Ngokusho kososayensi, i-nanotechnology yaqala ukutholwa eRoma lasendulo cishe eminyakeni eyi-1,700 290 eyedlule futhi ayisona esinye sezibonelo eziningi zobuchwepheshe besimanje obabangelwa umphakathi wethu osezingeni eliphezulu. Indebe eyenziwe esikhathini esithile phakathi kuka-325 no-XNUMX ingubufakazi bokuthi amasiko asendulo ayesebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane edlule.
INanotechnology mhlawumbe ingesinye sezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Ukuqhuma kobuchwepheshe kuvumele umuntu wanamuhla ukuthi asebenze nezinhlelo eziphakathi kwezikhathi eziyikhulu kuya kwezigidini ezincane kunemitha; lapho okokusebenza kuthola izakhiwo ezithile. Kodwa-ke, ukuqala kwe-nanotechnology kubuyela emuva okungenani eminyakeni eyi-1,700.
Kodwa buphi ubufakazi? Insalela yangesikhathi soMbuso WaseRoma eyayaziwa ngokuthi yi- “Indebe ye-Lycurgus”, Kubonakala kukhombisa ukuthi izingcweti zasendulo zaseRoma zazazi nge-nanotechnology eminyakeni engu-1,600 XNUMX edlule. Indebe yeLycurgus iyisethulo esivelele sobuchwepheshe basendulo.
I-Lycurgus Cup ibhekwa njengezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zezingilazi ezikhiqizwa ngaphambi kwenkathi yanamuhla. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ngokuqinile ukuthi indebe eyenziwe phakathi kuka-290 no-325 ingubufakazi obucacile obukhombisa ukuthi izingcweti zasendulo zazikhaliphe kangakanani.
Izithombe zezithombe ezincane zengilazi ezivezwe ku-chalice zibonisa izigcawu zokufa kweNkosi uLycurgus yaseThrace. Yize ingilazi ibonakala ngamehlo enombala njengombala oluhlaza ongathuli lapho kufakwa isibani ngemuva kwayo, ikhombisa umbala obomvu oguqukayo; umphumela ozuzwe ngokushumeka kwezinhlayiya ezincane zegolide nezesiliva engilazini, njengoba kubikwe yiSmithsonian Institution.
Ukuhlolwa kuveze imiphumela ethokozisayo
Lapho abacwaningi baseBrithani behlola lezi zingcezu ngesibonakhulu, bathola ukuthi ububanzi izinhlayiya zensimbi ezancishiselwa kubo babulingana nama-nanometer angama-50 - okulingana nenkulungwane eyodwa yenhlamvu kasawoti.
Lokhu okwamanje kunzima ukukufeza, obekungasho intuthuko enkulu ebingaziwa ngaleso sikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe bakhombisa ukuthi “Ingxube ngqo” wezinsimbi eziyigugu ekwakhiweni kwento kukhombisa ukuthi amaRoma asendulo ayazi kahle ukuthi ayenzani. Kusukela ngo-1958 iNdebe yeLycurgus ihlala eBritish Museum.
I-nanotechnology yasendulo esebenza ngempela
Kepha kusebenza kanjani lokho? Yebo, lapho ukukhanya kushaya ingilazi, ama-electron angawezindawo zensimbi avame ukudlidliza ngezindlela eziguqula umbala kuye ngesikhundla sombukeli. Kodwa-ke, ukumane ufake igolide nesiliva engilazini akukhiqizi ngokuzenzakalela leyo mpahla ye-optical eyingqayizivele. Ukufeza lokhu, inqubo elawulwa futhi iqaphelwe iyadingeka ukuthi ochwepheshe abaningi banqabe ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi amaRoma ayengakhiqiza ucezu olumangalisayo ngengozi, njengoba abanye besikisela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxube ngqo yezinsimbi ikhombisa ukuthi amaRoma aqonda ukuthi angayisebenzisa kanjani ama-nanoparticles. Bathole ukuthi ukufaka izinsimbi eziyigugu engilazini encibilikisiwe kungayijikijela ibe bomvu futhi kuveze imiphumela ehlukile yokushintsha imibala.
Kepha, ngokusho kwabaphenyi ocwaningweni "Indebe yeLycurgus - i-Roman Nanotechnology", beyiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu isu lokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, emakhulwini eminyaka kamuva inkomishi emangalisayo kwaba ugqozi locwaningo lwangaleso sikhathi lwe-nanoplasmonic.
UGang Logan Liu, unjiniyela e-University of Illinois e-Urbana-Champaign, uthe: “AmaRoma ayekwazi ukwenza nokusebenzisa ama-nanoparticles ukufeza ubuciko obuhle… .. Sifuna ukubona ukuthi lokhu kungaba nezinhlelo zesayensi. "
Indebe yokuqala yekhulu lesine i-AD Lycurgus Cup, okungenzeka ukuthi yathathwa kuphela ngezikhathi ezikhethekile, ikhombisa iNkosi uLycurgus ebhajwe esixukwini semivini, mhlawumbe ngezenzo ezimbi ezenziwe kuDionysus - unkulunkulu wewayini ongumGreki. Uma abasunguli bekwazi ukuthuthukisa ithuluzi lokuthola elisha kusuka kulobu buchwepheshe basendulo, kuzoba ithuba likaLycurgus lokwenza isicupho.
