Ukuziqhelanisa ngokuqhubekayo enzulwini yolwandle, ii-ultra-black eels ziye zatsala abaphandi njengoko zibonakala ngathi ziyaphuhla ukuze zisebenzise iqhinga lokuzifihla. Ngemisila yazo ekhanyayo, ii<em>eels ziyakwazi ukusondeza ixhoba lazo ngaphambi kokuba ziliqwenge ngemihlathi yazo eyoyikisayo.
Uhlalutyo lweentlobo ze-Anguilloidei (kuquka i-eels zamanzi ahlaziyekileyo, i-spaghetti eels kunye ne-transparent onejaw eels) zibonise ukuba umbala omnyama ukhule ngokuzimeleyo ngaphezu kwesihlandlo esinye. Imizekelo yale nto ibandakanya ookhokho be-pelican eels (Eurypharynx pelecanoides), i-swallower eels, i-bobtail eels, i-snipe eels, kunye ne-sawtooth eels.
Iziphumo zophando lwakutsha nje zipapashwe kwijenali Ibhayoloji yokuSingqongileyo yeentlanzi nge-11 kaJulayi, i-2020, inika ukuqonda okungcono kokuziphatha kwezidalwa ezinzulu zolwandle, uninzi lwazo olungekafundwa kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ulwandle olunzulu yeyona ndawo inkulu emhlabeni, sisaqonda okuncinci malunga nalo, ngokutsho kukaMike Ghedotti, unjingalwazi webhayoloji yaselwandle kunye ne-ichthyology kwiYunivesithi yaseRegis eDenver. Ukwaphawule ukuba ukuhlola ubunzulu bolwandle yinkqubo ebiza imali eninzi yaye akwenzeki rhoqo njengokuhlola ulwandle olungekho nzulu.
I<em>bathypelagic, okanye i<em>deep-sea, i<em>eel, idla ngokuhlala ize izingele kumbindi we “Midnight Zone” yolwandle, phakathi kweemitha eziyi-3,300-13,100 (iimitha ezisisi-1,000-4,000) apho kungenakukhanya kwelanga. Obu bumnyama bungapheliyo buye bayigqwetha imizimba yee-eels ngeendlela ezingaqhelekanga, kunye nomlomo we-pelican eel ungumzekelo obalaseleyo wokolula amandla angenakulinganiswa naziphi na ezinye iintlobo. Ukuphanda imisebenzi yezi zidalwa kubunzulu obunjalo kuye kwangqineka kunzima kakhulu.
Ngelinge lokucacisa ukuziphatha okungaqondakaliyo kwee-eels ezinzulu zolwandle, abaphandi bajonga ngokusondeleyo kwizicubu zesikhumba se-pelican eel phantsi kwe-microscope. Xa bephonononga, izazinzulu zabona i-jet-black pigmentation ekhethekileyo eyayisasazeke kwimizimba yezidalwa.
Uphando kwezinye iindidi ze-eel lubonise ukuba iintlobo ze-bathypelagic ezifana ne-swallower eels kunye ne-bobtail snipe eels zinemibala efana ne-ultra-dark efana ne-pelicans eels, ngelixa i-deepwater pelagic eels, njenge-snipe eels kunye ne-sawtooth eels, ezihlala emanzini angekho nzulu zinezinga elincitshisiweyo. yale pigment.
Kutshanje, okwesihlandlo sokuqala, i-peliccan eel yathatyathwa kwikhamera inokutya esiswini. Nangona ingenabuchule bokuqubha, kucingelwa ukuba ezi zidalwa zisebenzisa imisila yazo ye-bioluminescent njengento yokutsala umdla wokuloba iicrustaceans ezincinci okanye isquid, ezithi emva koko zizitye.
Ibala elimnyama lezi zilwanyana ezizingelayo libenza bakwazi ukusebenzisa i-bioluminescence ukuze bazuze, okwenza iincam zomsila we-peliccan eels kunye ne-swallower eels zibukeke njengeebhanoni ezikhanyayo, ezikhangayo ebumnyameni. Xa i<em>pelican eel iye yatsala ixhoba layo kufutshane ngokwaneleyo, umlomo wayo unokunwebeka ngokuphindwe kahlanu ize iyiqwenge into ekujoliswe kuyo ngomnwe nje omnye.
UGhedotti wathi kubalulekile ngelixa sitsala ixhoba ngokukhanya ukuze isilwanyana singabuboni ubukho berhamncwa ngaphaya kwesithiyo. Ukongeza, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo apho i-bioluminescence isetyenziswa phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentlanzi ngaphandle kokuyisebenzisa ukurhweba amaxhoba, kwaye kuninzi lwezo meko, kunenzuzo ngakumbi ukuba i-luminescence yakho ayibonisi ubukho bezinye iindawo zentlanzi. umzimba wakho.
Uphononongo lwapapashwa okokuqala kwijenali Ibhayoloji yokuSingqongileyo yeentlanzi ngoJulayi 18, 2023.
