U-Dina Sanichar – ingane yasendle yaseNdiya ekhuliswe izimpisi
Ngo-1867, iqembu labazingeli kwadingeka limise amaloli alo ngemuva kokubona indawo exakile emahlathini ase Bulandshahr, esifundazweni saseNdiya esisenyakatho. Iqulu lezimpisi lalizulazula ehlathini elicinene lilandela ingane yomuntu eyayihamba ngezinyawo ezine; iphakethe labe selinyamalala emgedeni! Abazingeli abazange bamangale nje kuphela kodwa futhi bethuswa yilokho ababesanda kukubona.
Ngemva kwalokho, bazama ukukhipha iqulu lezimpisi emhumeni ngokuthungela umlilo emlonyeni walo. Njengoba izimpisi ziphinde zivela, abazingeli bawabulala futhi bathumba ingane yomuntu. Ingane eyisimangaliso kamuva yaqanjwa ngokuthi uDina Sanichar ― ingane eyisihluku eyakhuliswa izimpisi.
Icala lengane yempisi uDina Sanichar
U-Dina Sanichar - okusolakala ukuthi ungumfana waseNdiya oneminyaka eyisithupha owakhuliswa izimpisi emahlathini aseBulandshehr eNyakatho ye-India. USanichar wayengomunye wezingane eziningi ezitholakala eNdiya eminyakeni edlule. Izwe linomlando omude wezingane ezifuywayo ezihlanganisa izingane zempisi, izingane ze-panther, izingane zenkukhu, izingane zenja, ngisho izingane zensikazi.
Ezinganekwaneni nasemanovelini emhlabeni jikelele, ingane yasendle ivamise ukuvezwa njengesimangaliso nomlingiswa omangalisayo kepha empeleni, izimpilo zabo zingaba yizinganekwane ezimbi zokunganakwa nokuhlukaniswa ngokweqile. Ukubuyela kwabo emhlabeni "ophucukile" kwenza izindaba ezimangazayo kepha bese bekhohliwe, beshiya imibuzo ngemikhuba yokuziphatha ezungeze ukuziphatha komuntu nokuthi yini, empeleni, okusenza sibe ngabantu.
Ngemuva kokuthi uDina Sanichar ebanjiwe, walethwa ekhaya lezintandane elenziwa ngemishini, lapho abhabhadiswa khona wanikezwa igama lakhe - iSanichar lokho kusho ukuthi ngoMgqibelo ngesi-Urdu; njengoba atholakala ngoMgqibelo ehlathini.
Ubaba u-Erhardt, inhloko yeziphathimandla zaleli khaya lezintandane, waphawula ukuthi nakuba iSanichar “ngokungangabazeki i-pagal.
Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo yezingane esidumile, uWayne Dennis ucaphune izici eziningi eziyinqaba ezingokwengqondo ephepheni lakhe lowe-1941 le-American Journal of Psychology, “The Significance of Feral Man” uSanichar ayehlanganyele nalo. UDennis ubalule ukuthi uSanichar wayejwayele ukuhlala engahlanzekile futhi adle izinto umuntu ophucukile azithatha njengezinyanyekayo.
Ubuye wabhala, uSanichar wayedla inyama kuphela, edelela ukugqoka, futhi ecija amazinyo akhe emathanjeni. Yize ebebonakala engenalo ulwazi lolimi, ubengesona isimungulu, enza imisindo yezilwane esikhundleni. Njengoba uDennis achaza, izingane ezifuywayo zazingazweli ekushiseni nasemakhazeni futhi “zazingabathandi kangako abantu.”
Ukuphela komuntu uSanichar angaxhumana naye
Kodwa-ke uSanichar wakha isibopho nomuntu oyedwa: enye ingane yasendle etholakale eManpuri yase-Uttar Pradesh eyayilethwe ekhaya lezintandane. Ubaba u-Erhardt wagomela wathi, "Isibopho esingajwayelekile sozwelo sihlanganise laba bafana bobabili, futhi owokuqala wafundisa omncane ukuphuza ngaphandle kwenkomishi." Mhlawumbe ukudlula kwabo okufanayo kwabenza bakwazi ukuqonda kangcono ukwakha isibopho esinjalo sokuzwelana.
