Inganekwane yama-giants njengezakhamuzi zokuqala zamazwe iyinganekwane evamile eyabiwa amasiko ahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi imidondoshiya yake yazulazula eMhlabeni kuyilapho abanye bengaqinisekanga ngalokhu kuba khona okungavamile. Isayensi yamukela imidondoshiya kodwa ngenye indlela ebizwa 'gigantis'. Futhi kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi abavubukuli abavamile abakaze bamukele noma bathole izinsalela zalokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'imidondoshiya yasendulo'. Kodwa ingabe lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokuphelele?
Ngo-Mashi 2012, ucezu lwezindaba ezivusa amadlingozi lushicilelwe ushicilelo lwesiJalimane lwe-Bild eyayithi izinsalela zomdondoshiya zatholakala endaweni yaseGibhithe. Kwakungumunwe ogogekile wesidalwa esifana nomuntu, kodwa esidlula kude ubukhulu baso.
Umunwe omkhulu waseGibhithe
Umunwe omkhulu waseGibhithe ufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-38 ubude. Ukuqhathanisa usayizi, kunombhalo wasebhange eduze kwawo. Ngokwencwadi, izithombe zango-1988, kepha zanikezwa okokuqala ngqa, ngaphezu kwalokho, zenzelwe leli phephandaba laseJalimane kuphela.
Lezi zithombe zithathwe ngusomabhizinisi waseSwitzerland futhi othanda umlando we-Ancient Egypt, uGregor Spoerri. Ngokusho kwakhe, ngo-1988 omunye wabaphakeli abazimele eGibhithe wathembisa ukuhlela umhlangano nomphangi wamangcwaba asendulo. Umhlangano ububanjelwe endlini encane eBir Hooker, amakhilomitha ayikhulu enyakatho-mpumalanga yeCairo. Ukhombise uSpoerri umunwe ogoqwe ngamachilo.
Ngokusho kukaSpoerri, kwakuyisikhwama esinephunga elinamandla, elimise okwe-oblong, nokuqukethwe yikho kwakumangalisa. USpoerri wavunyelwa ukuthi aphathe le nsalela, futhi athathe izithombe ezimbalwa ngoba wabakhokhela u- $ 300 ngayo. Ukuqhathanisa, wabeka eceleni kwemali eyibhange yamaphawundi angama-20 aseGibhithe. Umunwe wawomile kakhulu futhi ulula. USpoerri uqaphele ukuthi bekungakholeki, isidalwa obekufanele ngabe bekumele okungenani sibe amamitha ama-5 (cishe u-16.48ft) ukuphakama.
Ukufakazela ubuqiniso, omunye wabaphangi bamathuna ubonise isithombe se-X-Ray somunwe ocwilisiwe owathathwa ngeminyaka yawo-60s. Isitifiketi sobuqiniso bokutholwa kwakungaleyo minyaka efanayo. USpoerri wamcela ukuthi adayise le nsalela, kodwa umgqekezi wenqaba, wathi ukubaluleka kwayo kwakubaluleke kakhulu emndenini wakhe. Ukusho ukuthi, kwakuyingcebo yomndeni wakhe. Ngakho-ke, uSpoerri kwadingeka andiza aphume eGibhithe engaphethe lutho.
Kamuva u-Spoerri wabonisa lezi zithombe kubameleli beminyuziyamu ehlukahlukene, kodwa bamzulisa kuphela. Ngokusho kukaSpoerri, bonke bathi umunwe awuhambisani nemibono yesimanje.
Ngo-2009, u-Spoerri wavakashela u-Bir Hooker futhi ukuze athole kabusha lowo munwe womama omkhulu. Kodwa ngeshwa akakwazanga ukuthola lowo mgadli wamathuna. Sonke lesi sikhathi, u-Spoerri wayefunda ngentshiseko ulwazi mayelana nemidondoshiya yasendulo.
Ingabe imidondoshiya yayihlala ngempela eGibhithe lasendulo?
