Abavubukuli eNyuvesi yaseFlinders bahlonze izithombe ezingavamile zemikhumbi yaseMoluccan evela eziqhingini ezisempumalanga ye-Indonesia emidwebeni yobuciko bedwala engase inikeze ubufakazi bokuqala bemivubukulo yezivakashi ezivela eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ezivela kwenye indawo ngaphandle kweMakassar eSulawesi.
Ubuciko be-rock bunikeza ubufakazi obusha bokuhlangana okungaqondakali nokungarekhodiwe ngaphambilini phakathi kwabantu boMdabu base-Awunbarna, e-Arnhem Land kanye nezivakashi ezisuka eMoluccas ukuya enyakatho ye-Australia, ngokocwaningo.
Izikebhe ezimbili zamanzi ezivezwe ku-rock art izici ze-motifs ezivela ezinhlotsheni ze-Moluccan zemikhumbi yaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia ezingafani ne-Macassan prahus nezikebhe zaseNtshonalanga eziboniswa kwezinye izingosi zokuxhumana ezisenyakatho ye-Australia futhi zinikeza imininingwane eyanele ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zingobani.
Kanye nokuma kwazo okuhlukile nokucushwa kwazo, zombili izikebhe zibonakala zibonisa amafulege angunxantathu, amaphenathi, nokuhloba ngaphambili okubonisa isimo sazo sokulwa. Ukuqhathanisa le mifanekiso emibili nemikhumbi yamanzi erekhodiwe ngokomlando evela e-Island Southeast Asia kubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi yayivela empumalanga ye-Maluku Tenggara e-Indonesia.
Imifanekiso yobuciko be-rock yemikhumbi yaseMoluccan e-Awunbarna ingase isho ukuthi abantu boMdabu ababeye enyakatho bahlangabezane nemikhumbi efana nalena base bependa ubuciko bedwala lapho bebuyela ekhaya.
Ekutholeni kwabo okushicilelwe kumagazini i-History Archaeology, abacwaningi bathi uhlobo lwemifanekiso lusikisela izinga elithile lolwazi olujulile lomsebenzi wezandla ngokubukisisa isikhathi eside noma eduze noma ngokusuka ohambweni kuyo.
'Ubuciko bokulwa' baseMoluccan abahlonzwe emidwebeni cishe buhlobene nohwebo, ukudoba, ukuxhashazwa kwezinsiza, ukuzingela ngekhanda noma ukugqilazwa, futhi ukuba khona kwaleyo mikhumbi kusho izigameko zodlame ngokomzimba noma okungenani amandla.
Abacwaningi bathi noma iyiphi incazelo yokuhlangana okwenzeke phakathi kwabaculi bobuciko be-Aboriginal rock e-Awunbarna futhi le midlalo yasemanzini yaseMoluccan ayikacaci, futhi ucwaningo olwengeziwe lisebenzisa eminye imithombo yobufakazi noma izindlela ezihlukile lungase luqedele isithombe.
Umbhali wokuqala kanye nomvubukuli wasolwandle eNyuvesi yaseFlinders, uDkt. Mick de Ruyter, uthi lokhu kuhlonzwa okuyingqayizivele kwendiza yaseMoluccan kunikeza ubufakazi bokuhlangana okungaqondakali phakathi kwabantu boMdabu baseNyakatho ye-Australia kanye nabantu basesiqhingini esiseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, nakuba imfihlakalo isazungeza ubunjalo bayo. yale mihlangano.
“Lezi zisusa zisekela imibono ekhona yokuthi uhambo olungavamile noma lwengozi olusuka e-Indonesia luya ogwini lwase-Australia lwenzeka ngaphambi noma eduze nokuvakasha okuvamile kokudoba.”
Isazi semivubukulo yasolwandle saseFlinders University kanye nombhali kanye naye, UProfesa OyiNhlangano uWendy van Duivenvoorde, uthi abahloli bamazwe abangamaDashi eMoluccas babika maphakathi nekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa ukuthi izakhamuzi ezivela eziqhingini zazihamba ngomkhumbi njalo ziya ogwini olusenyakatho ye-Australia.
“Abahwebi baseDashi benza izivumelwano nabadala baseMaluku Tenggara mayelana nemikhiqizo efana negobolondo likafudu kanye ne-trepang okungenzeka ukuthi yatholwa ohambweni oluya e-Australia. Abantu baseziqhingini zaseMaluku Tenggara nabo babenedumela lokuba abahlaseli namaqhawe, kusukela ekupheleni kwempumalanga yaleli qoqo leziqhingi.”
“Kungakhathaleki ukuthi yisiphi isisusa esibangele ukupendwa kwale mikhumbi, ukuba khona kwale mikhumbi yokulwa kunikeza ubufakazi obuqondile bokuhlukahluka kwezinhlanga zamatilosi asuka esiqhingini esiseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia aziwa ngabaculi be-Arnhem Land futhi kukhombisa ngokuqhubekayo izinkinga ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwejenerikhi. Igama elithi 'Macassan' lokubonisa imikhumbi okungeyona eyaseYurophu."
"Ukuba khona kwemikhumbi yokulwa yaseMoluccan e-Arnhem Land kungasekela ukushiya okuphawulekayo endabeni eyamukelekayo yokudoba nokuhweba ogwini lwaseMacassan futhi kunemiphumela ebalulekile ekuqondeni ukuxhumana kwamasiko neNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia."
Umbhali kanye nomvubukuli, uDkt. Daryl Wesley, uthi le nhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yokuma, isilinganiso, ukumisa emidwebeni yobuciko bedwala ayikho emithonjeni yomlando yemikhumbi yamanzi yaboMdabu.
“Imidwebo esiyihlonzile ayibonakali imele izinhlobo zemikhumbi yamanzi yase-Europe noma yamakholoni eyaziwayo. 'Izikebhe' ezifanayo zimelelwe kubuciko be-rock kwenye indawo ogwini olusenyakatho ye-Australia, kodwa awekho avela nemininingwane efanayo naleyo yase-Awunbarna. Umuntu ozongenela ukhetho yisikebhe samanzi esinemininingwane yomdabu wase-Australia, izikebhe zaseTorres Strait Islands.”
"Lokhu kukhonjwa kwemikhumbi yempi yaseMoluccan kunemithelela ebalulekile ngenxa yezizathu okungenzeka ukuthi amatilosi avela kulezi ziqhingi ayesogwini olusenyakatho ye-Australia, futhi kamuva nokuhlangana kwamasiko ogwini lwe-Arnhem Land."
