AmaShayina aphakathi kwemiphakathi emidala eqhubekayo emhlabeni. Umlando wabo oqoshiwe uqala ngekhulu lesi-5 BC, ngokuvela kobukhosi bakwaZhou, kodwa ubufakazi bemivubukulo bubonisa ukuthi umlando wabo udlulela emuva kakhulu. Amarekhodi okuqala abhaliwe abhekisela kubantu abayinganekwane ababizwa ngokuthi "uMbusi Ophuzi" kanye nabeluleki bakhe bezilwane - abaziwa ngokuthi "Amadoda Amadala Ayisiwula".
La mashaman ayehlala ezindlini zakudala ezakhiwe ngamathambo amakhulu, ahlotshiswe ngamagatsha namaqabunga. Babezingela izinyamazane nezinyamazane ukuze bathole ukudla, uboya bezingubo, namathambo ukuze bathole amathuluzi. Izinyanga zabo zakha amakhambi endawo nezitshalo ukuze zelaphe izifo nokulimala. Kodwa lapho befa, izidumbu zabo zazigqitshwa ngaphansi kwezinqwaba zamatshe ukuze kuvinjwe imimoya emibi ezinsalela zabo. Kodwa amathuna asanda kutholwa esifundazweni saseJilin anendaba ehlukile okumele ayixoxe.
Abacwaningi baseJilin University School of Archaeology kanye naseTexas A&M University eDallas bashaqekile lapho bethola “izinto ezididayo” - cishe amathambo asendulo angama-25 angajwayelekile - emathuneni aseSifundazweni saseJilin enyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina. Babecabanga ukuthi abaningi babo “babengamaqanda” ngaleso sikhathi esikude. Okutholakele kushicilelwe ku I-American Journal of Physical Anthropology ngoJulayi 2019.
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi okhokho bethu abakude babezilimaza amakhanda abo kanye nenzalo yabo besebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokhuni, amanikiniki nezintambo. Sekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka abantu emhlabeni wonke befuna 'intuthuko' enjalo.
Ezinye, ikakhulukazi e-Afrika, zisaqhubeka. Ngayiphi injongo? Lo mbuzo awunayo impendulo eqondile. Ososayensi badidekile, kodwa baqinisekile: kufanele kube khona uhlobo oluthile lwesikhuthazo esinamandla esathonya abantu basendulo ukuba bazibophezele ekuhlukumezeni.
Abavubukuli abakwazi ukuhoxisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi abakhubazekile baqeqeshelwa ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekile yomphakathi. Mhlawumbe kwakucatshangwa ukuthi bangabapristi benkolo ethile futhi benomuzwa wokuthi ukuba namakhanda amade kwakuyobanika amakhono akhethekile, njengokuxhumana nabanegunya eliphakeme. Ngamanye amazwi, bayobenza bahlakaniphe.
Okungenani, cishe ayekholelwa ukuthi ngokuhlehlisa amakhanda awo, ayeyozuza okuthile okuzuzisa kakhulu, njengokuma emphakathini. I osomkhathi basendulo' impendulo iqondile: ama-eggheads, empeleni, izidalwa ezihlakaniphile ezavela kweminye imihlaba. Abantu bendawo bakhubaza amakhanda ukuze bafane nabo.
Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ukuthambekela kokuguqulwa kwekhanda kwakhukhula iplanethi eminyakeni engaba ngu-9,000 edlule. Lokhu kutholwa kwamaShayina kwelula lesi sikhathi emuva cishe kweminye iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili, okunikeza isizathu esinengqondo sokukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuthatheka kwaqala eChina.
Futhi-ke yanda emhlabeni wonke iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, yonke indlela eya INingizimu Melika, iGibhithe, indawo yaseVolga, i-Urals, neCrimea. Osomkhathi basendulo akukho lutho abangakusho ngaphandle kwalo mbono ongajwayelekile. Phela, iyayisekela indaba yezidalwa zakwamanye amazwe ezivakashela uMhlaba futhi isivumela ukuba sicabange ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi zafika eSifundazweni saseJilin, eChina, ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule - ekuqaleni kwempucuko yabantu yesimanje.
Kunamakhulu ezingebhezi ezinde, kanti ezinye kungenzeka ukuthi bezingezomsuka wemvelo. Ngakho-ke, zingase zifane nogebhezi lwakwamanye amazwe, kodwa singaziqaphela futhi sizihlukanise kanjani? Asikwazi ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izinto ezitholakele, kodwa ezinye zibangela izinsolo.
