Isakhiwo setempile yothixo welanga uRa e-Heliopolis sinxulunyaniswa negama loyilo lakudala wase-Egypt, u-Imhotep. Uphawu lwakhe oluphambili yayililitye elingaqhelekanga, elenziwe ngecone, elalidla ngokubekwa kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
Kwintsomi yamaGrike, olu phawu lusuku lungcwele lwalubizwa ngokuba yiphiramidi. Kufanele ukuba ibe yinto yokuqala ukubulisa ukuphuma kwelanga kunye nokugqibela ukubona ukutshona kwelanga. Itempile yelanga e-Heliopolis ayikho nje indala kuneepiramidi zokuqala, kodwa ke yayisetyenziswa njengomzekelo kwezinye iitempile zepiramidi.
Ngokutsho kweengcali ze-Egyptologists, iiphiramidi zokuqala zase-Egypt kufuneka zinxulunyaniswe nokujonga ngqo imitha yelanga, ukungena kwamafu kusinga phezulu. Kodwa le mbono ayicacanga ncam malunga nokuba yintoni unxibelelwano phakathi kwemitha yelanga kunye neepramramidi zenyathelo.
Iphiramidi ye-Djoser
Ngeentsuku ezomileyo nezinelanga ukuphuma kwelanga kukhangeleka njengokukhula okuthe ngcembe kokukhanya okuluqilima. Imizuzwana embalwa ngaphambi kokuphuma kwelanga, ilanga likhangeleka ngathi yiphiramidi yenyathelo kwaye, emva komzuzwana omfutshane, iba yidiski yokukhanya esikubona yonke imihla.
Izazi ngemozulu zichaza ukuba imbonakalo yelanga ecekeceke yenzeka xa imitha yelanga igobele kwi "prism" yomoya, kodwa umbono awucacanga kuba ubume beatmosfera ejijekileyo bujijela phezulu. Iphiramidi yokukhanya eqaqambileyo ifana nesidalwa esikhulu esivelayo. Ngoku kuyacaca ukuba kutheni ilanga lenkolo lifakwe kwinkqubo yenkolelo ye-Egypt yamandulo.
Ukwakhiwa kweephiramidi ezinkulu kwaqala ngephiramidi yesinyathelo seDjoser. Kodwa kamva, emva kwengxabano eqhubekayo yedynastic, amaYiputa kwakhona ajika aba ziiphiramidi ezithe tyaba. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iiphiramidi ezigcinwe kakuhle.
Kungenzeka ukuba i-Imhotep yakha iphiramidi ngenjongo ebonakalayo. Iiphiramidi zolu hlobo zinokusetyenziswa njengezixhobo ezithumela imiqondiso yokukhanya, ebizwa ngokuba ziiheligrafi. Iimpawu zinokutshintsha icala, ngokugubungela amacala ahlukeneyo epiramidi. Ezo mpawu zazinokusetyenziselwa ukulumkisa ngokuhlasela kotshaba.
'I-telegraph elula' kwi-Egypt yakudala
Kwiiphiramidi zase-Egypt, "iitrafgraphic ezikhanyayo" zazinokwazi ukusebenza kwanasebusuku. I-Giant, ephantse ya tyaba, iipleyiti zodongwe, zigcwele ioyile enokutsha, ziya kuba nakho ukuvelisa ukukhanya okwaneleyo ukuba kuboniswe kumacala axhonywe kwiphiramidi. Ukukhanya kuya kubonakala ubuncinci kwi-10 km.
Abanye abembi bezinto zakudala kunye neenjineli bakholelwa ukuba eyona njongo iphiramidi yamanyathelo yayingengokungcwaba abafileyo. Amanyathelo eepiramidi zase-Egypt asebenza njengenkqubo eyodwa yokunxibelelana ngomnxeba, ebandakanya i-pyramidal dionctric resonators kunye ne-eriyali eziphikisayo.
Ngokwalethiyori, onke amatonela, iivesi, imigodi yokungenisa umoya, amagumbi okungcwaba, kunye neetempile zangaphakathi zazisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amaza, ii-resonators, iifilitha, njl.
Iiphiramidi zenziwe ngegranite kunye nebasalt, ke umbane awukho mbuzo, kodwa "i-paleoelectricity" kwi-Egypt yakudala yinto eqhubeka nokukhathaza iikhonsepthi eziqhelekileyo zembali. Makhe sijonge enye, ifresco yamandulo engaqhelekanga eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Dendera Light".
Abakhonzi bakaFaro babamba into engaqhelekanga, efana nebhalbhu, edityaniswe kumqhubi kunye nebhetri (uphawu lwe-Djed). Zininzi iinguqulelo malunga nokuba amaYiputa amandulo ayenokuzisebenzisa njani “izinto zakudala zombane”, kodwa akukho nanye kuzo enokungqinwa kuba ifresco ikhatshwa kuphela yingoma yenkolo yokuhlonipha uRa.
Olunye uhlobo-abembi bezinto zakudala bakholelwa ukuba ezi mpawu ngokuqinisekileyo zimele izixhobo zombane. Baxhasa iingcamango zabo ngezinto ezifunyaniswe kwinzululwazi ngezinto zakudala, ezinje ngezihambisi zobhedu kunye nezinto ezinkulu zodongwe, ezibizwa ngokuba yi Iibhetri zeBaghdad, nto leyo kude kube namhla isavusa iingxoxo phakathi kwabembi bezinto zakudala.
Ngubani kwaye kutheni ufundise amaYiputa amandulo ukusebenzisa umbane uhlala eyimfihlakalo elinde ukusonjululwa.