Ngo-79 AD, isazi-mlando esingumRoma uJosephus Flavius wabhala ukuthi owokugcina emjahweni wemidondoshiya waphila ngekhulu le-13 BC, ngesikhathi sokubusa kweNkosi uJoshua. Ubuye wabhala ukuthi babenemizimba emikhulu, futhi ubuso babo babungafani nabantu abajwayelekile kangangokuthi kwakumangalisa ukubabheka, futhi kwakwesabisa ukulalela izwi labo elikhulu elifana nokubhonga kwebhubesi.
Umunwe omkhulu waseGibhithe waze waphefumulela uSpoerri ukuthi abhale incwadi
Ukutholwa kwaba nomthelela omkhulu kuSpoerri. Ngo-2008, wayeka umsebenzi waqala ukubhala incwadi ekhuluma ngemidondoshiya, futhi kungekudala wayishicilela le ncwadi esihloko sithi “UNkulunkulu Olahlekile: Usuku Lokwahlulela.” Kuyisithabathaba somlando esingaqondakali esuselwa emaphusheni kaSpoerri. Uyaphawula ukuthi akazange abhale ngokuqondile ngokutholakele ngesitayela sesayensi, enikeza abafundi ithuba lokuzinqumela ukuthi bazocabangani ngalokhu.
Ingabe kuyiqiniso ukuthi, ezikhathini ezikude, imidondoshiya yake yaphila emhlabeni?
Nakuba ososayensi bebelokhu bephayona ukuthi izidalwa ezingabantu ezikhula zibe amafidi angu-20 noma ngaphezulu ziyizinganekwane, futhi ngisho nakudala abukho ubufakazi bokuthi ama-hominins ake aba made kakhulu kunathi namuhla, okunye okutholakele okuyindida kuphakamisa umbuzo omkhulu ngokumelene nakho. Ngezansi kukhona okunye okutholakele okuyinqaba okunqoba ukuqonda kwethu okujwayelekile.
Iziqhwaga zaseNew York
Ngo-1871, i-archaeological dimba endaweni yokungcwaba yendabuko yaseMelika yathola amathambo amakhulu angama-200., ezinye zifinyelela ku-9 ft ubude. Kuphinde kwalinganiselwa ukuthi lezi zinsalela kungenzeka ukuthi sezineminyaka engaba ngu-9,000 ubudala. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukutholakala kwalezi zinsalela kwabikwa kabanzi kwabezindaba; kodwa namuhla, izinsalela zinyamalele. Akekho owaziyo ukuthi bakuphi.
Izinyathelo ezinkulu
Enye edume kakhulu I-Giant Footprints yatholakala ngaphandle kwaseMpuluzi, eNingizimu Afrika. Yatholwa umzingeli eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, futhi abantu bendawo bayibiza ngokuthi “umkhondo kaNkulunkulu.” Ukuphrinta kungamamitha angu-100 ubude, futhi uma umzimba wonke ubunosayizi ngokulingana nonyawo, umdondoshiya obewenza ubungama phakathi kuka-1.2–24 ft ubude. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukuphrinta kungenzeka kusuka ezigidini ezingama-27 - iminyaka eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezintathu ubudala.
Emhlabeni jikelele, kube khona imilobo yezinyawo efanayo etholwe ishunyekwe edwaleni lakudala. E-San Hose, indawo engamamitha angu-2.5 yatholakala eduze kwepulazi lendawo (noma ngabe yini eyayenza yayizodlula ngisho nomdondoshiya waseMpuluzi); kulo leli dolobha, kwatholakala enye indawo eyimitha eyi-1.5 eweni.
Ngo-Agasti 2016, eGuizhou, eChina, kwatholakala uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zezinyawo, ngokuphrinta ngakunye cishe ngamafidi angu-2 ubude, futhi ihlehliswe cishe ngo-3cm edwaleni eliqinile. Ososayensi baye babala ukuthi noma yini eyenza ukuphrinta kuzodingeka ibe ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-13 ubude.
Ngo-1912, kwatholakala imibhalo engamamitha amane ubude eNingizimu Afrika, eyayineminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-4 ubudala. Noma yini i-humanoid eyenza ukuphrinta bekufanele ibe ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-200 ubude. Umkhondo ofanayo watholakala ehlathini laseLazovsky, eRussia.
