Ndizowona kuti Chilumba cha Easter amadziwika bwino kuti ndi malo azithunzi zozizwitsa komanso zokongola za moai, koma izi si zokhazo zodabwitsa zomwe chilumba cha South Pacific chimapereka. Ngakhale zomangamanga za moai ndizosangalatsa chifukwa cha cholinga chake chosadziwika komanso akatswiri ojambula, chilankhulo chatha pachilumbachi "Rongongo" ndizodabwitsa. Chilankhulo cha mtundu umodzi chokha chikuwoneka kuti chikuwonekera mwadzidzidzi m'ma 1700, komabe chidasamutsidwa kuti chisadziwike pasanathe zaka mazana awiri.
Amakhulupirira kuti anthu aku Polynesia adasamukira ku chilumba chotchedwa Easter Island kwinakwake pakati pa 300 AD ndi 1200 AD, ndikudziyikira okha kumeneko. Chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa anthu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chuma chawo mochulukirachulukira, anthu a ku Polynesia anachulukirachulukira chifukwa cha chitukuko chomwe chinkayenda bwino. Akuti pamene ofufuza a ku Ulaya anafika mu 1722, anabweretsa matenda amene anawononga kwambiri chiŵerengero chawo.
Dzinalo Easter Island linaperekedwa ndi mlendo woyamba kulembedwa wazilumba ku Europe, wofufuza malo waku Dutch a Jacob Roggeveen, yemwe adakumana nalo pa Sabata la Isitara, pa 5 Epulo, mu 1722, akusaka "Dziko la Davis. ” Roggeveen adachitcha kuti Paasch-Eyland (chi Dutch cha m'zaka za zana la 18 chotanthauza "Easter Island"). Dzinalo lovomerezeka ku Spain pachilumbachi, Isla de Pascua, limatanthauzanso kuti "Chilumba cha Easter."
Ma Rongorongo glyphs adapezeka mu 1869 mwangozi. Limodzi mwa malembawa adapatsidwa Bishop wa Tahiti ngati mphatso yachilendo. Pamene Eugène Eyraud, gulu lachifumu la Tchalitchi cha Roma Katolika, adafika pachilumba cha Easter ngati mmishonale pa Januware 2, 1864, adapeza kuti zolemba za Rongorongo koyamba. Pofotokoza zaulendo wake, adalongosola momwe adapeza mapiritsi makumi awiri mphambu asanu ndi limodzi okhala ndi zolemba zachilendo izi.
"M'nyumba iliyonse munthu amapeza mapiritsi kapena timitengo tamatabwa tambirimbiri: Zithunzizo ndi nyama zosadziwika pachilumbachi, zomwe nzika zimakoka ndi miyala yakuthwa. Chithunzi chilichonse chili ndi dzina lake; koma chidwi chawo chochepa kwambiri chomwe amapatsa mapiritsiwa chimandipangitsa kuganiza kuti anthu awa, zotsalira za zolemba zakale, tsopano ndi chizolowezi chawo chomwe amangochita osafufuza tanthauzo lake. ”
Rongorongo ndi njira yolemba kapena yojambula ya Proto-based. Adapezeka atakhazikika m'mapiritsi amitengo yosiyanasiyana obisika ndi zokumbika zakale za pachilumbachi. Luso la kulemba silinadziwike kuzilumba zilizonse zoyandikira, ndipo kukhalapo kwake kokha kudadabwitsa akatswiri azachikhalidwe.
Pakadali pano, tanthauzo lodalirika lakhala loti anthu okhala pachilumba cha Easter adalimbikitsidwa ndi zomwe adaziwona pomwe anthu aku Spain adalanda chilumbachi mu 1770. Komabe, ngakhale kuli kwakanthawi, palibe akatswiri azilankhulo kapena akatswiri ofukula mabwinja omwe adatha kumasulira chilankhulochi.