I-ornithologist edumile IValentine Ball umbhali we Impilo yaseJungle eNdiya (1880) kubhekwe uDina Sanichar njengesilwane sasendle esiphelele.
Izindaba zezingane zasendle eNdiya
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka amaNdiya ethakazelwe izinganekwane zengane yasendle. Bavame ukusho izinganekwane "zezingane eziyizimpisi" ezakhulela ehlathini elijulile. Kepha lezi akuzona izindaba nje. Izwe seliwabonile impela amacala amaningi anjalo. Cishe ngesikhathi kutholakala ingane yasendle uSanichar ehlathini laseNyakatho India, ezinye izingane ezine eziyizimpisi nazo zabikwa eNdiya, futhi eminyakeni edlule kwakuzovela ezinye eziningi.
Lezi zindaba nezinsumansumane zaba nomthelela kubabhali nezimbongi eziningi ekubumbeni ubuciko bazo ngendlela yezingane zasendle. URudyard Kipling, umbhali waseBrithani owahlala iminyaka eminingi eNdiya, naye wayehlatshwa umxhwele izindaba zezingane zase-India. Kungekudala ngemuva kokutholwa okuyisimangaliso kukaSanichar, uKipling wabhala iqoqo lezingane alithandayo i-The Jungle Book, lapho "ingane-encane" encane, uMowgli, izulazula ehlathini laseNdiya futhi yamukelwa yizilwane. Yileyo ndlela uDina Sanichar aziwa ngayo “njengoMowgli wangempela waseNdiya.”
Nakhu okwenzeka kuDina Sanichar ekugcineni
Umnakekeli kaSanichar, uBaba u-Erhardt, wayefake uSanichar ekamu “lezinguquko”, ehlela ngokucophelela yonke “inqubekela phambili” yakhe. USanichar waphila impilo yakhe yonke emfushane enakekelwa ikhaya lezintandane. Ngisho nangemva kweminyaka engama-20 yokuthintana nabantu, iSanichar yayinomqondo omncane noma ingenawo nhlobo umuzwa wokuziphatha kwabantu.
Indaba kaRomulus noRumus, abafana abangamawele abashiywa osebeni loMfula iTiber, banceliswa futhi banakekelwa yizimpisi, futhi babuyela empucukweni ukudala iRoma, okubizwa ngokuthi yisizinda sempucuko, mhlawumbe iyimpunzi edume kakhulu yaseNtshonalanga inganekwane yengane.
Indaba kaSanichar, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iphikisana nopholi kuleyo ndaba yasendle kuya endabeni enhle. Ungamkhipha umfana ehlathini, kepha hhayi ehlathini kulo mfana, ngokwendaba yakhe. ISanichar, njengezona zonke izingane zasendle, ibingasoze yangena ngokuphelele emphakathini, ikhetha ukuhlala endaweni emaphakathi engajabule.
Yize athola amandla okuhamba aqonde emilenzeni yakhe. Wayekwazi ukugqoka “kanzima,” futhi akwazi ukugcina umkhondo wenkomishi nepuleti lakhe. Uqhubekile nokuhogela konke ukudla kwakhe ngaphambi kokukudla, njalo ehlola noma yini ngaphandle kwenyama eluhlaza. Enye into exakile eyaqashelwa eSanichar ukuthi ngokuzithandela wamukela kuphela umkhuba womuntu wokubhema, futhi waba ngumuntu obhema kakhulu. Ushone ngo-1895, abanye bathi ubulawa yisifo sofuba.
NgoMgqibelo uMthiyane – enye ingane yasendle etholakala eNingizimu Afrika Kwazulu Jungle
Indaba kaDina Sanichar isikhumbuza okufanayo ingane yasendle ebizwa ngoMgqibelo uMthiyane, owatholakala nangoMgqibelo ka-1987 ehlathini lase-Afrika. Umfana oneminyaka emihlanu ubudala ubehlala phakathi kwezinkawu eduze komfula uThukela emathafeni aKwaZulu-Natal, eNingizimu Afrika. Ekhombisa ukuziphatha okwezilwane kuphela, uMgqibelo ubengakwazi ukukhuluma, ehamba ngezinyawo ezine, ethanda ukugibela ezihlahleni futhi ethanda izithelo, ikakhulukazi ubhanana. Ngokudabukisayo, wabhubha emlilweni ngo-2005.
