Indaba kaWilliam Morgan igubuzelwe yimfihlakalo, izazi-mlando Ezithakazelayo kanye nama-theorists ozungu amakhulu eminyaka. Wazalelwa eCulpeper, eVirginia ngo-1774, uMorgan waphila impilo ebonakala ijwayelekile, esebenza njengomakhi nomsiki wamatshe ngaphambi kokuvula isitolo eRichmond, eVirginia. Kodwa-ke, kwaba ukuzibandakanya kwakhe namaFreemasons okwakuzogcina kuholele ekunyamaleni kwakhe ngendlela exakile, kwaqubula igagasi lokuphikisa uMason futhi kwashintsha unomphela umlando.
Impilo yakuqala kanye nemfundo kaWilliam Morgan
Ukuphila kukaWilliam Morgan esemncane kwaphawulwa ukuzikhandla nokuzimisela. Wathuthukisa amakhono akhe njengomakhi nomsiki wamatshe, wonga imali eyanele yokuqala isitolo sakhe eRichmond, eVirginia. Nakuba usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa oluqondile lungaqinisekisiwe, uMorgan wazalwa ngo-1774 eCulpeper, eVirginia. Naphezu kwesiqalo sakhe esiphansi, impilo kaMorgan yayizoshintsha kakhulu.
Umsebenzi wezempi
Nakuba uMorgan ethi uke wasebenza njengokaputeni phakathi neMpi ka-1812, kunobufakazi obuncane bokusekela lokhu kugomela. Ngenkathi amadoda amaningana agama lakhe linguWilliam Morgan evela emaqenjini ezempi aseVirginia ngalesi sikhathi, akekho owayenesikhundla sokuba ukaputeni. Ukuba yiqiniso kwenkonzo yezempi kaMorgan kusalokhu kuyimpikiswano nokuqagela.
Umshado nomndeni
Ngo-1819, eneminyaka engu-45 ubudala, uMorgan washada noLucinda Pendleton, owesifazane oneminyaka engu-19 waseRichmond, eVirginia. Umbhangqwana wawunezingane ezimbili, uLucinda Wesley Morgan noThomas Jefferson Morgan. Nokho, kwagadla usizi lapho imboni kaMorgan e-York, e-Upper Canada icekelwa phansi ngomlilo, ishiya umkhaya usebunzimeni obukhulu. Bephoqeleka ukuba bathuthe, bazinza eRochester, eNew York, lapho uMorgan aqala khona umsebenzi wakhe wokuba umakhi nomsiki wamatshe. Naphezu kwamahemuhemu okuthi uMorgan wayephuza kakhulu futhi agembule, abangani bakhe nabasekeli bakhe baziphika ngokunamandla lezi zimpawu.
Izimfihlo zeFreemasonry kanye nezambulo zikaWilliam Morgan
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi impilo kaWilliam Morgan yashintsha kakhulu lapho ethi wenziwa iMaster Mason ngesikhathi ehlala eCanada. Waya kafushane endaweni yokulala e-Rochester futhi wathola iziqu ze-Royal Arch e-Le Roy's Western Star Isahluko Inombolo 33. Nokho, ubuqiniso balezi zimangalo buhlala bungaqiniseki, njengoba abukho ubufakazi obuqinisekile obuqinisekisa ubulungu bakhe noma isimo seziqu.
Njengoba isungulwe njengenhlangano yabakhi abanekhono ngeNkathi Ephakathi eYurophu, Ama-Freemasons ayingxenye yenhlangano endala yobuzalwane emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhloso yomphakathi yashintsha ngenxa yokwehla kokwakhiwa kwe-cathedral. Namuhla, ama-Freemasons asebenza njengeqembu elisiza abantulayo nelezenhlalo elihlose ukuqondisa amalungu abo ekuholeni izimpilo ezinhle nezizinikele emphakathini. Nakuba ingahlukaniswa njengenhlangano eyimfihlo ngokwengxenye ngayinye, inhlangano ihlanganisa amagama ayimfihlo ayimfihlo nemikhuba elandela emuva kuzinqubo zenhlangano yenkathi ephakathi.
Ngo-1826, uMorgan wamemezela inhloso yakhe yokushicilela incwadi enesihloko esithi "Imifanekiso Yama-Masonry," edalula kabuhlungu amaFreemasons kanye nemikhosi yabo yeziqu eziyimfihlo. Uveze ukuthi umshicileli wephephandaba lendawo, uDavid Cade Miller, umnikeze imali eningi yokwenza umsebenzi. UMiller, ongakwazanga ukuqhubekela phambili phakathi kwerenki yeMasonic ngenxa yokuphikisa kwamalungu e-Batavia lodge, wabona ithuba lokuzuza ezambulweni zikaMorgan.
Ukunyamalala okuyisimanga
Ukushicilelwa kokudalulwa kukaMorgan kanye nokukhaphela kwakhe izimfihlo zeMasonic kwaveza igagasi lentukuthelo nokuziphindiselela kumaFreemasons. Amalungu e-lodge yase-Batavia ashicilele isikhangiso esigxeka uMorgan ngokwephula izwi lakhe. Kuke kwaba nemizamo yokushisa ihhovisi lephephandaba likaMiller kanye nesitolo sokuphrinta, umyalezo ocacile wokuthi abakwaMasons ngeke bakubekezelele ukudalulwa kwezimfihlo zabo.
