Umsebenzi waseGibhithe osebenza endaweni yokuvubukula yaseSaqqara eseduze nePiramidi yeNkosi uTeti, ufaro wokuqala woMbuso Wobukhosi Wesithupha Omdala, umemezele okutholakele okumbalwa kwemivubukulo okusukela eMidala naseNew Kingdoms.
Lo mkhankaso uholwa nguZahi Hawass, futhi usebenza ngokubambisana noMnyango Wezokuvakasha Nezinto Zakudala kanye neBibliotheca Alexandrina.
Lokhu okutholakele kuzobhala kabusha umlando walesi sifunda, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi seDynasties ye-18 neye-19 yoMbuso Omusha, lapho kwakukhonzwa khona uFaro Teti. Imishini ithole ubufakazi bokunye ukungcwatshwa okuzungeze iphiramidi yakhe. Imishini iqinisekise ukuthi ukungena endaweni yaseSaqqara eNew Kingdom bekungena ngale ndawo.
Iphinde yathola ukwakheka kwethempeli iQueen Nearit lapho ithuna lakhe lalikhona, kanye nezinqolobane ezintathu zezitini zodaka ezinamathele ethempelini ohlangothini lwayo oluseningizimu-mpumalanga. Lezi zitolo zazakhelwe ukugcina ukudla kwasethempelini, iminikelo namathuluzi ayesetshenziswa ethuneni lendlovukazi.
Phakathi kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezitholwe kule ndawo bekungukuvulwa kwemiphini engu-52 yokungcwaba efinyelela kumamitha ayi-10-12 ukujula. Ngaphakathi bekunamakhulu amabhokisi omngcwabo enziwe ngeNew Kingdom, okokuqala ngqa ukuthi amabhokisi atholakala emuva kweminyaka engu-3,000 XNUMX atholakale esifundeni saseSaqqara.
Amabhokisi emithi enziwe ngamapulangwe ayi-anthropoid, futhi amaningi afaka izigcawu zonkulunkulu ababekhulekelwa ngalesi sikhathi ababoniswa ngaphezulu. Ngokwengeziwe kulokhu, izingcaphuno ezahlukahlukene ezivela eNcwadini Yabafileyo zazimelwe, ukusiza umufi ukuthi adlule ohambweni aye kwelinye izwe. Lokhu kutholakala kuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yaseSaqqara yayingasetshenziswanga ukungcwatshwa ngeNkathi Esekugcineni kuphela, kepha nangesikhathi soMbuso Omusha.
Ukuthunywa kuphumelele ekutholeni inqolobane eyengeziwe yamabhokisi okhuni anthropoid. Ngaphakathi kulo shaft kwatholakala amabhokisi angama-50 esesimweni esihle.
Kuphinde kwembulwa nethempeli likanokusho elingaphansi komhlaba elenziwe ngezitini zodaka elisuselwa eNew Kingdom, elatholakala ku-24m ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi.
Inkantolo evulekile yomgodi, eyokuqala yalokhu kujula etholakele, yayigandayiwe ngamacwecwe e-limestone acwebezelwe kahle. Umsebenzi usaqhubeka emgodini, kepha uHawass ukholelwa ukuthi awuzange uhlupheke ezandleni zamasela.
Ukutholakala okutholakala emgodini kubhekwa njengokutholwe okubaluleke kakhulu okutholwe esifundeni saseSaqqara.
Lokhu okutholakele kuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwama-workshops amaningi abekhiqiza la mabhokisi omngcwabo, abethengwe ngabantu bendawo, kanye nezindawo zokufundisa izidumbu.
Ngaphakathi emigodini, le mishini yathola inqwaba yezinto zobuciko bemivubukulo nezifanekiso ezimele izithixo ezifana nonkulunkulu u-Osiris noPtah-Soker-Osiris. Lokhu bekungeze ekutholakaleni okuyingqayizivele, kwepapyrus emide engamamitha amane emele iSahluko 17 seNcwadi yabafileyo.
