ʻO ka mokupuni pohihihi o nā kūlanakauhale ʻehiku

Ua ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻehiku Bihopa, i hoʻokuke ʻia mai Sepania e nā Moors, i hōʻea i kahi mokupuni ʻike ʻole ʻia ma ʻAkelanika a kūkulu i ʻehiku kūlanakauhale - hoʻokahi no kēlā me kēia.

Ua lōʻihi nā mokupuni nalowale i nā moeʻuhane o nā luina. No nā keneturi, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā moʻolelo o kēia mau ʻāina nalo me nā leo mālie, ʻoiai i loko o nā pōʻai ʻepekema kaulana.

Nani ka nānā 'ana ma Azores
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nani ma nā mokupuni o Azores. Loaʻa Kiʻi: Adobestock

Ma nā palapala ʻāina moana kahiko, ʻike mākou he lehulehu o nā mokupuni ʻaʻole i kahakaha hou ʻia: Antilia, St. Brendan, Hy-Brazila, Frisland, a me ka Mokupuni enigmatic o Seven Cities. Paʻa kēlā me kēia moʻolelo hoihoi.

Hōʻike ka moʻolelo i nā pīhopa Katolika ʻehiku, alakaʻi ʻia e ka ʻAkibihopa o Oporto, e holo ana i ka hoʻopio ʻana o Moorish ma Sepania a me Pokukala i AD 711. No ka hōʻole ʻana i ko lākou mau lanakila, alakaʻi lākou i kahi hui ma ke komohana ma luna o nā ʻauwaʻa moku. Wahi a ka moʻolelo, ma hope o kahi huakaʻi pōʻino, ua pae lākou ma kahi mokupuni ikaika a ākea kahi i kūkulu ai lākou i ʻehiku kūlanakauhale, e hōʻailona mau ana i ko lākou home hou.

Mai kona ʻike ʻana mai, ua uhi ʻia ka Mokupuni ʻEhiku kūlanakauhale i ka pohihihi. Ua ʻike ka poʻe he nui i ka haʻalele ʻana iā ia ma ke ʻano he phantom wale nō. Akā, i ka kenekulia 12, ua hoʻokomo ka mea kālaihonua Arab kaulana ʻo Idrisi i kahi mokupuni i kapa ʻia ʻo Bahelia ma kāna mau palapala ʻāina, e kaena ana i ʻehiku kūlanakauhale nui i loko o ka Atlantika.

Akā naʻe, ua nalowale ʻo Bahelia mai ka ʻike ʻana aku, ʻaʻole i haʻi ʻia a hiki i nā kenekulia 14 a me 15. ʻO ia ka manawa i hōʻike ʻia ai nā palapala ʻāina ʻItalia a me Sepania i kahi moku ʻAkelanika hou - ʻo Antilles. Ua paʻa kēia ʻike i ʻehiku mau kūlanakauhale me nā inoa ʻokoʻa e like me Azai a me Ari. I ka makahiki 1474, ua kauoha aku ka Moi Alfonso V o Pokukala ia Kapena F. Teles e makaikai a e koi aku ia “Ehiku Kuleanakauhale a me na mokupuni e ae ma ka Moana Akelanika, ma ka akau o Guinea!”

ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia ka ʻoliʻoli o nā kūlanakauhale ʻehiku i kēia mau makahiki. Ua noi ka luina Flemish ʻo Ferdinand Dulmus i ka mōʻī Pukiki no ka ʻae ʻana e koi i ka mokupuni i ka makahiki 1486, inā e loaʻa iā ia. Pēlā nō, ua hōʻike ka ʻelele Sepania i ʻEnelani, ʻo Pedro Ahal, i ka makahiki 1498 ua hoʻomaka nā luina Bristol i nā huakaʻi holo ʻole i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kūlanakauhale ʻehiku a me Frisland.

Ua ulu aʻe kahi pilina paʻakikī ma waena o ka Mokupuni ʻEhiku kūlanakauhale a me Antillia. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ka poʻe kālaihonua ʻEulopa i ke ola ʻana o Antillia. ʻO ka honua kaulana ʻo 1492 a Martin Behaim i hoʻonoho koʻikoʻi iā ia ma ka ʻAkelanika, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua hōʻea maluhia kahi moku Sepania i kona kahakai i ka makahiki 1414!

ʻO Antillia (a i ʻole Antilia) he mokupuni phantom i kaulana, i ka makahiki 15th-kenekulia o ka ʻimi ʻana, e moe ana ma ka Moana ʻAkelanika, mamao loa i ke komohana o Pokukala a me Sepania. Ua hele pū ka mokupuni ma ka inoa ʻo Isle of Seven Cities. Kiʻi Kiʻi: Aca Stankovic ma ArtStation
ʻO Antillia (a i ʻole Antilia) he mokupuni phantom i kaulana, i ka makahiki 15th-kenekulia o ka ʻimi ʻana, e moe ana ma ka Moana ʻAkelanika, mamao loa i ke komohana o Pokukala a me Sepania. Ua hele pū ka mokupuni ma ka inoa ʻo Isle of Seven Cities. Loaʻa Kiʻi: ʻO Aca Stankovic ma o ArtStation

Ua hoʻomau ʻia ʻo Antillia ma nā palapala ʻāina i ka makahiki 15. ʻO ka mea nui, i loko o kahi leka 1480 iā King Alfonso V, ua haʻi ʻo Christopher Columbus iā ia iho me nā huaʻōlelo "ka mokupuni ʻo Antillia, i ʻike ʻia e ʻoe". Ua paipai ka mōʻī iā Antillia iā ia "he wahi maikaʻi e kū ai i kāna huakaʻi a pae i kahakai".

ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻo Columbus i kau wāwae ma Antillia, ua hāʻawi ka mokupuni phantom i kona inoa i nā ʻāina hou i ʻike ʻia e ia - ka Antille Nui a me Li'ili'i. ʻO ka Mokupuni o nā kūlanakauhale ʻehiku, kahi kukui o ka pohihihi no nā kenekulia, ke hoʻomau nei i ka hoʻāla ʻana i ko mākou mau manaʻo, he koena ia o ka mana mau o ka ʻimi kanaka a me ka hoʻowalewale o ka mea ʻike ʻole.