Ekujuleni kobumnyama obuyimfihlakalo beKabayan Caves, an Imfihlo eyindida ifihliwe, ilindele ukwembulwa ngemiphefumulo enesibindi elokotha ingene emihubheni yayo yasendulo. Kuyimfihlo evusa umuzwa wakho kokubili ukwesaba nokwesaba, ngoba phakathi kwalezi zindawo ezimnyama kulele okushile. omama babantu, ofakazi abathule kuze kube yisikhathi esikhohliwe. Njengoba igubuzelwe yimfihlakalo futhi igqitshwe ukudlula kwamakhulu eminyaka, lezi zibonelo ezisabisayo ziye zakhanga ingqondo yososayensi, izazi ze-anthropologists, kanye nabafuna injabulo, bebancenga ukuba bembule indida evala ubukhona bazo. Yimiphi imikhuba ye-arcane, imikhuba yokungcwaba, noma izinkolelo zasendulo ezingaholela ekudalweni kwalezi zinsalela ze-macabre?
I-Fire Mummies
I-Fire Mummies, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Ibaloi Mummies, i-Benguet Mummies, kanye nezidumbu zezidumbu ze-Kabayan, zingumvubukulo othakazelisayo otholwe emigedeni eminingana eduze kwedolobha lase-Kabayan, esifundazweni sase-Benguet e-Philippines. Okuphawulekayo phakathi kwale migede iTimbac, iBangao, iTenongchol, iNaapay, ne-Opdas. Le migede yayiyizindawo zokungcwaba ezingcwele zabantu base-Ibaloi basendulo futhi yayihlala izinsalela zokhokho babo abangasekho.
Ukutholakala Kwezidumbu Zomlilo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwabahlaba umxhwele abantu baseNtshonalanga, nakuba imiphakathi yendawo kwase kungamakhulu eminyaka yazi ngazo. Ngeshwa, ukuntuleka kokuvikelwa emigedeni kwaholela ekuntshontshweni kwezidumbu eziningi. Lokhu kugqugquzele iMonument Watch, inhlangano engenzi nzuzo, ukuthi imemezele isiza njengenye yamasayithi ayi-100 asengozini yokushabalala emhlabeni.
Inqubo yokucwiliswa komlilo: Iqale nini yonke?
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi iFire Mummies yadalwa yisizwe sama-Ibaloi phakathi kuka-1,200 no-1,500 CE emadolobheni amahlanu aseBenguet. Kodwa-ke, kukhona abanye abathi inqubo yokucwiliswa kwezidumbu yaqala kudala, cishe ngo-2,000 BCE. Okwenza i-Fire Mummies ihluke inqubo yabo eyinkimbinkimbi yokucwilisa.
Esikhundleni sokucwilisa umzimba ngemva kokufa, inqubo yaqala ngaphambi nje kokuba umuntu adlule emhlabeni. Babephuza okuthile okunengxube enosawoti omningi, eyayingasiza enqubweni yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ngemva kokufa, umzimba wawugezwa futhi ubekwe phezu komlilo endaweni ehlezi, ukuze uketshezi lome. Intuthu kagwayi yabe isifuthelwa emlonyeni ukuze kuqhubeke ukoma izitho zangaphakathi zomzimba. Ekugcineni, amakhambi agcotshwa emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuba afakwe ebhokisini lokhuni likaphayini futhi abekwe emihumeni noma kwezinye izindawo zokungcwaba.
Ukuphangwa nokucekelwa phansi kwempahla
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indawo eminingi yale migede yaziwa ngenxa yokuqina kokugawulwa kwemithi endaweni. Ngeshwa, lokhu kwaholela ekuphangeni njengoba ezinye izivakashi zazimagange ukushiya uphawu lwazo ezidumbu zezidumbu zaseKabayan, kuhlanganise nemidwebo. Umama oyedwa odumile, u-Apo Annu, webiwa ekuqaleni kwawo-1900 futhi kamuva wabuyela esizweni sama-Ibaloi ngenxa yokukholelwa kumkakhe. amandla angaphezu kwawemvelo.
Imizamo yokulondoloza umlando we-Kabayan
Ngo-1998, i-Kabayan Mummies yafakwa ohlwini lwe-World Monuments Watch ngu Isikhwama seWorld Monuments. Ukuze kuliwe nale nkinga, uxhaso lwatholakala nge-American Express ukuze kulondolozwe izimo eziphuthumayo nokudala uhlelo lokuphatha oluphelele. Iziphathimandla zendawo ezivela komasipala abazungezile nazo zabambisana nomkhankaso wokuqwashisa ngamasiko ukuze bethule izidumbu kubantu basePhilippines. Izikhungo zezivakashi zakhiwe ukulawula ukuvakashelwa nokuvimbela ukungena okuyingozi.
Naphezu kwale mizamo, i-Fire Mummies isasengozini ngenxa yokuvikeleka okuncane emigedeni yabo yemvelo. Noma izikhulu zazi izindawo ezingama-50-80 abanye omama, bayanqaba ukudalula ngoba besaba ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla. Ukuze uqwashise futhi unikeze ukufinyelela kulawa magugu omlando, imnyuziyamu encane e-Kabayan, i-Benguet ibonisa izidumbu ezimbalwa.
I-Kabayan Mummy Burial Caves: Indawo Yamagugu Omhlaba
I-Kabayan Mummy Burial Caves ihlonishwa njengeNational Cultural Treasures yi-National Museum of the Philippines ngaphansi kweSimemezelo sikaMongameli No. 374. Ukwengeza, okwamanje ibhekwa njengeNdawo Yamagugu Omhlaba ye-UNESCO. Ithemba liwukuthi ngokumisa imigede njengendawo evikelekile, izidumbu zingavikeleka ekuntshontsheni nasekucekeleni phansi.
Amazwi wokugcina
Inqubo yokucwilisa izidumbu zesizwe samaKabayan ePhilippines, eyaziwa ngokuthi ukucwiliswa kwezidumbu, iwubufakazi bobuhlakani kanye nokucophelela kwemikhuba yabo yokungcwaba. Ukuhlola imigede equkethe izidumbu zezidumbu ze-Kabayan kuyinto ekhangayo ehlanganisa umlando, imivubukulo, kanye nengokomoya. Izivakashi zingamangala ngamasu okucwilisa izidumbu asetshenziswa abantu base-Ibaloi emakhulwini eminyaka edlule.
Imigede ngokwayo iphethe i-aura yobungcwele, njengoba yayibhekwa njengezindawo ezingcwele zendawo yokuphumula yokugcina yabahambile.Kubalulekile ukusondela kule migede kanye nama-mummies ngenhlonipho enkulu nangenhlonipho enkulu. Aziwona nje izinto zobuciko kodwa ziyizimpawu zesikhathi esidlule esijabulisayo elifanelwe ukugcinwa nokwazisa. Njengoba izivakashi zingena kule migede, zingena endaweni lapho isikhathi simi khona, zixhumane nemimoya yamadlozi futhi zizicwilise emgqeni ocebile wesiko Ibaloi.
Ngemva kokufunda nge-Fire Mummies, funda nge izidumbu eziyinqaba zaseVenzone: Imizimba yasendulo engaboli ihlala iyimfihlakalo engaxazululeki.
