzi.
Kwaze kwaba yiminyaka eminingi kamuva lapho abacwaningi befunda ukungena kulowo taula oyedwa engekho endaweni yayo yasekuqaleni. UFenn kungenzeka ukuthi ubeqinisile ngaso sonke isikhathi. UFenn wayekholelwa ukuthi lawa ma-taulas amakhalenda angaphambi komlando. Abantu basendulo baseMinorca abadale lawa ma-taula eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-3,500 XNUMX edlule balandela inyanga futhi babikezela ngokunembile ukusitheka kwenyanga.
Kepha njengoba sonke sazi, umbono uyinkolelo nje. Mhlawumbe ngolunye usuku sizofunda injongo yangempela yama-taula aseMenorca. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, zizohlala ziyimfihlakalo yangempela yalesi siqhingi esithandekayo.