Ngo-September 11, 1826, uMorgan waboshelwa ukungakhokhi imali ebolekiwe futhi kusolakala ukuthi weba ihembe nothayi. Ngesikhathi esejele, wayengavalelwa ejele labakweletayo kuze kube yilapho kwenziwa ukubuyiselwa imali, okwakumvimbela ngokuphumelelayo ekushicileleni incwadi yakhe. Nokho, uMiller wezwa ngokuboshwa kukaMorgan futhi waya ejele ukuze akhokhe isikweletu futhi aqinisekise ukukhululwa kwakhe. Ngeshwa, inkululeko kaMorgan yaba eyesikhashana.
UMorgan waphinde waboshwa wabekwa icala lokwehluleka ukukhokha isikweletu sethaveni samadola amabili. Esimweni esimangalisayo, iqembu lamadoda lakholisa umkajele ukuba akhulule uMorgan. Bamhambisa ngenqola eyayilindile, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili, uMorgan wafika eFort Niagara. Kwakungokokugcina ebonakala ephila.
Imibono kanye nemiphumela
Isiphetho sikaWilliam Morgan sisalokhu siyindaba yokuqagela nokuqagela. Ithiyori eyamukelwa kabanzi ukuthi uMorgan wathathwa ngesikebhe wayiswa maphakathi nomfula iNiagara waphonswa emanzini, okungenzeka ukuthi waminza. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ama-akhawunti angqubuzanayo nemibiko yokuthi uMorgan ubonwa kwamanye amazwe, nakuba kungekho neyodwa yale mibiko eqinisekisiwe.
Ngo-Okthoba 1827, ogwini lweLake Ontario kwabona ukutholakala kwesidumbu esasibole kakhulu. Kwakucatshangwa kabanzi ukuthi kwakunguMorgan, ngakho-ke isidumbu sabekwa ngaphansi kwegama lakhe. Noma kunjalo, unkosikazi kaTimothy Monroe, waseCanada owaduka, ukuqinisekisile ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuthi ingubo ehlobise isidumbu kwakuyimpahla efanayo umyeni wakhe ayeyigqoke ngesikhathi enyamalala.
Ngokwencwadi kaMfundisi u-CG Finney ephikisana ne-Masonic Umlingiswa, Izimangalo, kanye Nokusebenza Okungokoqobo Kwe-Freemasonry (1869), uHenry L. Valance kuthiwa wenza isivumo sombhede wokufa ngo-1848, evuma ukubandakanyeka kwakhe ekubulaweni kukaMorgan. Lesi sigameko okusolwa kuso lesi sigameko sixoxwa esahlukweni sesibili.
Umphumela wokuduka kukaMorgan wawumkhulu kakhulu. Imizwa emelene neMason yakhukhula isizwe, kwaholela ekwakhiweni kwe-Anti-Masonic Party kanye nokuwa kwamaFreemasons eNew York. Lo mcimbi uphinde wasusa uphenyo olunzulu nezinyathelo zomthetho, okuholele ekugwetshweni nasekuboshweni kwamaMasons amaningana abandakanyeka ekuthumbeni nasekwakheni uzungu.
Isikhumbuzo sikaMorgan
Ngo-1882, i-National Christian Association, iqembu eliphikisana nezinhlangano eziyimfihlo, lakha itshe lesikhumbuzo emathuneni aseBatavia ukuze kukhunjulwe uWilliam Morgan. Leli tshe lesikhumbuzo, elibonwe abantu abangu-1,000, okuhlanganisa nabamele izindawo zokulala zeMasonic, linombhalo olandisa ngokuthunjwa nokubulawa kukaMorgan ngamaFreemasons. Leli tshe lesikhumbuzo limi njengobufakazi befa elihlala njalo kanye nemfihlakalo emayelana nokunyamalala kwakhe.
Ukumelwa kweminye imidiya
Indaba kaWilliam Morgan ithathe imicabango yababhali nababhali kuwo wonke umlando. UJohn Uri Lloyd, usokhemisi, wahlanganisa izici zokuthunjwa kukaMorgan enovelini yakhe edumile ethi “Etidorhpa.” Encwadini kaThomas Talbot ethi “The Craft: Freemasons, Secret Agents, kanye noWilliam Morgan,” kuhlolwa inguqulo eqanjiwe yokunyamalala kukaMorgan, ihlanganisa indaba yobunhloli nobuqili.
Amazwi wokugcina
Ukunyamalala okungaqondakali kukaWilliam Morgan kusaqhubeka nokusijabulisa futhi kusithakasela kuze kube namuhla. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwakhe okuthobekile njengomakhi kuya ekuzibandakanyeni kwakhe namaFreemasons kanye nokukhaphela kwakhe kokugcina, indaba kaMorgan ingenye yezimfihlo, uzungu, namandla ahlala njalo eqiniso. Njengoba sixazulula le mpicabadala yokunyamalala kwakhe, sikhunjuzwa ngomthelela omkhulu umuntu angaba nawo emlandweni. Ifa likaWilliam Morgan liyaqhubeka, liqoshwe kuze kube phakade emlandweni wenhlangano elwa noMason.
Ngemva kokufunda ngokunyamalala okungavamile kukaWilliam Morgan, funda ngakho URudolf Diesel - umsunguli wenjini kadizili owanyamalala emoyeni omncane!
