AmaPaiute, isizwe samaNdiya aseMelika esihlala ezingxenyeni zeNevada, sinokulandisa okuphathelene nokhokho babo nohlanga lwezinwele ezibomvu, imidondoshiya emhlophe abayitshela izifiki zokuqala zabamhlophe bendawo. Lezi zidalwa ezinkulu zichazwa ngokuthi “iSi-Te-Cah.” USarah Winnemucca Hopkins, indodakazi yenkosi yasePaiute yaseNdiya, wayibhala le ndaba encwadini yakhe "Impilo Phakathi KwamaPiutes: Amaphutha Awo Nezimangalo Zabo," eyanyatheliswa ngo-1882.
Lezi “zidlakela” ziye zachazwa njengezinonya, zingenabo ubungane futhi zidla nabantu. Naphezu kwenani labo elincane, iSi-Te-Cah yaba usongo olukhulu kumaPaiutes, ayeseqala nje ukuzinza endaweni.
Inganekwane ithi kube khona impi enkulu, iPaiute yakhonkxa futhi yaphoqelela imidondoshiya phansi yangena ohlelweni lomhubhe, yafaka amahlamvu ngaphezulu komnyango yabeka ngomlilo ngemicibisholo evuthayo, okwaholela ekuqothulweni kwayo esizeni manje esaziwa njenge Umgede Wothando.
I-akhawunti ayinakiwe izazi-mlando zanamuhla kanye nezazi zesayensi yabantu njengezinganekwane nezinganekwane, kodwa abanye bathi ubufakazi bemivubukulo busikisela okunye.
Abavubukuli bathola izinkulungwane zezinto ngaphakathi kwalo mhume ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, okwadala ukumba nokuqagela okude ukuthi insumansumane yePaiute iyiqiniso.
ILavelock Cave eNevada yaqala ukunaka abavubukuli ngo-1924, eminyakeni eyishumi nantathu emva kokuba abavukuzi beqale ukuvuna i-bat guano eyayikhulele phansi. I-bat guano eyomile ngumanyolo wendabuko ngokwesiko ongasetshenziswa engadini ephilayo.
Abavukuzi baqhubeka nokumba baze bahlunga izinsalela zasendulo ngaphakathi, ngaphansi kongqimba oluphezulu lwe-bat guano, zaba inkinga kakhulu. Ngokushesha nje lapho bezwa ngalokho abakutholile, bazisa iNyuvesi yaseCalifornia, kwaqala ukumbiwa.
Cishe izinhlobo ze-10,000 60 zemivubukulo zatholwa kubandakanya amathuluzi, amathambo, obhasikidi nezikhali. Ngokombiko, kuvulwe izidumbu ezingama-15 zokuphakama okulingene. Ama-duck decoys - phakathi kwamadala kunawo wonke aziwayo emhlabeni anezimpaphe ezisanamathele - nembadada engaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-365 ubude kwavubukulwa. Itshe elimise okwedonathi elinezinotshi ezingama-52 eziqoshwe ngaphandle nezingama-XNUMX ezihambelana nalo ngaphakathi latholakala, abanye ososayensi abakholelwa ukuthi ikhalenda.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukuphola ngemisebe ye-radiocarbon okwenziwe ekuvakasheni okulandelwayo kwathola okokusebenza kwemifino okusukela ngonyaka ka-2030 BC, isifazane lesifazane esivela ku-1450 BC, izicubu zomzimba womuntu ezithandana no-1420 BC, nobhasikidi osukela ngo-1218 BC. Abavubukuli baphetha kulokhu ukuthi ukuhlala kwabantu emhumeni waseLovelock, ngaleli siko, kwaqala ngonyaka we-1500 BC. Izazi zesayensi yanamuhla zibiza abantu ababehlala kule ndawo ngeSiko Lothando ngeNkathi ehlala iminyaka engaba ngu-3,000 XNUMX. Abavubukuli abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-Lovelock Culture yathathelwa indawo yi-Northern Paiutes.
Kunempikiswano ende mayelana nokuba yiqiniso kwezimangalo ezenziwe mayelana neLovelock Giants. Ngesikhathi kumbiwa okokuqala, kwakukhona imibiko yokutholwa kwezidumbu ezithambile zomdondoshiya obomvu onezinwele ezibomvu — eyodwa yayingowesifazane ubude obungamamitha angu-6.5, enye eyesilisa, ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-8 ubude.
Namuhla, izinto eziningi ezingezona ezabantu ezitholwe emgedeni weLovelock zingatholakala eminyuziyamu yendawo noma e-University of California eBerkeley Museum, kodwa lawo mathambo angaqondakali nezidumbu zomzimba akulula kangako ukuza ngazo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi, izinto zakudala, ngokwazo, zifakazela ukuthi isiko elithuthukile laba khona ngaphambi kwamaNdiya asePaiute, kepha ukuthi insumansumane yezinwele ezibomvu zaseLovelock inembile ngokomlando ihlala ingaziwa kuze kube namuhla.
Abagxeki bathi ukungcoliswa ngamakhemikhali ngomhlaba ngemuva kokungcwatshwa kwakuyisizathu esingaholela ekutheni izidumbu ezigqunyiwe zibe nezinwele ezibomvu esikhundleni sobumnyama, njengamaNdiya amaningi akuleyo ndawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo olwenziwe eNyuvesi yaseNevada lukhombisa ukuthi “imidondoshiya” yayingamamitha ayisithupha ubude, futhi ingafiki kumamitha ayi-8 ubude njengoba bekushiwo.
Uzothola ukugijimisana uma ufuna ukuzibonela lezi zimumumu. Imnyuziyamu eyodwa izokwazisa ukuthi enye inayo, futhi ngokufanayo, njalonjalo. Abavukuzi bokuqala kanye nabembi bathi izidumbu eziningana (ezingaphelele neziphelele) zavubukulwa, kepha kulezi zinsuku, konke ongakubona ngokuqinisekile kungumhlathi owodwa kanye nogebhezi olulodwa oluyimisipha. IHumboldt County Museum eseWinnemucca inenye yezingebhezi.
Ngeke sazi ukuthi izidumbu zasemgedeni weLovelock zike zaba khona noma zafihlwa ngenhloso. Izinto zobuciko ezikhona zibonakala zisekela inganekwane yePaiute, futhi ubufakazi bokuthi i-gigantism butholiwe futhi buqoshwe ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba. Ngaphandle kwezidumbu ezinkulu ngokwazo, isimangalo seLovelock Cave sibonakala sinazo zonke izingcezu ezidingekayo.
Ngabe bangcwatshwa endaweni yokugcina izimpahla ukuze isintu singaboni amaphutha omlando wanamuhla? Noma ingabe kwakuyinhlanganisela eyinsumansumane yenganekwane yasendulo namathambo ambalwa ayindida ngaphandle komlando?
