Kuhi ʻia kahi noiʻi hou mai ke Kulanui o Cincinnati e ʻōlelo ana nā kamaʻāina o ke kūlanakauhale Maya kahiko o Tikal ma nā wahi nahele o Guatemala i nā minelala e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai i loko o kā lākou waihona wai. ʻO ia, ua hana ka Mayans i kēia ʻōnaehana kānana wai ma kahi o 2,000 mau makahiki ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana like i ʻEulopa, e hoʻolilo ana iā ia i kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka honua.
ʻO nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai mua loa o ka poʻe Maʻa
I kēia lā, nui ka poʻe e hoʻohana i nā kānana e wehe i nā haumia mai ka wai. ʻĀ, i kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻia kahi hui noiʻi i Tikal, ua hoʻohana mua ka poʻe Maia i kahi ʻōnaehana kānana wai no ka mea like. He hui multidisciplinary o nā kānaka noiʻi mai ka Kula Nui o Cincinnati, i hana ʻia e nā anthropologists, geographers a me nā biologists, ua ʻike ʻo ka poʻe kamaʻāina kahiko o ke kūlanakauhale Mayan ikaika nui o Tikal (nona nā wahi ʻōpala e ulu ana i nā ululāʻau o Guatemala) i kūkulu i nā kānana wai e hoʻohana ana i nā mea i lawe ʻia mai nā wahi he mau mile ka mamao. Ua hoʻoholo kēia i ka archaeologists ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hōʻike o kahi ʻōnaehana sophisticated o nā kānana kūlohelohe i ka waihona Corriental, ʻo kekahi o nā waihona wai inu ʻelima ma Tikal.
Nā kānana kūlohelohe: ka nānā ʻana o ka mana o Mayans
Ua hoʻomaopopo nā kānaka noiʻi i ka quartz crystalline a me ka zeolite ma Tikal, ʻoiai ʻo ka mineral hope loa i loaʻa wale i ka waihona Corriental. Loaʻa ka quartz i ke one a me ka zeolite, kahi hui crystalline i hana ʻia me ka silicon a me ka alumini, e hana i kahi kānana molekole maoli. E hoʻomaopopo i ka zeolite a me ka quartz crystalline i nā sediment o ka waihona wai Corriental, ua alakaʻi nā ʻepekema i kahi anamanaʻo diffraction X-ray (kahi hana i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā ʻoma i loko o ke aniani).
I ke kumumanaʻo, ʻo kēia ʻano o nā kānana kūlohelohe e hemo i nā microbes weliweli, nā waiwai waiwai nitrogen, nā metala kaumaha e like me ka mercury a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe mai ka wai, e like me kā Kenneth Barnett Tankersley, ka loea pili o Anthropology ma ke Kulanui o Cincinnati a me ke alakaʻi alakaʻi o ke aʻo, paʻi ʻia ma ka puke pai Hōʻike Pūnaewele.
Wahi a ka mea noiʻi, "ʻO ka mea hoihoi e hoʻomau ka maikaʻi o kēia ʻōnaehana i kēia lā a ua ʻike ka poʻe Mayans ma mua o 2,000 mau makahiki i hala. Ua hana lākou i kēia ʻōnaehana kānana wai kokoke ʻelua tausani mau makahiki ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana like i ʻEulopa, e hoʻolilo ana iā ia i kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka honua. "
I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, no ka poʻe Maya kahiko, he mea nui ka ʻimi ʻana i nā ala e kiʻi a mālama ai i ka wai maʻemaʻe. E like me nā kūlanakauhale Maya, kūkulu ʻia ʻo Tikal ma luna o nā pōhaku porous i hiki ai i ke komo ʻana i ka wai inu paʻakikī no ka hapa nui o ka makahiki, i nā kau maloʻo kau. No laila ʻaʻohe a lākou koho ʻē aʻe koe ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā waihona kūlohelohe haumia, a he mea weliweli loa ia no ko lākou olakino i ka manawa like.
Manaʻo nā kānaka noiʻi ʻo kēia ʻōnaehana kānana ka quartz a me ka zeolite e pale aku i ka poʻe Mayans kahiko mai nā koʻohune ʻino a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe i hiki ʻole i ka poʻe i inu i ka wai i loko o ka maʻi i maʻi. "Ma o ka mākaukau loa o ka nānā ʻana i ʻike ai ka Maya kahiko e pili ana kēia mea i ka wai maʻemaʻe a hoʻāʻo e lawe i ko lākou kūlanakauhale." Wahi a nā kānaka noiʻi. Akā pehea ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike nui o ka hana mole i ka poʻe Mayan i lilo i kumuhana kontroversial.
ʻO ka wai inu, kahi mea ola
A hiki i kēia lā, ua hoʻāʻo ka hapanui o ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻokele wai kahiko e wehewehe i ka mālama ʻana, ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, a me ka hoʻohuli ʻia ʻana o ka wai. Ua paʻakikī ka maikaʻi o ka wai inu e kamaʻilio. Ua wehe kēia noiʻi i kēia laina o ka noiʻi ma ka ʻike ʻana i ka maikaʻi o kahi kumu wai a pehea e hiki ai ke hoʻokumu a mālama ʻia. ʻOiaʻiʻo, paʻakikī ke kūkulu hou ʻana i nā ola, nā ʻano a me nā kumu o ka noho ʻana mai nā makahiki he mau makahiki i hala. "ʻAʻohe o mākou hōʻike paʻa, akā loaʻa iā mākou nā hōʻike ʻike ikaika. Kūpono kā mākou wehewehe ʻana, ” Wahi a nā kānaka noiʻi.
He millennia i mua o ka hana hou
Ua ʻike pū ʻia nā ʻōnaehana kānana wai paʻakikī i nā lāhui kahiko ʻē aʻe, ma Helene, ʻAigupita, a me ʻAsia Hema, akā ʻo kēia ka mea mua i ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika. "Ua noho ka poʻe Maya kahiko i kahi wahi kaiāulu a pono e lilo i mea hou. A he hana hou kupaianaha kēia. Manaʻo ka nui o ka poʻe ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i ka Hemisphere Komohana ʻaʻole like ka ʻenehana a me ka ʻenehana ʻenehana e like me nā wahi e like me Greece, Roma, India a me Kina. Akā i ka pili ʻana i ka hoʻokele wai, he mau makahiki ka mua o ka poʻe Mayans, ” hoʻopau i nā mea noiʻi.
