Makoko ekare anoratidza mazana enyuchi dzakacheneswa kubva panguva yavanaFarao

Makore angangoita 2975 apfuura, Pharaoh Siamun akatonga pamusoro peLower Egypt ukuwo Zhou Dynasty yaitonga kuChina. Munguva iyi, muna Israeri, Soromoni akamirira kutsiva kwake pachigaro choumambo pashure paDhavhidhi. Munharaunda yatave kuziva sePortugal, madzinza akange ave pedyo nekupera kweBronze Age. Zvinonyanya kukosha, munzvimbo yemazuva ano yeOdemira kumhenderekedzo yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwePortugal, chiitiko chisina kujairika uye chisina kujairika chakaitika: nhamba yakakura yenyuchi dzakaparara mukati memikoko yadzo, maitiro adzo akaomarara akachengetedzwa zvakachengetedzwa.

Mune chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa chakawanikwa, nyuchi dzakacherwa dzakavharirwa mumakoko dzadzo dzakafukunurwa mumhenderekedzo yePortugal inoyevedza iri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero. Iyi inoshamisa nzira yefossilization yakapa masayendisiti mukana wakasarudzika wekunyatso ongorora hupenyu hwezvipembenene izvi zvekare, kujekesa nezve ecological zvinhu zvingave zvakavakanganisa, uye nekugona kunzwisisa kukanganisa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kune nyuchi dzemazuva ano.

Mazana enyuchi dzakakuvadzwa mukati memikoko yadzo akawanikwa kumhenderekedzo yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwePortugal, munzvimbo itsva yepaleontological pamhenderekedzo yeOdemira.
Mazana enyuchi dzakakuvadzwa mukati memikoko yadzo akawanikwa kumhenderekedzo yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwePortugal, munzvimbo itsva yepaleontological pamhenderekedzo yeOdemira. Andrea Baucon / Kushandisa Kwakanaka

Nyuchi, idzo dzakachengetedzwa kusvika pamwero wakasiyana-siyana, dzinopa vatsvakurudzi ruzivo pamusoro pehutano hwavo, marudzi, uye kunyange pollen yakasiiwa naamai. Pakazara, nzvimbo ina dzepa paleontological dzakazara neiyi isingawanzo kuwanikwa dzakawanikwa mudunhu reOdemira kuPortugal, nenzvimbo yega yega ichizvikudza yakawandisa yezvisaririra zvenyuchi. Asi zvichida chinhu chinonyanya kufadza pakuwanikwa uku kuswedera pedyo kwenyuchi nenguva, sezvo zvikoko izvi zvakatangira makore anoda kusvika 3,000 XNUMX.

Makokoni, akawanikwa, akakonzerwa nefossilization nzira isingawanikwe - kazhinji marangwanda ezvipembenene izvi anokurumidza kuora nekuda kwekuumbwa kwawo kwechitinous, inova organic compound.
Makokoni, akawanikwa, akakonzerwa nefossilization nzira isingawanikwe - kazhinji marangwanda ezvipembenene izvi anokurumidza kuora nekuda kwekuumbwa kwawo kwechitinous, inova organic compound. Andrea Baucon / Kushandisa Kwakanaka

Nyuchi dzakacheneswa ndedzerudzi rweEucera, imwe yemhando dzinosvika mazana manomwe dzenyuchi dzichiri kugara munyika yePortugal nhasi. Kuvapo kwavo kunopa mubvunzo: ndeapi mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza akatungamira mukuparara kwavo uye nekuchengetedzwa kwakatevera? Nepo zvikonzero chaizvo zvichiramba zvisina kujeka, vaongorori vakafungidzira kuti kudzikira kwetembiricha yehusiku kana mafashama akareba enzvimbo angadai akaita chikamu.

Kuti vaongorore zvakare zvienzaniso izvi zvisingawanzoitiki, vesainzi vakashandura kuita microcomputed tomography, nzira yekufungidzira ine mativi matatu-dimensional mifananidzo yenyuchi dzakaiswa mukati mukati memikoko yadzo yakavharwa. Iyi tekinoroji inokatyamadza inobvumira vaongorori kuti vaongorore zvakaomarara zvimiro zvezvipembenene uye kuwana ruzivo rwakakosha muhupenyu hwavo hwekare.

X-ray micro-computed tomography maonero emurume Eucera nyuchi (ventral) mukati mekoko yakavharwa. Maonero akawanikwa muICTP ElettramicroCT, Trieste's Elettra synchrotron radiation station muItaly.Mufananidzo unoratidza magadzirirwo ekamuri yakacherwa yebrood chamber yakavharwa nespiral cap, ine nyuchi yakakura iri pedyo nekusiya sero.
X-ray micro-computed tomography maonero emurume Eucera nyuchi (ventral) mukati mekoko yakavharwa. Maonero akawanikwa muICTP ElettramicroCT, Trieste's Elettra synchrotron radiation station muItaly.Mufananidzo unoratidza magadzirirwo ekamuri yakacherwa yebrood chamber yakavharwa nespiral cap, ine nyuchi yakura iri pedyo nekusiya sero. Federico Bernardini / ICTP.

Kunyangwe kuwanikwa kwenyuchi idzi dzakacheneswa pasina kupokana kuchishamisa mukati uye pachezvako, ndiko kugona kwadzo ndiko kuri kutonyanya kufadza. Sezvo nyika iri kunetsekana nekutyisidzira kuri kukura kunokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, kudzikira kweakakosha mapollin senyuchi yave nyaya yekuwedzera kunetseka. Nekunzwisisa kuti nyuchi idzi dzingave dzakakanganiswa sei nekuchinja kwezvakatipoteredza munguva yakapfuura, masayendisiti anotarisira kuwana ruzivo pamusoro pehuwandu hwenyuchi huripo uye kugadzira mazano ekusimba mune ramangwana.

Iyo Naturtejo Geopark, inotenderedza dunhu reOdemira, inoita basa repakati mukutsvaga uku. Sechikamu cheUNESCO World Network, iyo geopark inovhara akati wandei makanzuru uye yakatsaurirwa kuchengetedza uye kuongorora iyo geological uye ecological zvinoshamisa zvedunhu. Kuwanikwa kwenyuchi dzakacheneswa kunowedzera humwe hupfumi kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshamisa zve geopark uye kunosimbisa kukosha kwayo mukunzwisisa kuoma kwakaoma kwepasi redu.


Zvakawanikwa zvinoburitswa mujenari Mapepa muPalaeontology. 27 Chikunguru 2023.