Hōʻike ka hōʻike ʻana he kupuna maʻamau paha o nā ʻōlelo Indo-European, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōlelo Pelekania a me ka Sanskrit, i ʻōlelo ʻia ma kahi o 8,100 mau makahiki i hala.
Ua haʻi aku ka poʻe ʻepekema, me ka poʻe mai ka Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology ma Kelemānia, ʻo kā lākou noiʻi he "hōʻailona koʻikoʻi" i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōlelo Indo-European, kahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa i hoʻomau ʻia no ʻelua haneli mau makahiki.
ʻElua mau manaʻo i manaʻo ʻia e wehewehe i ke kumu o ka ʻohana o nā ʻōlelo i hoʻohana ʻia e kokoke i ka hapalua o ka heluna kanaka o ka honua.
Hōʻike ke kuhiakau Steppe e hiki ke huli ʻia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Pontic-Caspian Steppe ma kahi o 6,000 mau makahiki i hala.
ʻO ke kuhiakau "Anatolian" a i ʻole "mahiʻai" ke manaʻo nei e pili ana ke kumu o kekahi mea i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mahiʻai ma kahi o 9,000 mau makahiki i hala.
Eia nō naʻe, ua loaʻa i nā noiʻi mua e pili ana i ka ʻohana ʻōlelo Indo-European i nā hopena like ʻole ma muli o kekahi mau hemahema a me nā kūlike ʻole i loko o ka ʻikepili i hoʻohana ʻia.
No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia mau hemahema, ua hōʻuluʻulu kahi hui o 80+ mau loea ʻōlelo mai ka honua holoʻokoʻa i kahi hui o nā huaʻōlelo koʻikoʻi mai 161 ʻōlelo Indo-European, e hoʻopuni ana i 52 mau ʻōlelo kahiko a mōʻaukala paha.
ʻO kahi loiloi hou, e ʻike ʻia ana ma Science, ua noiʻi inā ʻo nā ʻōlelo ʻōlelo kahiko i kākau ʻia, e like me ka Classical Latin a me Vedic Sanskrit, nā mea mua loa o nā ʻōlelo Romance a me Indic.
Ua hana nā mea noiʻi i ka nānā ʻana i ke kumu like o ka lexicon kumu ma 100 mau ʻōlelo o kēia manawa a me 51 mau ʻōlelo kahiko.
ʻIke ʻia, e like me ka noiʻi, ua noho ka ʻohana ʻōlelo Indo-European no 8,100 mau makahiki a ma 7,000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻelima mau lālā nui i māhele ʻia mai ia.
Wahi a ka mea kākau kumu ʻo Russell Gray, ikaika mau ka chronology o ke aʻo ʻana ke hoʻāʻo ʻia e kūʻē i nā ʻano phylogenetic like ʻole a me nā loiloi naʻauao.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Dr Gray e hiki i ka hui ʻana o DNA kahiko a me nā phylogenetics ʻōlelo ke hāʻawi i ka pane i ka enigma Indo-European lōʻihi, ʻo ia ka hui ʻana o nā kuhiakau mahiʻai a me Steppe.
Ma muli o nā noiʻi hou loa, ua manaʻo ʻia kahi hypothesis hybrid no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā ʻōlelo Indo-European. Manaʻo ʻo ia i kahi ʻāina hānau mua ma ka hema o ka Caucasus a me kahi home lua ma ka Steppe, kahi i hōʻea ai kekahi o nā ʻōlelo Indo-European i ʻEulopa me ka neʻe ʻana o ka poʻe Yamnaya a me Corded Ware.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Paul Heggarty, he mea kōkua i ke aʻo ʻana, ʻo ka ʻikepili DNA kahiko loa e kuhikuhi ana i ka lālā Anatolian o Indo-European e puka mai ana ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Fertile Crescent, ma mua o ka Steppe.
Manaʻo ʻo Kauka Heggarty e kuhikuhi ka topology ʻohana ʻohana a me nā lā hoʻokaʻawale i nā lālā ʻē aʻe i laha pololei mai kēlā wahi, ʻaʻole ma ka Steppe.
