Pasi ihomwe yezvakavanzika uye matombo akavanzika, uye chimwe chezvinonyanya kufadza kuwanikwa kwemhuka dzekare dzave. yakachengetedzwa zvakakwana mu permafrost.
Muna 2018, muvhimi ane rombo rakanaka aiongorora kumahombekombe kweRwizi rweTirekhtyak mudunhu reSiberia Yakutia akawana chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa - musoro wakakwana wemhumhi yekare.
Kuwanikwa kwacho kunoonekwa sechinhu chakakosha kuwana sezvo kuchipa nzwisiso isati yamboitika muhupenyu hwemhuka dzakararama zviuru zvemakore apfuura.
Muenzaniso, uyo wakachengetedzwa kwemakore 32,000 nepermafrost yedunhu, ndiyo yega chitunha chemunhu mukuru Pleistocene steppe wolf - dzinza rakatsakatika rakasiyana nemapere emazuva ano - akambowanikwa.
Kuwanikwa kwacho, kwekutanga kuburitswa neSiberian Times, kunotarisirwa kubatsira nyanzvi mukunzwisisa zviri nani kuti mhumhi dze steppe dzakasiyana sei neazvino akaenzana, pamwe nekuti nei mhuka dzakatsakatika.
Sekureva kwaMarisa Iati weWashington Post, mhumhi iri munhau yakagadziridzwa zvizere panguva yerufu rwayo, pamwe yakapoteredza 2 kusvika kumakore mana. Kunyange zvazvo mapikicha emusoro wakachekwa, uchiri kuzvitutumadza makushe, mazino, uye mhuno yakachengetedzwa zvakanaka, inoisa saizi yayo pa 4 inches kureba - musoro we grey wemazuva ano, kana tichienzanisa, unoyera 15.7 kusvika 9.1 inches.
Love Dalén, nyanzvi yezvemhindumupindu paSwedish Museum of Natural History uyo akanga achitora bhaisikopo muSiberia apo muvhimi wenyanga akasvika panzvimbo yacho aine musoro, anoti mishumo yezvinobudisa nhau inotaura yakawanikwa se“mhumhi huru” haina kururama.
Sekureva kwaDalén, haina kukura zvakanyanya kupfuura mhumhi yemazuva ano kana ukabvisa chando chepermafrost inonamira painowanzo mutsipa.
Maererano neCNN, boka reRussia rinotungamirirwa naAlbert Protopopov weRepublic of Sakha's Academy of Sciences iri kugadzirira kuvaka mufananidzo wedhijitari wehuropi hwemhuka uye mukati mehenya rayo.
Nekuda kwemamiriro ekuchengetedza musoro, iye nevamwe vake vane tarisiro yekuti vanogona kutora zvinogoneka DNA uye ishandise kutevedza genome remhumhi maererano naDavid Stanton, muongorori paSwedish Museum of Natural History ari kutungamira kuongororwa kwemajini emapfupa. Parizvino, hazvizivikanwe kuti musoro wemhumhi wakatsemuka sei kubva kumuviri waro wese.
Tori Herridge, nyanzvi yekushanduka-shanduka kwezvinhu zvipenyu kuLondon's Natural History Museum uyo aive mumwe wechikwata chaitora mafirimu kuSiberia panguva yekuwanikwa, anoti mumwe waanoshanda naye, Dan Fisher weYunivhesiti yeMichigan, anofunga kuti kutariswa kwemusoro wemhuka kunogona kuratidza humbowo. iri kupatsanurwa nemaune nevanhu - pamwe "pamwe chete nemhumhi iri kufa."
Kana zvakadaro, Herridge anoti, kuwanikwa kwacho kunopa “muenzaniso wakasiyana wekudyidzana kwevanhu nemhuka dzinodya nyama.” Zvakadaro, anopedzisa mune chinyorwa paTwitter, "Ndiri kuchengetedza mutongo kudzamara kuferefetwa kwaitwa."
Dalén anodzokorora kuzeza kwaHerridge, achiti “haana kumboona uchapupu hunomupwisa” kuti vanhu vanogura musoro. Mushure mezvose, hazvisi zvisizvo kuwana zvikamu zvezvisaririra muSiberia permafrost.
Somuenzaniso, kana mhuka yaingovigwa zvishoma yobva yaomeswa nechando, muviri wayo wose waigona kunge waora kana kuti kudyiwa nevatambi. Neimwe nzira, kuchinjika kwepermafrost kwezviuru zvemakore kungadai kwakakonzera kuti muviri utyoke kuita zvidimbu zvinoverengeka.
Maererano naStanton, mapere “anogona kunge akati kurei uye akasimba kupfuura mapere emazuva ano.” Mhuka idzi dzaive neshaya yakasimba, yakafara yakashongedzerwa kuvhima mhuka hombe dzakadai sewool mammoths nezvipembere, uye sekuudza Stanton anoudza USA Nhasi N'dea Yancey-Bragg, yakatsakatika pakati pemakore 20,000 30,000 kusvika XNUMX XNUMX apfuura, kana nguva ingangoita nguva iyo mapere emazuva ano akatanga. akasvika panzvimbo.
Kana vatsvakurudzi vakabudirira kubvisa DNA kubva mumusoro wemhumhi, vanoedza kuishandisa kuona kana mapere ekare aisangana neazvino, kuti marudzi ekutanga akanga aberekwa sei, uye kuti dzinza raive - kana kuti rakashaikwa - chero genetic adaptation yakabatsira. kusvika pakuparara kwayo.
Kusvika iye zvino, Siberian permafrost yakabereka zvisikwa zvakachengetedzwa zvakachengetedzwa zvakanaka: pakati pezvimwe, a. Mhuru ine makore 42,000, shumba yebako, “shiri yechando yakaisvonaka yakazara neminhenga,” sezvinotaura Herridge, uye “kunyange chipfukuto chisina kusimba cheIce Age.”
Sekureva kwaDalén, zvakawanikwa izvi zvinogona kuve zvakanyanya kukonzerwa nekuvhima kwemazino makuru uye kuwedzera kunyungudika kwepermafrost kwakabatana nekudziya kwepasi.
Stanton anopedzisa achiti, "Mamiriro ekunze ekudziya ... zvinoreva kuti zvakawanda zvezvienzaniso izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa mune ramangwana." Panguva imwecheteyo, anoti, "Zvinogonawo kuti vazhinji vavo vachanyunguduka nekuora (uye nekudaro vorasika) munhu asati awana ... uye adzidze."
Kuwanikwa uku kwakaitwa nemuvhimi mukuru wenzou kunongowedzera kupenga. Inguva inonakidza yepaleontologists nevanochera matongo zvakafanana, sezvo kuwanda kwezviwanikwa zvichiitwa zvinosundira miganhu yekunzwisisa kwedu kwekare. Tinotarisira kuona izvo zvimwe zvinoshamisa zvakawanwa zvichaitwa mune ramangwana!
