Iqembu lososayensi abavela emhlabeni wonke lihlonze i-fossil yomuntu eyingqayizivele eShayina ezihlukanisa kunoma iyiphi enye i-hominin eyatholwa ngaphambilini. Ayifani nomugqa wozalo owavela Neanderthals, IDenisovans, noma Homo sapiens, esikisela esinye isahluko esidinga ukunezelwa esihlahleni samanje somkhaya wesintu.
Ngonyaka ka-2019, i-Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) yethulwe umsebenzi wokuhlukanisa amathambo e-hominin, ebizwa ngokuthi i-HLD 6, atholakala e-East Asia's Hualongdong. Ososayensi abakwazanga ukukuhlobanisa nanoma yiziphi izinhlu ezaziwayo.
Ubuso be-hominin bukhumbuza uhlu lozalo lwesimanje lomuntu, olwahlukana nalo Homo erectus ekugcineni Eminyakeni engu-750,000 edlule. Nokho, ukuntuleka kwesilevu kumuntu kufana kakhulu nalokho kwe-a UDenisovan - uhlobo olwashabalala lwe-hominin yasendulo evela e-Asia eyahlukana namaNeanderthals eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-400,000 edlule.
Ngokubambisana nososayensi base-Xi'an Jiaotong University yase-China, i-University of York yase-UK, kanye ne-National Research Centre yase-Spain mayelana ne-Human Evolution, abacwaningi e-Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) bakholelwa ukuthi bahlonze inzalo engaziwa kuze kube manje - inhlanganisela yesayensi. igatsha elakhiqiza abantu besimanje kanye negatsha eladala amanye ama-hominins asendulo esifundeni, njengama-Denisovans.
Ngokomlando, izinsalela eziningi ze-hominin ezivela ku-Pleistocene ezitholwe e-China azizange zingene kalula kunoma yiluphi uhlu lozalo. Ngenxa yalokho, izinsalela ezinjalo zivame ukuchazwa njengokuhlukahluka okuphakathi endleleni eqondile esintwini sesimanje; njengesibonelo sakudala se-a Homo sapien, isibonelo, noma uhlobo oluthuthukisiwe lwe Homo erectus ekugcineni.
Lokhu kuqonda okuqondile, okuyisisekelo kube yinkulumo-mpikiswano futhi akwamukelwe kabanzi. Ngenkathi Homo erectus ekugcineni yaphikelela e-Indonesia kwaze kwaba cishe eminyakeni eyi-100,000 edlule, izinsalela ezisanda kutholakala eMpumalanga China zifana kakhulu nezinye izizukulwane zesimanje ze-hominin.
Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini olwenziwe kuma-genome e-Neanderthal atholakala e-Europe nasentshonalanga ye-Asia luveze izinkomba zegatsha lesine le-hominin elishiya phakathi nendawo ukuya e-Late Pleistocene.
Kodwa leli qembu elilahlekile alikaze likhonjwe ngokusemthethweni emlandweni wezinsalela. Mhlawumbe izinsalela ze-hominin zakamuva ezitholakala e-China ziwucezu olulahlekile lwe-puzzle.
Ababhali be- ukuhlaziywa chaza ukuthi umhlathi nogebhezi oluyizinsalela zomuntu oneminyaka engu-12 noma engu-13 ubudala, futhi nakuba ubuso bayo bunezici ezifana nezomuntu wesimanje, izitho nemilenze, isivalo sogebhezi nomhlathi “kubonakala kukhombisa izici zakudala.”
Imiphumela yabo yenza indlela eya kubantu banamuhla ibe nzima. I-mosaic yezici ezibonakalayo ezitholakala kule hominin yasendulo esikhundleni salokho isekela ukuhlalisana kwemigqa emithathu e-Asia - uzalo luka-H. erectus, uzalo luka-Denisovan, kanye nalolu olunye uhlu "olusondelene ngokwe-phylogenetically" kithi.
Homo sapiens kwavela kuphela eShayina eminyakeni eyi-120,000 edlule, kodwa kubonakala sengathi ezinye izici zethu 'zesimanje' zazikhona lapha kudala ngaphambi kwalokho. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukhokho wokugcina ovamile wama-H. sapiens namaNeanderthals wavela eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia futhi kamuva wasakazekela kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe lwemivubukulo manje luyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe lowo mbono.
Ucwaningo lwashicilelwa okokuqala ku Ijenali Yokuziphendukela Komuntu. 31 Julayi 2023.
