Zaka 48 miliyoni zakubadwa za njoka yodabwitsa yokhala ndi masomphenya a infrared

Njoka yakufa yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zowoneka mosowa mu kuwala kwa infrared inapezedwa ku Messel Pit, malo a UNESCO World Heritage ku Germany. Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale amafotokoza za kusinthika koyambirira kwa njoka ndi luso lawo lakumva.

Messel Pit ndi malo odziwika bwino a UNESCO World Heritage Site yomwe ili ku Germany, yomwe imadziwika ndi zake kusungidwa mwapadera kwa zokwiriridwa pansi zakale kuyambira nthawi ya Eocene pafupifupi zaka 48 miliyoni zapitazo.

Njoka ya Messel Pit yokhala ndi masomphenya a infrared
Njoka za Constrictor zinkachitika ku Messel Pit zaka 48 miliyoni zapitazo. © Senckenberg

Krister Smith wa Senckenberg Research Institute and Museum ku Frankfurt, Germany, ndi Agustn Scanferla wa Universidad Nacional de La Plata ku Argentina anatsogolera gulu la akatswiri kutulukira kodabwitsa ku Messel Pit. Phunziro lawo, lomwe linasindikizidwa mu magazini ya sayansi Zosiyanasiyana 2020, anapereka zidziwitso zatsopano za chitukuko choyambirira cha njoka. Kafukufuku wa gululi akuwulula zakufa za njoka zomwe zimawoneka ngati infrared, zomwe zimapangitsa kumvetsetsa kwatsopano za chilengedwe chakale.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wawo, njoka yomwe kale inkadziwika kuti ndi Palaeopython fischeri ndi membala wa mtundu womwe unatha wa constrictor (omwe amadziwika kuti boas kapena boids) ndipo imatha kupanga chithunzi cha infrared cha malo ozungulira. Mu 2004, Stephan Schaal adatcha njokayo potengera nduna yakale ya ku Germany, Joschka Fischer. Monga momwe kafukufuku wasayansi adawulula kuti mtunduwo umapanga mzere wina, mu 2020, adasinthidwa kukhala mtundu watsopano. Eoconstrictor, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi boas South America.

Njoka ya Messel Pit yokhala ndi masomphenya a infrared
Mafuta a E. fisheri. © Wikimedia Commons

Mafupa athunthu a njoka sapezeka kawirikawiri m'mabwinja padziko lonse lapansi. Pachifukwa ichi, malo a Messel Pit UNESCO World Heritage Site pafupi ndi Darmstadt ndizosiyana. "Mpaka pano, mitundu inayi ya njoka yotetezedwa bwino ingathe kufotokozedwa kuchokera ku Messel Pit," anafotokoza Dr. Krister Smith wa Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, ndipo anapitiriza, “Pokhala ndi utali wa pafupifupi masentimita 50, iŵiri mwa mitundu imeneyi inali yaing’ono; mitundu yomwe poyamba inkadziwika kuti Palaeopython fischer, komano, inkatha kutalika kuposa mamita awiri. Ngakhale kuti kwenikweni inali yapadziko lapansi, mwina inkathanso kukwera m’mitengo.”

Kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane Eoconstrictor fischer ndi ma neural circuits adawululanso zodabwitsa. Zozungulira za neural za njoka ya Messel ndizofanana ndi zaposachedwa zazikulu za boas ndi python - njoka zokhala ndi ziwalo za dzenje. Ziwalo zimenezi, zomwe zimayikidwa pakati pa nsagwada zakumwamba ndi zapansi, zimathandiza njoka kupanga mapu amitundu itatu yotentha ya chilengedwe chawo mwa kusakaniza kuwala kowonekera ndi kuwala kwa infrared. Izi zimathandiza kuti zokwawa zipeze nyama zolusa, zolusa, kapena zobisala mosavuta.

Mtsinje wa Messel
Messel Pit UNESCO World Heritage Site. Njokayo imatchedwa dzina la mtumiki wakale wa dziko la Germany Joschka Fischer, yemwe, mogwirizana ndi German Green Party (Bündnis 90/Die Grünen), anathandiza kuletsa dzenje la Messel kuti lisanduke malo otayirako mu 1991 - adaphunzira kwambiri. tsatanetsatane wa Smith ndi mnzake Agustín Scanferla wa Instituto de Bio y Geosciencia del NOA pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowunikira. © Wikimedia Commons

Komabe, mkati Eoconstrictor fischeri ziwalo izi zinali kokha pa nsagwada chapamwamba. Komanso, palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti njoka imeneyi inkakonda nyama yamagazi ofunda. Mpaka pano, ofufuza amatha kutsimikizira nyama zolusa monga ng'ona ndi abuluzi m'mimba mwake ndi m'matumbo mwake.

Chifukwa cha izi, gulu la ochita kafukufuku linapeza kuti ziwalo zoyambirira za dzenje zinkagwira ntchito kuti zidziwitse bwino za njoka, komanso kuti, kupatulapo njoka zaposachedwa, sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito posaka kapena kuteteza.

Kupeza kwa zotsalira zakale zosungidwa bwino Njoka yokhala ndi mawonedwe a infrared ikuwunikira zatsopano pazachilengedwe za chilengedwe ichi zaka 48 miliyoni zapitazo. Phunziroli ndi chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha momwe kafukufuku wa sayansi mu paleontology angawonjezere phindu pakumvetsetsa kwathu chilengedwe komanso kusinthika kwa moyo pa Dziko Lapansi.