I-papyrus ikhonjwe njengekaPw-Kha-Ef, okuyigama elifanayo elitholwe ezithombeni ezine zikasabhothi, nakumngcwabo wamapulangwe owakhiwe ngokhuni. Izithombe eziningi ezinhle zikashabti ezenziwe ngokhuni, ngamatshe nangobuhle zitholakale zivela eMbusweni omusha.
Imishini yaphinde yathola izifihla-buso eziningi zokhuni kanye nethempeli elinikezelwe kunkulunkulu u-Anubis (Guardian of the Cemetery, kanye nezithombe zikankulunkulu. komunye umhlaba.
Kutholakale ezinye izinto zobuciko eziningi ezimele izinyoni ezifana namahansi, kanye nembazo yethusi ebabazekayo, okukhombisa ukuthi umnikazi wayo wayengumholi webutho ngesikhathi seNew Kingdom.
Kutholakale itshe elimnandi neligcinwe kahle lamatshe ematshe komunye wemigodi embiwe, ingeyendoda egama linguKha-Ptah kanye nonkosikazi wayo uMt-em-wia.
Ingxenye engenhla yesitela imele umufi nomkakhe ngesenzo sokukhuleka phambi kukankulunkulu u-Osiris, kanti ingxenye engezansi imele umufi ehleli ngemuva kwakhe unkosikazi wakhe ehleli esihlalweni. Ngezansi kwesihlalo senkosikazi kunenye yamadodakazi abo ehlezi emilenzeni yayo futhi inuka imbali ye-lotus, futhi ngaphezu kwekhanda layo kunebhodlela lamafutha.
Phambi kwendoda nonkosikazi wayo kungabonakala izingane zabo eziyisithupha ezaziboniswe emabhukwini amabili. Ababukeli bangabona engenhla yamadodakazi ahleliwe enuka izimbali ze-lotus, enamabhodlela okugcoba ngaphezulu kwamakhanda abo, kanti engezansi eyamadodana amile.
Okubamba ukunakwa ukuthi enye yamadodakazi abo ibizwa ngegama likaNefertary, eqanjwe ngegama lomfazi othandekayo wenkosi uRamses II, owamakhela ithuna elihle eSigodini seQueens kanye nethempeli e-Abu Simbel.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, enye yamadodana kaKha-Ptah yaqanjwa ngokuthi nguKha-em-waset, yaqanjwa ngegama lenye yamadodana kaFaro Ramesses II. Wayebhekwa njengendoda ehlakaniphile, futhi eyaziwa njengoDokotela wokuqala waseGibhithe, owayejwayele ukubuyisa izinto zakudala zokhokho bakhe.
Ngokuqondene neziqu zomnikazi wesitela, wayengumbonisi wenqola yempi yenkosi, okukhombisa isikhundla sakhe esihloniphekile ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwa-19.
Le mishini iphinde yathola nenqwaba yezitsha zobumba ezisukela eNew Kingdom, kufaka phakathi izinto zobumba ezisinikeza ubufakazi ngobudlelwano bezohwebo phakathi kweGibhithe neCrete, iSyria, iPalestine.
USahar Selim, onguprofesa we-radiology eQasr al-Aini, wenza ucwaningo ngezidumbu zomama besebenzisa i-X-ray, futhi wanquma nezimbangela zokufa neminyaka yomuntu oshonile ngokufa, kanye nokufundela umama omncane wengane.
U-Afaf, isazi semivubukulo esigxile ekutadisheni kwamathambo, wafunda umama womuntu wesifazane futhi wanquma ukuthi lona wesifazane unesifo esingelapheki esaziwa ngokuthi "yiMedithera fever" noma "i-swine fever", isifo esivela ekuxhumaneni ngqo nezilwane futhi esiholela ethumba elisesibindi.
I-Hawass iqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kutholwa kubhekwa njengokutholwa okubaluleke kakhulu kwemivubukulo kulo nyaka okhona futhi kuzokwenza iSaqqara, kanye nokunye okutholakele, kube indawo ebalulekile yezivakashi namasiko. Izophinda ibhale kabusha umlando weSaqqara ngesikhathi soMbuso Omusha, ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukubaluleka kokukhulekelwa kweNkosi uTeti ngesikhathi soBukhosi be-19 boMbuso Omusha.
