Kunethuba elingama-50% lokuthi siphila kokulingisiwe, kusho i-athikili eshicilelwe ku-Okthoba, 2020 ukukhishwa kwe Isayensi yaseMelika.
"Amathuba angemuva wokuthi siphila kwisisekelo sangempela cishe acishe afane namathuba angemuva wokuthi siyalingisa, namathuba abekiselwe ukuvuna iqiniso lesisekelo kancane nje," Kuchaza u-Anil Ananthaswamy, umbhali waleli phepha.
Phakathi kobufakazi obasetshenziswa ukusekela isimangalo sakhe, intatheli egxile emithonjeni yesayensi ithola iziphetho zendatshana eyenziwe nguNick Bostrom, isazi sefilosofi saseSweden e-University of Oxford, ngo-2003, lapho abeka khona isimo lapho iqiniso lakhiwa khona izidalwa ezibonakalayo ezenziwe ikhompyutha.
UBostrom uthatha ukuthi, kulesi simo, okungenani esisodwa sezitatimende ezintathu ezilandelayo:
- Ubuntu buhlala buyicisha ngaphambi kokuthuthukisa ikhono lokwenza ukulingisa okungokoqobo.
- Uma bebezofinyelela kuleso sikhundla, abantu abanayo intshisekelo yokulingisa okwedlule okhokho babo.
- Amathuba okuthi siphila ngaphakathi kokulinganisa asondele koyedwa.
"Lokhu kulandela ukuthi inkolelo yokuthi kunamathuba amakhulu okuthi ngelinye ilanga siyoba ngabantu asebethathe okokulingisa amadlozi ayilona iqiniso, ngaphandle kwalapho siphila ekulingiseni," ucaphuna u-Ananthaswamy.
Ngokufanayo, intatheli ibuyisa iziphetho zocwaningo olwenziwe yisazi sezinkanyezi uDavid Kipping, waseColumbia University. Ngokuya ngempikiswano kaBostrom, usosayensi wabala amathuba omcimbi obizwa ngokuthi 'amathuba angemuva', ngokuya ngomcabango wento okukhulunywa ngayo futhi wayinikeza 'amathuba angaphambilini'.
Ngokunjalo, wahlanganisa ama-postostates amabili okuqala eBostrom aba yinkinga eyodwa, ecabanga ukuthi, kuzo zombili lezi zimo, umphumela wokugcina ukuthi ukufaniswa kuyakhishwa. Izimo ezimbili ezivelayo zikhombisa ukucabanga komzimba (ngaphandle kokulingisa), kanye nenye inkolelo-mbumbulu yokulingisa (kuneqiniso eliyisisekelo kanye nokufaniswa).
U-Kipping ubhekele ukuthi i-hypothesis ebonakalayo iyiqiniso elingakhiqizi amaqiniso amasha, noma esimweni se-simulation hypothesis, iningi lamaqiniso alingisiwe alidali amaqiniso amasha, ngoba, ngokulingisa okusha ngakunye kokunye, -ibizwa nge-supercomputer yomhlaba wangempela ngesikhathi esithile izokhipha izinsiza zayo.
Ngokusebenzisa konke lokhu kucabanga kwifomula yaseBasezi, evumela ukubala amathuba omcimbi, uKipping uphetha ngokuthi isimo esiphila kuso empeleni sisezingeni elincanyana kakhulu kunaleso lomhlaba obonakalayo.
Umbono wokulingisa waziwa kabanzi ngemuva kokukhishwa kwefilimu Matrix (1999), nokho, u-Ananthaswamy ukhumbula ukuthi uPlato wayeqagele ukuthi kungenzeka lokho emakhulwini eminyaka adlule.
Ngendlela efanayo, kugcizelela ukuthi umqondisi weTesla nomsunguli we-SpaceX, u-Elon Musk, ungomunye wabasekeli abaziwa kakhulu beziphakamiso zikaBostrom kwazise ubheka ukuthi amathuba esingeke silingiswe "Oyedwa ezigidigidini".