Mu Chilankhulo cha Rapa Nui, womwe ndi chilankhulo chamtundu wachilumba cha Easter, mawu oti Rongorongo amatanthauza "kubwereza, kutsutsa, kuyimba." Magome amitengo odabwitsawo atapezeka, anali atayamba kuchepa, kuwotchedwa, kapena kuwonongeka kwambiri. Ndodo ya kalonga, chojambula cha mbalame, ndi zokongoletsa ziwiri zidapezekanso ndi ma glyphs.
Pakati pa mizere yomwe imadutsa mapiritsi pamakhala ma glyphs. Mapiritsi ena "awombedwa," pomwe zolembedwazo zikupezeka mkatikati mwa ngalande zopangidwa ndi chitoliro. Amapangidwa ngati anthu, nyama, zomerazo, ndi mawonekedwe a zojambula za Rongorongo. M'chizindikiro chilichonse chomwe chili ndi mutu, mutu umayang'aniridwa kotero kuti umayang'ana mmwamba ndikuyang'ana kutsogolo kapena kulowera kumanja.
Chizindikiro chilichonse chimakhala ndi kutalika kwa sentimita imodzi. Kalatayo idalembedwa kuti iwerengedwe kuyambira pansi, kuyambira kumanzere kupita kumanja. Reverse boustrophedon ndiye luso la izi. Malinga ndi miyambo yapakamwa, zojambula zidapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma obsidian flakes kapena mano ang'onoang'ono a shark ngati zida zoyambira.
Popeza kuti ndi ochepa okha omwe amaphunzira za chibwenzi omwe adachitika pamapiritsi, ndizosatheka kudziwa zaka zawo zenizeni. Komabe, akuganiza kuti adapangidwa mozungulira zaka za m'ma 13, nthawi yomweyo nkhalango zidadulidwa. Komabe, izi ndi zongolingalira chabe, popeza nzika za pachilumba cha Easter mwina zidadula mitengo yochepa kuti cholinga chomanga mapale a matabwa. Glyph, yemwe amafanana ndi mgwalangwa, amakhulupirira kuti ndi mgwalangwa pachilumba cha Easter, womwe udamalizidwa kulembedwa ndi mungu mu 1650, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti cholembedwacho ndichakale kwambiri.
Ma glyphs atsimikizira kukhala ovuta kumvetsetsa. Poganizira kuti Rongorongo akulemba, pali zopinga zitatu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuziwerenga. Chiwerengero chochepa cha zolemba, kusowa kwa mafanizo ndi zochitika zina zomwe zingamvetsetse, komanso umboni wosayenerera wa chilankhulo cha Old Rapanui, chomwe mwina chilankhulo chikuwonetsedwa m'mapiritsi, ndizo zonse zomwe zachititsa kuti zisamveke.
Ena amaona kuti Rongorongo si kulemba kwenikweni, koma kulemba kwa proto, kutanthauza gulu la zizindikiro zomwe koma sizimaphatikizapo chinenero chilichonse m’lingaliro lakale.
Malinga ndi Atlas of Language database, “A Rongorongo mwachionekere ankagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chothandizira kukumbukira zinthu kapena zinthu zokongoletsera, m’malo mojambula chinenero cha Chirapanui chimene anthu a pachilumbachi ankalankhula.”
Ngakhale sizikudziwika bwinobwino zomwe Rongorongo amayenera kulumikizana, kupezeka ndikuwunika mapiritsiwa kwatsimikizira kuti ndi gawo lofunikira pakumvetsetsa kwathu zikhalidwe zakale za chilumba cha Easter m'mbuyomu.
Chifukwa manambalawa ndi osemedwa bwino komanso ogwirizana bwino, zikuwonekeratu kuti chikhalidwe chachilumba chakale chinali ndi uthenga woti uzitumiza, kaya chinali chiwonetsero chazokongoletsera kapena njira yotumizira mauthenga ndi nkhani kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo.
Ngakhale ndizotheka kuti kumvetsetsa ma code tsiku lina kudzayankha chifukwa chake chitukuko cha pachilumbachi chinagwa, pakadali pano, mapiritsiwa ndi chikumbutso chodabwitsa cha nthawi zomwe zidapita.
