Kuwo wonke amazwekazi, kunamasiko nemikhuba ebonisa ulwazi olunjalo ebuza umbuzo ngemvelaphi yabo, nokho ngokuyinhloko ahlala engaphenduliwe. Sihlala simangele njalo lapho sembula ulwazi olukhulu lokhokho bethu basendulo ― ulwazi ababengenayo indlela yokuluthola ngaleso sikhathi. Kulo mongo, "isizwe se-Dogon sase-Afrika kanye nemfihlakalo ye-Sirius" ingenye ye-paradigm enjalo.
Inkanyezi yeSirius
Sirius - lelo livela egameni lesiGrikhi elithi “Seirios” ngokwezwi nezwi elisho “ukukhazimula” - uhlelo olumangalisayo lwezinkanyezi, oluyinkanyezi ekhanya kakhulu esibhakabhakeni sasemhlabeni somhlaba esibonakala kakhulu esibhakabhakeni esiseningizimu ngobusuku basebusika. Le glitter enhle yaziwa nangokuthi i-Dog Star.
Empeleni, uhlelo lwezinkanyezi lweSirius lwenziwe ngezinkanyezi ezimbili eziqukethe, iSirius A neSirius B. Kodwa-ke, uSirius B mncane kakhulu futhi useduze kakhulu noSirius A kangangokuba, ngamehlo anqunu, singabona kuphela uhlelo lwenkanyezi kanambambili njengoba inkanyezi eyodwa.
Inkanyezi encane uSirius B yabonwa okokuqala ngo-1862 yisazi sezinkanyezi saseMelika nomenzi wesibonakude Alvan Clark lapho elunguza ngesibonakude esikhulu kunazo zonke ngaleso sikhathi, futhi wabona indawo yokukhanya efiphele, ikhanya kancane ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-100,000 1970 kunenkanyezi uSirius A. Nakuba, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuthwebula inkanyezi encane esithombeni kwaze kwaba ngu-8.2. Ibanga elihlukanisayo I-Sirius A esuka ku-Sirius B ihluka ukusuka ku-31.5 kuya ku-XNUMX AU.
Ngokuyisisekelo, lena bekuyimininingwane eyanele ukukwazisa kuSirius Star System. Manje ake siqonde ngqo ephuzwini.
Izazi ze-Anthropologists uMarcel Griaule noGermaine Dieterlen kanye nesizwe saseDogon
Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule phakathi kuka-1946 no-1950, izazi ezimbili zabantu baseFrance okwakuthiwa uMarcel Griaule noGermaine Dieterlen bafunda ngezizwe ezine ezihlobene zase-Afrika ezihlala eningizimu yenkangala yaseSahara.
Labo sosayensi ababili bahlala ikakhulukazi nabantu baseDogon futhi bakhuthaza ukuzethemba okukhulu kangangokuba abane babaPristi Babo Abakhulu noma ababizwa kanjalo "AmaHogons" bathonyelwa ukuthi badalule amasiko abo ayimfihlo kakhulu.
Ekugcineni, uMarcel noGermaine bathola inhlonipho nothando olukhulu ezizweni zaseDogon kangangokuthi ngenkathi uMarcel eshona ngo-1956, abantu base-Afrika abangaphezu kwama-250,000 bakuleyo ndawo babuthana enkokhweni yokugcina emngcwabeni wakhe eMali.
Ulwazi olungakholeki lwezinkanyezi lwama-Dogon
Ngemuva kokudweba amanye amaphethini angaziwa kanye nezimpawu ezisenhlabathini enothuli, abakwaHogon bakhombisa ulwazi oluyimfihlo lwendawo yonke abayithola njengefa kokhokho babo basendulo, futhi obekuzofakazelwa njengokunembe okumangazayo eminyakeni ethile.
Ukugxila kwabo kwakuyinkanyezi ekhanya kunazo zonke uSirius nomfutho wayo omhlophe uSirius B futhi babazi ukuthi ayibonakali ngamehlo futhi babenolwazi lwezimpawu zayo eziningi ezingajwayelekile.
Ama-Dogon ayazi ukuthi empeleni emhlophe ngombala futhi kwakuyingxenye encane kunazo zonke lapho, aze agomela ukuthi kwakuyinkanyezi esindayo kunazo zonke enamandla amakhulu namandla adonsela phansi.
Ngamazwi abo, inkanyezi uSirius B yenziwa ngento esindayo kunayo yonke insimbi etholakala kulo Mhlaba - ososayensi bakamuva bathuka lapho bethola ukuthi ubukhulu bukaSirius B bukhulu impela kangangokuba imitha eliyi-cubic yento yalo isisinda nxazonke Amathani ayi-20,000 XNUMX.
Babazi futhi ukuthi kuthatha iminyaka engama-50 ukuqedela umzila owodwa ukuzungeza iSirius A nokuthi umzila awuyona isiyingi kepha uyi-elliptical eyiqiniso ngokuhamba kwazo zonke izidalwa zasezulwini, futhi babazi ngisho nendawo uSirius A aye kuyo ngaphakathi kwe-ellipse.
Ulwazi lwabo lwesayensi yezinkanyezi lwalumangalisa ngendlela emangalisayo. Badwebe i-halo ezungeze iplanethi iSaturn, okungenakwenzeka ukuyibona ngamehlo ethu ajwayelekile. Babazi nge izinyanga ezine ezivelele ze Jupiter, babazi ukuthi amaplanethi azungeza iLanga futhi babazi kahle kamhlophe ukuthi uMhlaba uyindilinga futhi uzungeza ngokwawo.
Okumangalisa nakakhulu ukuthi babeqiniseka ukuthi umthala wethu i- Ubisiy Indlela inesimo esinjengesokuvunguza, iqiniso elalingaziwa nakwezazi zezinkanyezi kuze kube yileli khulu leminyaka. Babuye bakholelwa ukuthi ulwazi lwabo alutholakalanga kulomhlaba.
Isizwe saseDogon nezivakashi ezivela enkanyezi uSirius
Ngokwenye yezinganekwane zabo zasendulo okukholakala ukuthi zineminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa ubudala, umjaho obizwa nge I-Nommos (okwakuyizidalwa ezimbi ezingekho emthethweni) bake bavakashela uMhlaba kusuka enkanyezini uSirius. Futhi amaDogon alufunda lonke lolo lwazi lwezinkanyezi kumaNommos.
Ukwenza izinto zingajwayelekile, bonke babheka amaNommos njenge izivakashi ezingaphandle komhlaba ababevela enkanyezini uSirius esikhundleni sokubakholelwa njengoNkulunkulu noma ezinye izinhlobo ezinjalo zabantu abanamandla angaphezu kwawemvelo amasiko ezwe lasendulo ayebakhulekela.
Isiphetho
Ukusho, noma nini lapho sithola into entsha enkathini yethu yesimanje, ngokumangazayo, sithola ngokufanayo ukuthi ngandlela thize iphuma esikhathini esidlule.. Kubonakala sengathi iminyaka yethu yesimanje isichithwe izikhathi eziningi kulo mhlaba noma kwenye indawo ngaphambilini.
Kukhona incwadi engeyona eqanjiwe eqanjwe “UThe Sirius Imfihlakalo ” ngokususelwa kulesi sihloko senkanyezi uSirius imfihlakalo kanye nolwazi olumangalisayo lwezinkanyezi lwabantu baseDogon. Yabhalwa ngumbhali odumile waseMelika ingubort Kyle IGrenvilli Ithempeli futhi yaqala ukushicilelwa yiSt. Martin's Press ngo-1976.
