Kwemazana emakore, vaInuit nevaYupik vokuAlaska neCanada vari kuchamhembe kweCanada vakavimba nemagirazi egirazi echando kuti avabatsire kufamba mumamiriro ezvinhu echando akaoma eArctic. Midziyo iyi youngwaru, yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakadai sebhonzo, nyanga dzenzou, huni, kana kuti nyanga dzenzou, haina kungodzivirira maziso omunhu akapfeka kupenya kwezuva kwairatidza kunze kwechando, asiwo yakawedzera kuona kwawo mumamiriro ezvinhu echiedza chakaderera. Nemitswe yadzo, magirazi aibvumira vavhimi veInuit kuti vaone mhuka dziri kure, kunyangwe mumazuva akasviba zvakanyanya echando. Asi magirazi aya aipfuura maturusi anoshanda - aivewo mabasa eunyanzvi, akavezwa zvine mutsindo nemagadzirirwo akanaka uye aiwanzopfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa.
Nhoroondo uye shanduko yeInuit magirazi echando
Nhoroondo yeInuit magirazi echando anotangira makore anopfuura 2,000. Mienzaniso yepakutanga-tanga yakagadzirwa kubva pabhonzo nenyanga dzenzou, ine mitswe yakatetepa yakavezwa kumberi kuti ikwanise kuoneka. Aya magirazi ekutanga aive akapfava mukugadzira asi achibudirira mukudzivirira maziso kubva pakupenya kwezuva.
Nekufamba kwenguva, dhizaini yeInuit girazi rechando yakashanduka uye yakawedzera kuoma. Iyo mitsetse iri pamberi pegogi yakawedzera, ichibvumira kuoneka kukuru, uye magirazi pachawo akave akakwenenzverwa mukugadzira kwavo. Pakazosvika zana ramakore rechi 19, Inuit magirazi echando akange ave maturusi ane hunyanzvi, ane magadzirirwo akasiyana uye zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana. Mamwe magogi akagadzirirwa kuvhima, ane mitsetse yakamanikana uye chimiro chakakwenenzverwa kuti kuderedze kupikisa kwemhepo, nepo mamwe akagadzirirwa kufamba, ane slits yakakura uye yakanyatso kugadzikana.
Pasinei nekusiyana kwakawanda mukugadzira, ese maInuit magirazi echando akagovera chinangwa chakafanana - kuchengetedza maziso kubva pakupenya kwezuva kunoratidza kubva muchando. Iko kushanduka kwemagogi aya chiratidzo chehungwaru uye hunyanzvi hwevanhu veInuit, vakakwanisa kuchinjika nekuvandudza kuti vararame mune imwe yenzvimbo dzakaomarara paPasi.
Zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kugadzira Inuit magirazi echando
Inuit magirazi echando aigarogadzirwa kubva kumhando dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira bhonzo, nyanga dzenzou, huni, uye nyanga. Chigadzirwa chega chega chaive nechayo chakasiyana uye chakasarudzwa nekuda kwekukodzera kwayo mukugadzira magirazi echando.
Bone nenyanga dzenzou ndizvo zvainyanya kushandiswa kugadzira Inuit magirazi echando. Zvinhu izvi zvaiwanikwa zviri nyore kuvanhu veInuit uye zvaive nyore kuveza muchimiro chaidiwa. Mabhonzo nenyanga dzenzou aiwanzo gadzirwa kubva pashaya yemhuka hombe inoyamwisa, yakadai sewalrus kana whale, uye yainyanya kukosha nekuda kwekugara uye simba.
Wood yaishandiswawo kugadzira Inuit magirazi echando, kunyange izvi zvaive zvisinganyanyi kuwanzoitika pane bhonzo nenyanga dzenzou. Magirazi emapuranga aiwanzo gadzirwa kubva kubirch kana willow uye akavezwa muchimiro chaidiwa achishandisa banga kana chimwe chinhu chakapinza.
Antler chaive chimwe chinhu chaimboshandiswa kugadzira Inuit magirazi echando. Antler goggles aiwanzo gadzirwa kubva kune antlers e caribou kana reindeer, iyo yakavezwa muchimiro chaidiwa uye ndokukwenenzverwa kusvika pakupera kwayo.
Chinangwa chinoshanda cheInuit snow goggles
Basa rekutanga remagirazi echando eInuit raive rekudzivirira maziso kubva pakupenya kwezuva kwairatidza chando. Kupenya uku, kunozivikanwa se "snow blindness," kunogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwekuona kwechinguvana kana zvachose kana kukasarapwa.
Inuit magirazi echando akagadzirirwa kudzivirira upofu hwechando kuburikidza nekusefa kunze kwemwaranzi inokuvadza yezuva. Mipata yakatetepa kumberi kwegirazi yaibvumira kuonekwa uku ichivharira chiedza chakajeka chezuva. Magadzirirwo emagirazi akabatsirawo kuderedza kuwanda kwechiedza chaipinda mumaziso, izvo zvakawedzera kuderedza dambudziko rekupofomara kwechando zvachose.
Pamusoro pekudzivirira maziso kubva kuupofu hwemazaya echando, Inuit magirazi echando aibatsirawo kudzivirira maziso kubva kumhepo nekutonhora. Magirazi egirazi aibatsira kuti misodzi isaoma kumeso izvo zvaigona kukonzera kusagadzikana uye kunyange chando.
Prof. Mogens Norn, chiremba wemaziso wekuDanish, yaona kuti Inuit magirazi echando akakwirira kune akajairwa magirazi kana mimvuri mumamiriro e polar sezvo asingaputi kana kuunganidza ice. Prof. Norn akafadzwa nekushanda uye nyore kwekushandisa magirazi echando eInuit paaiongorora kushanda kwawo.
