I-Royston Cave ingumhume wokwenziwa e-Hertfordshire, eNgilandi, equkethe izinto eziqoshiwe ezingavamile. Akwaziwa ukuthi ngubani owadala lo mgede nokuthi wasetshenziselwani, kodwa sekunokuqagela okuningi.
Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi yayisetshenziswa i-Knights Templar, kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kwakuyindlu yokugcina impahla ka-Augustinian. Enye inkolelo-mbono ibeka ukuthi kwakuyimayini ye-Neolithic flint. Ayikho yalezi zinkolelo-mbono eye yafakazelwa, futhi umsuka woMgede waseRoyston useyimpicabadala.
Ukutholwa kweRoyston Cave
I-Royston Cave yatholwa ngo-August 1742 yisisebenzi edolobheni elincane laseRoyston ngenkathi simba imigodi yokwakha isisekelo sebhentshi elisha emakethe. Wathola itshe lokugaya ngesikhathi emba, futhi lapho emba ukuze alisuse, wathola umgodi oholela phansi emhumeni owakhiwe, ugcwele inhlabathi nedwala.
Ngesikhathi sokutholwa, kwenziwa imizamo yokususa ukungcola namatshe agcwalisa umhume wokwenziwa, owalahlwa kamuva. Abanye baze bakholelwa ukuthi umcebo uzotholakala ngaphakathi kweRoyston Cave. Nokho, ukususwa kokungcola akuzange kuveze ingcebo. Nokho bathola imifanekiso eqoshiwe neqoshiwe exakile emgedeni. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukube inhlabathi ayizange ilahlwe, ubuchwepheshe banamuhla bebungavumela ukuhlaziya umhlabathi.
Itholakala ngaphansi kwezimpambano zemigwaqo ye-Ermine Street kanye ne-Icknield Way, umhume ngokwawo uyigumbi lokwenziwa eliqoshwe etsheni likashoki, elilinganiselwa kumamitha angu-7.7 ukuphakama (25 ft 6 in) kanye namamitha angu-5.2 (17 ft) ububanzi. Phansi, umhume uyisinyathelo esiphakanyisiwe esingunxantathu, abaningi abakholelwa ukuthi sasisetshenziselwa ukuguqa noma ukuthandaza.
Engxenyeni engezansi yodonga, kukhona eziqoshiwe ezingavamile. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi le mifanekiso eqoshiwe yayinemibala ekuqaleni, nakuba ngenxa yokuhamba kwesikhathi kusabonakala iminonjana emincane yombala kuphela.
Izithombe eziqoshiwe eziqoshiwe ikakhulukazi ezenkolo, ezibonisa u-St. Catherine, Umndeni Ongcwele, Ukubethelwa, u-St. Lawrence ebambe igridi abulawelwa ukholo kuyo, kanye nomuntu ophethe inkemba okungenzeka kube u-St. George, noma u-St. Michael. . Imigodi engaphansi kwemidwebo ibonakala inamakhandlela noma izibani ebezingakhanyisa imifanekiso nezithombe.
Izibalo eziningi nezimpawu azikahlonzwa, kodwa ngokoMkhandlu Wedolobha LaseRoyston, ucwaningo lwemiklamo esemgedeni lusikisela ukuthi le mifanekiso cishe yenziwa maphakathi nekhulu le-14.
Esinye seziphetho eziyinhloko mayelana nemvelaphi yeRoyston Cave, ikakhulukazi kulabo abathanda izinkolelo zendlovu, ukuthi lalisetshenziswa inhlangano yenkolo yenkathi ephakathi eyaziwa ngokuthi IKnights Templar, ngaphambi kokuchithwa kwawo nguPapa Clement V ngo-1312.
I-Archeology Engalungile igxeka indlela amawebhusayithi kuyo yonke iwebhu aphindaphinde ngayo lokhu kuhlobana phakathi kwe-Royston Cave kanye ne-Knights Templar, naphezu kobuthakathaka bobufakazi obuvuna inkolelo-mbono kanye nezimpikiswano ezivuna idethi yakamuva.
Abanye bakholelwa nokuthi lo mgede wawuhlukene kabili kusetshenziswa indawo yokhuni. Izibalo eziseduze nesigaba esilimele somhume zibonisa amaqhawe amabili agibele ihhashi elilodwa, okungenzeka kube izinsalela zophawu lwe-Templar. Isazi-mlando sezokwakha u-Nikolaus Pevsner sibhale ukuthi: “Kunzima ukuqagela usuku okuqoshwe ngalo. Ziye zabizwa ngokuthi ama-Anglo-Saxon, kodwa cishe ziyizinsuku ezihlukahlukene phakathi kwe-C14 ne-C17 (umsebenzi wamadoda angafundile).”
Enye inkolelo-mbono ukuthi i-Royston Cave yayisetshenziswa njengendawo yokugcina impahla yase-Augustinian. Njengoba igama labo lisho, ama-Augustinians ayeyi-Order eyakhiwe ngu Augustine, Bishop of Hippo, e-Afrika. Yasungulwa ngo-1061 AD, yaqala ukufika eNgilandi ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka UHenry I.
Kusukela ngekhulu le-12, iRoyston eHertfordshire yayiyisikhungo sempilo yezindela futhi isisekelo sika-Augustinian saqhubeka ngaphandle kwekhefu lapho cishe iminyaka engama-400. Kuye kwathiwa izindela zendawo zase-Augustinian zasebenzisa i-Royston Cave njengendawo epholile yokugcina imikhiqizo yazo nanjengendlu yesonto.
Okubaluleke nakakhulu, abanye bacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi yasetshenziswa njengemayini yetshe letshe le-Neolithic kusukela ngo-3,000 BC, lapho insengetsha yayizoqoqwa khona ukwenza izimbazo namanye amathuluzi. Kodwa-ke, ushoki kule ndawo uhlinzeka kuphela ngamaqhuqhuva amancane ensengetsha, ngokuvamile awafanelekile ukwenziwa kwembazo, ngakho lokhu kungase kubangele ukungabaza okuthile kulo mbono.
Ukwembula izimfihlakalo zaseRoyston Cave
Kuze kube manje, kusekuningi okungaqondakali ukuthi ubani owadala umhume waseRoyston nokuthi ngayiphi injongo. Kuhlale kwenzeka ukuthi noma yimuphi umphakathi owadala lo mgede kungenzeka ukuthi uye wawushiya ngesikhathi esithile, wawuvumela ukuthi usetshenziswe omunye umphakathi.
Imfihlakalo ezungeze umhume kanye nezithombe eziqoshiwe ngaphakathi kwenza i-Royston Cave indawo ethakazelisayo yezivakashi ezingathanda ukuqagela ngemvelaphi yalesi simangaliso sasendulo.