Iziqhwaga zaseDeath Valley
Ngo-1931, udokotela ogama lakhe lingu- F. Bruce Russell wathola eminye imigede kanye nemigudu e-Death Valley, futhi yanquma ukuyihlola noDaniel S. Bovey. Lokho ababekucabanga ekuqaleni njengohlelo lomgede omncane kwavela ukuthi kuqhubeke amakhilomitha-skwele angu-180. Enye yezinto zokuqala abazithola kwakuwuhlobo oluthile lwehholo elingokwesiko noma lenkolo elimbozwe ngemibhalo eyinqaba eyinqaba. Kodwa okungaziwa namanje, kwaba ukutholakala kwamathambo amade e-humanoid angama-9ft.
Indaba yaba okokuqala kwabikwa ngokusemthethweni ephephandabeni laseSan Diego ngo-1947. Izinsalela zacwiliswa izidumbu futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi zineminyaka engaba ngu-80,000 ubudala. Nokho, le ndaba yashabalala ngokushesha, kanye nezinsalela zalesi siqhwaga.
Iziqhwaga zaseWisconsin
Ososayensi basathule ngezinkani ngohlanga olulahlekile lwemidondoshiya eyatholakala kwezinye izindunduma zokungcwaba eziseduze neLake Delavan eWisconsin ngoMeyi 1912. Njengoba kubikiwe ku-New York Times 4th kaMeyi 1912, amathambo ayi-18 atholwa ngabazalwane bakaPearson, akhombisa okungajwayelekile okuningi nezici eziyinqaba. Ukuphakama kwawo kwakusukela kumamitha angu-7.6 kuya kwangu-10, kanti izingebhezi zawo zikhulu kakhulu kunalezo zanoma imuphi umuntu ohlala eMelika namuhla. Babevame ukuba noluhlu lwamazinyo oluphindwe kabili, amakhanda ahlangene, iminwe engu-6, izinzwane eziyisithupha, futhi njengabantu beza ngezinhlanga ezahlukene. Lokhu kungenye yama-akhawunti amaningi wamathambo amakhulu atholakala eWisconsin.
Imidondoshiya yeLovelock Cave
Ukusuka ku-2,600 BC kuya maphakathi nawo-1800s, iLavelock Cave eNevada kuthiwa yayisetshenziswa umjaho wezinwele ezibomvu, imidondoshiya edla abantu. Ngo-1911, uJames Hart noDavid Pugh bathola amalungelo okumba bathengise i-guano - eyayisetshenziselwa ukwenza umpu ngalezo zinsuku - kusuka emgedeni waseLovelock. Bebehambe izinyawo ezimbalwa emhumeni ngesikhathi bethola isidumbu sendoda siyi-6ft 6 ”ubude. Umzimba wakhe wagqunywa, futhi izinwele zakhe zazibomvu ngokugqamile. Bathola ezinye izidumbu eziningi ezinokujwayelekile, kepha ezimbalwa zazingamamitha angu-8-10 ubude. Kwakukhona nemibhalo eminingi yesandla emikhulu eshumekwe ezindongeni zomhume.
Isiphetho
Ekugcineni, kucace kakhulu ukuthi Umunwe Omkhulu waseGibhithe awunasisekelo noma isisekelo ngaphandle kwezithombe nezimangalo ezishiwo ngu-Gregor Spoerri. Nokho, kuningi okunye ukulandisa okudlulisela ukutholakala kwezinsalela zamaqhawe asendulo. Ngazo zonke lezi zindaba, imibuzo esele ithi: Bakuphi manje? Sikuphi isisekelo sabo somlando esiyiqiniso? Kungani izazi-mlando, ezizama ukumba le mivubukulo eyenqatshelwe, zibizwa ngokuthi izazi-mlando-mbumbulu? Khumbula, umphakathi ohlakaniphile wake wafaka uGalileo eqenjini elinjalo labantu abahlakaniphile mbumbulu. Ingabe siqinisile ngokuphelele ngolwazi lwethu ngomlando wasendulo?