Kukosha kwetsika kweInuit magirazi echando
Kupfuura chinangwa chavo chekushanda, Inuit magirazi echando aivewo nehupfumi hwakakosha hwetsika. Magirazi maviri ega ega aiwanzoshongedzwa nemifananidzo yakaoma kunzwisisa uye magadzirirwo aitaura nyaya dzemararamiro evaInuit.
Izvi zvakavezwa uye magadzirirwo aiwanzo fananidzira, achimiririra zvakakosha zveInuit tsika sekuvhima, hove, uye zvemweya. Mamwe magirazi airatidza mhuka kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakasikwa, nepo mamwe aive akashongedzwa nemapeteni ejometri kana dhizaini.
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvakavezwa paInuit magirazi echando zvakapfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa, paine imwe neimwe mitsva yegogi ichitaura nyaya yakasarudzika nezvemhuri yeanopfeka uye nhaka yetsika.
Zvigadzirwa zvechinyakare uye zvakavezwa zvinowanikwa paInuit magirazi echando
Magirazi echando eInuit aiwanzoshongedzwa nemifananidzo yakaoma kunzwisisa uye magadzirirwo airatidza nhaka yetsika yomupfeki. Mamwe eanowanzo dhizaini uye kuvezwa anowanikwa paInuit magogi echando anosanganisira:
- Mhuka motifs: Magirazi mazhinji echando eInuit akashongedzwa nemifananidzo yemhuka dzakadai semapere, caribou, uye zvisimbiso. Mhuka idzi dzaiwanzofananidzirwa muchimiro chechimiro, chine zvinhu zvakanyanyisa uye mapatani akaoma kunzwisisa.
- Geometric mapatani Inuit magirazi echando aiwanzoshongedzwa nemaitiro ejometri, akadai sematatu, masikweya, uye madenderedzwa. Aya mapatani aiwanzo fananidzira uye aimiririra zvakakosha zveInuit tsika, senge mana makadhinari nzira.
- Abstract designs: Mamwe magirazi echando eInuit airatidza madhizaini asina kujeka, akadai sekutenderera, spirals, uye mamwe mapatani akaomarara. Aya magadzirirwo aiwanzo shongedzwa zvakanyanya uye aiitirwa kumiririra zvemweya uye zvisinganzwisisike zveInuit tsika.
Hunyanzvi uye hunyanzvi hunobatanidzwa mukugadzira Inuit magirazi echando
Maitiro ekugadzira Inuit magirazi echando chaive hunyanzvi hwepamusoro chaida makore ekudzidziswa uye ruzivo. Danho rokutanga pakugadzira magirazi echando raiva rokusarudza zvinhu zvakakodzera, zvakadai sebhonzo, nyanga dzenzou, huni, kana kuti nyanga dzenzou.
Kana zvinhu zvacho zvangosarudzwa, mhizha yaizoshandisa banga kana kuti chimwe chinhu chinopinza kuveza zvinhu zvacho kuti zvive muchimiro chaidiwa. Mitsero iri pamberi pemagirazi akanyatsovezwa kuti ape huwandu hwakanyanya hwekuona uku achivharira kunze kwechiedza chakajeka chezuva.
Mushure mokunge magirazi egirazi akavezwa, aiwanzoshongedzwa nemifananidzo yakaoma uye yakagadzirwa. Iyi yaive nzira ine hunyanzvi yaida hunyanzvi uye moyo murefu. Iwo akavezwa aiwanzo fananidzira uye aimiririra zvakakosha zveInuit tsika, sekuvhima, hove, uye zvemweya.
Inuit Snow Goggles mu Mazuva Ano
Nhasi, magirazi echando eInuit achiri kushandiswa nedzimwe nhengo dzenharaunda yeInuit, kunyanya vaya vanogara munzvimbo dziri kure dzeArctic. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwemagetsi echando kwave kushoma mumakore achangopfuura, sezvo teknolojia yemazuva ano yakaita kuti zvive nyore kudzivirira maziso kubva pakupenya kwezuva.
Zvisinei neizvi, Inuit girazi rechando rinoramba rakabata nzvimbo yakakosha muInuit tsika, uye magadzirirwo awo akasiyana uye kuveza zvichiri kufarirwa nevateresi nevanofarira pasirese.
Kupi kwekuona uye kutenga Inuit snow goggles
Kana iwe uchifarira kuona kana kutenga Inuit snow goggles, kune nzvimbo shoma kwaunogona kuzviwana. Mazhinji mamuseum uye masangano etsika ane muunganidzwa weInuit magirazi echando anoratidzwa, kwaunogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve nhoroondo yavo uye kukosha kwetsika.
Iwe unogona zvakare kuwana Inuit echando magirazi anotengeswa pamhepo kana muzvitoro zvakakosha zvinonyanya kukoshesa Inuit art uye zvigadzirwa. Aya magogi anogona kudhura zvakanyanya, sezvo achiwanzo gadzirwa nemaoko uye anokosheswa zvakanyanya nevanotora.
mhedziso
Inuit magirazi echando chiratidzo chinoshamisa cheuchenjeri uye kugona kwevanhu veInuit, vakadzidza kurarama mune imwe yenzvimbo dzakaoma kwazvo paPasi. Aya magirazi haangoshandi chete asiwo akagadzirwa zvakanaka, ane madhizaini akaomarara uye kuveza zvinotaurira nyaya dzeInuit tsika nenhaka.
Nepo Inuit magirazi echando asinganyanyi kushandiswa nhasi kupfuura kare, anoramba aine nzvimbo yakakosha muInuit tsika, uye magadzirirwo awo akasiyana uye zvakavezwa zvichiri kufarirwa nevaunganidzi nevanofarira pasi rese.
