Kuwo wonke umlando wethu obanzi, abantu baye basungula izindlela ezicatshangelwayo zokungcwaba abathandekayo bethu abangasekho kanye nokwakha izindawo zokungcwaba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Nokho, phakathi kwenqwaba yamasiko omngcwabo ahlolisiswa abacwaningi, elihlaba umxhwele kakhulu ngokungangabazeki umkhuba 'Wamabhokisi Alengayo' owabonwa e-Asia.
Atholakala ikakhulukazi eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeChina, kodwa nasePhilippines nase-Indonesia, le mingcwabo amabhokisi abonakala elenga emoyeni eceleni kwewa, ngokuvamile emhosheni onomfula ogeleza kuwo. Amanye ala mabhokisi abelokhu elenga iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, ngakho-ke ubani owawabeka lapho futhi akwenze kanjani?
E-China, amabhokisi kukholakala ukuthi enziwa abantu baseBo People abangaqondakali, abantu basendulo abangasekho ababehlala emingceleni yezifundazwe zaseChina zaseSichuan naseYunnan, ngoba isiko labo lalivela ngesikhathi esifanayo namabhokisi.
Ubufakazi obudala kakhulu bokulengiswa kwamabhokisi e-China buvela emarekhodini asendulo alo mkhuba esifundazweni saseFujian owaqala eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-3000. Ukusuka lapho, lo mkhuba wasakazekela kwezinye izifunda eziseningizimu yeChina, ikakhulukazi ezifundazweni zaseHubei, eSichuan naseYunnan.
Kunemibono eyahlukene yokuthi kungani amaBo akhetha ukubeka abafileyo babo kude nezindawo zokuhlala eziyinhloko, phezulu eduze nobuso obucwebezelayo bamawa abheke emanzini. Zonke zihlobene nezinkolelo ezingokomoya zabantu basendulo.
Ukuhlonipha nokuhlonipha amalungu omndeni, owaziwa ngokuthi i-filial piety, bekulokhu kugxilile emasikweni ase-Asia. Kunesiko lakudala lokuhlonipha amadlozi elasuka ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka. Esikhathini esedlule, abantu abaningi baseShayina bebegcina izinsalela zabathandekayo babo abashonile eduze nomndeni, okubenza bakwazi ukunakekela izidingo zabo kalula futhi bahloniphe. Ngokwenza kanjalo, babekholelwa ukuthi babenakekela nemimoya yabangasekho. Lo mkhuba wawuhlose ukugcina imimoya yanele futhi ivimbele ukuba ingabuyeli ukuzohlupha abaphilayo.
Ngokuphambene, abantu bakwaBo babenendlela eyingqayizivele. Babezobeka izihlobo zabo ezingasekho ezindaweni okunzima ukuzifinyelela. Abanye ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi lapho ukubekwa kuphakeme, kukhulu inhlonipho nomsebenzi oboniswayo, okwajabulisa kakhulu abangasekho. Ngokwenza imimoya yokhokho babo ijabule ngokwedlulele, abaphilayo babekholelwa ukuthi bayothola izibusiso ezinikezwe yile mimoya.
Abantu basendulo babekholelwa ukuthi izidalwa ezingaphezu kwemvelo zazihlala ngaphakathi kwezakhi zemvelo, njengamadwala, izintaba namanzi. Kwakukholelwa futhi ukuthi iziqongo zezintaba nezindawo eziphakeme zazinokubaluleka okukhethekile futhi zazibhekwa njengeziseduze namazulu. UGuo Jing, waseYunnan Provincial Museum, unombono wokuthi amawa anencazelo ekhethekile kubantu baseBo, okungenzeka ukuthi asebenza njengendlela eya endaweni yasezulwini, kuyilapho amabhokisi abo ebhekwa njengokuxhumana nokuphila kwangemva kokufa.
Enye inkolelo-mbono iphakamisa ukuthi abantu bakwaBo bakhetha amawa njengezindawo zokungcwaba ngesizathu esingokoqobo, ethonywe inkolelo yabo ekuphileni kwangemva kokufa. Babekholelwa ukuthi izidumbu zabathandekayo babo abashonile zazidinga ukuvikelwa ekuphazamisekeni nasekuboleni ukuze baqinisekise ukungafi kwabo ekuphileni okulandelayo. Ngakho, kwakubalulekile ukubeka abafileyo kude nezilwane nakubantu ababengase balimaze noma bantshontshe emabhokisini abo.
Amabhokisi alengayo namathuna asemaweni ayenikeza indawo enomoya omuhle, eyomile, futhi enomthunzi, okwayinciphisa kakhulu inqubo yokubola. Ngokuphambene, ukungcwaba imizimba emhlabathini nomswakama wayo nezinto eziphilayo kungaholela ekuboleni ngokushesha okukhulu.
Amabhokisi atholakala ezindaweni ezintathu ezihlukene emaweni: enamathiselwe emishayweni yokhuni ephuma ezindongeni zamatshe aqondile, abekwe ngaphakathi kwemigede yemvelo noma imifantu, futhi aphumule ezingosini ezinamatshe odongeni. Lawa mabhokisi atholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme ezihlukene, kusukela kumafidi angaba ngu-30 kuya ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-400 ngaphezu komhlaba. Kuhlanganiswe, isisindo sesidumbu nebhokisi singafinyelela kalula amakhilogremu angamakhulu amaningana. Ngakho-ke, indlela amabhokisi omngcwabo ayethuthwa ngayo eyiswa ezindaweni eziyinselele kanjalo nasezindaweni eziphakeme iye yabangela izimpikiswano iminyaka eminingi.
Kamuva, lo mkhuba kanye nabantu bobabili banyamalala kumarekhodi ngasekupheleni koBukhosi baseMing. Isiko lavela futhi lashabalala ngokushesha lapho abantu bakwaBo benyamalala cishe eminyakeni engama-400 edlule. Kunezinkomba ezithile zokuthi uMing wabulala iBo. Nokho-ke, kahle-hle ukuthi abakwaBo bavelaphi nokuthi kwenzekani kubo kusaxoxwa ngakho nanamuhla.
Amabhokisi amaningi okufinyeleleka kalula aye aphangiwe futhi aphazanyiswa. Kodwa-ke, asekhona amabhokisi amaningi afihlwe, angakathintwa, emigedeni nasezikhaleni, okuthiwa aphethe ingcebo eningi. Ngenhlanhla, kulabo abalaliswe emabhokisini atholakala ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo neziyingozi, baphumule ngokuthula.
