Hama yemunhu yatsakatika Homo naledi, ane uropi hwaive chikamu chimwe muzvitatu saizi yedu, vakaviga vakafa vavo uye akavezwa madziro ebako makore akapoteredza 300,000 apfuura, maererano nekutsvakurudza kutsva kuri kupidigura dzidziso dzagara dziripo dzekuti vanhu vemazuva ano chete nevazukuru vedu veNeanderthal vaigona kuita mabasa aya akaomarara.
Zvisinei, dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti humbowo hahuna kukwana kugumisa Homo naledi kuviga kana kurangarira vakafa vavo.
Vanochera matongo vakatanga kuwana zvisaririra zve Homo naledi muRising Star Cave system yeSouth Africa muna 2013. Kubva ipapo, zvinopfuura 1,500 zvimedu zveskeletal kubva kuvanhu vakawanda zvakawanikwa mukati me 2.5 mamaira-kureba (4 kilometers) system.
Iyo anatomy ye Homo naledi inosanozivikanwa nokuda kwekuchengetedzwa kunoshamisa kwezvisaririra zvavo; vaive zvisikwa zvipenyu zvine bipedal zvaimira zvakatenderedza 5 tsoka (1.5 metres) kureba uye huremu 100 pounds (45 kilograms), uye vaive nemaoko ane hunyanzvi uye uropi hudiki asi hwakaoma, hunhu hwakakonzera kukakavara pamusoro pekuoma kwemaitiro avo. Muchidzidzo che2017 chakaburitswa mujenari eLife, Rising Star timu yakataura izvozvo Homo naledi vakanga vaviga vakafa vavo nemaune mugadziriro yebako.
Gore rino mumusangano wenhau muna Chikumi 1, paleoanthropologist Lee Berger, chirongwa cheRising Star chinotungamira, uye vaanoshanda navo buttress vanoti nezvidzidzo zvitatu zvitsva, zvakaburitswa Muvhuro (Chikumi 5) pane preprint server bioRxiv, iyo pamwe chete yakaburitsa humbowo hukuru kusvika parizvino. Homo naledi vakaviga vakafa vavo nemaune uye akagadzira zvinyorwa zvine musoro padombo pamusoro pemakuva. Zvakawanikwa hazvisati zvaongororwa nevezera rako.
Tsvagiridzo itsva iyi inotsanangura makomba maviri asina kudzika, akaita seovhari pauriri hwekamuri imwe yebako yaive nesarasara yemaskeletal inopindirana nekuvigwa kwemitumbi yenyama yaive yakafukidzwa netsvina ichibva yaora. Kumwe kwekuvigwa kwacho kungangove kwaisanganisira chipiriso cheguva: chinhu chimwe chete chedombo chakawanikwa chiri pedyo neruoko nemapfupa emaoko.
Berger akataura mumusangano wevatori venhau kuti "tinonzwa kuti vakasangana nemuedzo wekuvigwa kwevanhu kana kuvigwa kwekare." Kana ikabvumwa, dudziro dzevaongorori dzaizodzosera kumashure humbowo hwekutanga hwekuvigwa zvine chinangwa nemakore 100,000 XNUMX, rekodhi yaimboitwa na. Homo sapiens.
Kuwanikwa kwe abstract engravings pamadziro edombo yeRising Star Cave system inoratidzawo izvozvo Homo naledi aive nemaitiro akaomarara, vaongorori vanoratidza mune imwe preprint nyowani. Iyi mitsetse, maumbirwo, uye "hashtag"-yakafanana manhamba anoita kunge akagadzirwa panzvimbo dzakanyatsogadzirirwa dzakagadzirwa ne Homo naledi, akacheka dombo padombo asati atemera nechishandiso chedombo. Hudzamu hwemutsara, kuumbwa uye kurongeka zvinoratidza kuti dzakagadzirwa zvine chinangwa pane kuumbwa zvakangoitika.
"Pane kuvigwa kwerudzi urwu pazasi pezvakavezwa izvi," Berger akadaro, izvo zvinoratidza kuti iyi yaive Homo naledi nzvimbo yemagariro. "Vakachinja zvakanyanya nzvimbo iyi mumakiromita emapako epasi pevhu."
Mune kumwe kudhindwa, Agustín Fuentes, anthropologist paPrinceton University, uye vaanoshanda navo vanoongorora sei Homo naledi akashandisa hurongwa hwebako. “Kuiswa kwakarongwa uye kwakarongwa kwemitumbi inoverengeka mugadziriro yeNyeredzi Inobuda” pamwe chete nezvakatemwa ufakazi hwokuti ava vanhu vaiva nenhevedzano yakagoverana yezvitendero kana kuti fungidziro dzine chokuita norufu uye vangave vakarangarira vakafa, “chimwe chinhu munhu angati ‘kusuruvara kwakagoverana. ' muvanhu vemazuva ano,” vakanyora kudaro. Vamwe vaongorori, zvisinei, havana chokwadi zvizere nedudziro itsva.
“Vanhu vanogona kunge vakaita zvikwekwe pamatombo. Izvo hazvina kukwana kupa munhaurirano iyi yekufunga zvisiri izvo, ”Athreya akadaro. Panewo mibvunzo yekuti sei Homo naledi akapinda muRising Star Cave system; fungidziro yekuti zvakanga zvakaoma zvinovakira dudziro dzakawanda dzevaongorori dzemaitiro ane musoro.
