Antarctica ingangove yakawanikwa makore 1,100 XNUMX vaongorori vekumadokero vasati vaiwana

Pashure pokufunda nhoroondo dzinotaurwa nomuromo dzePolynesia, nzvero isina kubudiswa, uye kuvezwa kwematanda, vanzveri veNew Zealand zvino vanodavira kuti vafambisi vengarava veMāori vakasvika muAntarctica inopfuura mireniyumu mumwe munhu upi noupi asati auya.

Vatsvagiri veNew Zealand vakawana kuti vanhu vekuPolynesia vanogona kunge vaive vekutanga kuwana nyika iri kure yePasi kuSouth Pole, Antarctica kutanga muzana ramakore rechinomwe. MaPolynesia iboka revanhu veAustronesian vanosanganisira Rotumans, Samoans, Tongans, Niueans, Cook Islands Māori, Tahitian Mā'ohi, Hawaiian Māoli, Marquesans uye New Zealandic Māori. Vatsvagiri veNew Zealand vakawana izvo zvinonzi "grey mabhuku”kusanganisira marekodhi emuromo, mabasa ekare echinyakare uye asiri ezvidzidzo masosi ekuona hukama pakati pevanhu veMaori neAntarctica.

Antarctica ingangove yakawanikwa makore 1,100 vaongorori vekumadokero vasati vawana 1
Huru yakafuratira pamusoro pechando chechando chinoyangarara muSouthern Ocean yeAntarctica. © iStock

Priscilla Wehi, muongorori anotungamira wechidzidzo ichi kubva kuhurumende yeNew Zealand yekutsvagisa sangano reManaaki Whenua, akaudza New Zealand Herald, “Hatina kuwana izvi, irondedzero inozivikanwa…Basa redu rakanga riri rokuunza pamwechete ruzivo rwose [kusanganisira tsika dzaitaurwa uye mabhuku egrey] uye kuzvizivisa kunyika.” Chidzidzo chinotungamirwa naManaaki Whenua Landcare Research naTe Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu, chidzidzo chakanyanya kutarisana nekubatana kweMaori nekondinendi iri kure nechando. Kuonekwa kwekutanga kurekodhwa kweAntarctica kwakaitika parwendo rweRussia muna 1820, uye munhu wekutanga kubata kondinendi yakaomeswa nechando akanyoreswa semuongorori weAmerica muna 1821.

Antarctica ingangove yakawanikwa makore 1,100 vaongorori vekumadokero vasati vawana 2
VaMaori nezvikepe zvavo zvehondo, sezvinoratidzwa muna 1827. © Wikimedia Commons

Nekudaro, bepa idzva raratidza kuti rwendo rwekumaodzanyemba rwakaitwa nemukuru wePolynesia Hui Te Rangiora nevashandi vake rwakaitika zviuru zvemakore rwendo rweRussia rusati rwasvika. Sekureva kwechidzidzo, zvakatora nguva refu Māori asati atamira kuNew Zealand. Kunyangwe nhoroondo zhinji dzePolynesia dzakavakirwa patsika dzepamuromo uye zvakawanikwa zvakakura sekusvika kuAntarctica zvinonzi hazvina kucherechedzwa, masayendisiti eMāori ari kuratidza kuti inzvimbo yakavimbika yehumbowo.

"Māori kutora chikamu murwendo rweAntarctic haawanzo kubvumwa. Takawana batano pakati peMāori neAntarctica nemvura dzayo dzave dzichiitika kubvira parwendo rwekare rwegamuchidzanwa, uye gare gare kupfurikidza nokutora rutivi mukufamba nokuongorora kunotungamirirwa neEurope, nzvero yesayenzi yazvino uno, kuredza, uye zvimwe kwamazana amakore.”—Priscilla Wehi.

Antarctica ingangove yakawanikwa makore 1,100 vaongorori vekumadokero vasati vawana 3
Mufananidzo wevarwi veMāori pakati perwendo. Vashandi vanopikisa kuzvidza kuKambani yeChikepe. Alexander Sporing, 1769. © Wikimedia Commons

Vatsvagiri vakati mune chirevo, "Māori kutora chikamu mukufamba kweAntarctic uye rwendo rwakaenderera mberi nanhasi. Vatsvagiri vanoti zvakakosha kuti tsvakiridzo iitwe kuzadza mapundu eruzivo, uye kuve nechokwadi chekubatanidzwa kweMāori muhukama huchauya neAntarctica. " Kupfuurirazve, Wehi akacherekedzawo, "Kukura mamwe maMāori Antarctic masayendisiti uye nekubatanidza maonero eMāori kuchawedzera hudzamu kuzvirongwa zvekutsvagisa zveNew Zealand uye pakupedzisira kuchengetedzwa uye manejimendi eAntarctica."