Ubunzulu obufihliweyo bembali buhlala busimangalisa, butyhila iinkcubeko ezizodwa kunye nempucuko eyayikho ngaphambili. Enye into ebangela umdla ngolo hlobo ukususela emazantsi exesha libali elimangalisayo lebhinqa elinguTocharian. Ivunjululwe kwiindawo ezikude zeTarim Basin, iintsalela zayo kunye neentsomi eziziphetheyo zinika umbono wempucuko elahlekileyo kunye nelifa labo elingaqhelekanga.
I-Tocharian Female - ukufunyanwa okungaqondakaliyo
Imi kumhlaba omagingxigingxi weXinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region kumntla-ntshona weTshayina, iTarim Basin yindawo engathethekiyo yomhlaba owomileyo, obhudlwa yimimoya ebhudla yasentlango. Kulo mhlaba uyinkangala, abembi bezinto zakudala baye bafumana amathambo ebhinqa lempucuko yamaTocharian eyalahleka kudala.
Amathambo omfazi waseTocharian, afunyenwe kumangcwaba eXiaohe, asusela kwiminyaka engama-3,000 eyadlulayo. Ngenxa yokukhuseleka ngendlela ephawulekayo kwindawo ekungcwatywa kuyo, umzimba wakhe wafunyanwa usongelwe ngezikhumba zezilwanyana yaye uhonjiswe ngezacholo ezicokisekileyo namalaphu. Eli bhinqa, ngoku libizwa ngokuba yi "Tocharian Female," linikezela ngeembono ezizodwa kwinkcubeko etyebileyo kunye nezithethe zabantu baseTocharian.
Ezinye izidumbu ezifunyanwe kwiTarim Basin zibuyela emva phaya ngo-1800 BCE. Okumangalisayo kukuba, zonke izidumbu zezidumbu zeTrocharian ezafunyanwa kulo mmandla zigcinwe kakuhle, zisenolusu, iinwele nempahla yazo. Uninzi lwezidumbu zangcwatywa kunye nezinto zakudala ezifana neengobozi ezilukiweyo, amalaphu, izinto ezenziwe ngodongwe, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwanezixhobo.
I-Trocharians yayingabantu baseCaucasian okanye base-Indo-Yurophu ababehlala kwi-Tarim Basin ngexesha leBronze Age. Ukufunyanwa kwezi zidumbu kube negalelo elikhulu ekuqondeni kwethu abemi bamandulo balo mmandla.
I-Tocharian - i-tapestry yenkcubeko
I-Tocharians yayiyimpucuko yamandulo yase-Indo-European ekukholelwa ukuba yafudukela kwi-Tarim Basin ukusuka entshona ngexesha leBronze Age. Phezu kwako nje ukuba ngamakheswa ngokwasemzimbeni, amaTochari avelisa impucuko entsonkothileyo yaye ayengamachule kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukususela kwezolimo ukusa kobugcisa nobugcisa.
Ngohlalutyo olunzulu lweentsalela ze-Tocharian Female kunye ne-artifacts, iingcali ziye zadibanisa izinto zendlela yokuphila yeTocharian. Amalaphu antsonkothileyo kunye nemihombiso efunyenwe engcwabeni lakhe anika ukukhanya kubuchule babo bokuluka obukumgangatho ophezulu kunye nobuchule bobugcisa. Ukongeza, ubungqina bonyango lwamazinyo kwasekuqaleni kunye nezenzo zonyango zibonisa ukuba amaTocharians ayenokuqonda okumangalisayo kwezempilo ngexesha labo.
Ubuhle obungqongqo kunye notshintshiselwano lwenkcubeko
Ukugcinwa okukhethekileyo koMfazi waseTocharian kunika ithuba elikhethekileyo lokufunda iimpawu zomzimba zabantu baseTocharian. Imbonakalo yakhe yaseCaucasus kunye neempawu zobuso ezifana neYurophu ziye zavutha iingxoxo ngemvelaphi kunye neepateni zokufuduka kwempucuko yamandulo. Ubukho babantu baseYurophu kummandla okude empuma ukusuka kwilizwe labo lokuzalwa bucela umngeni kwiingxelo eziqhelekileyo zembali kwaye kukhuthaza ukuphononongwa kwakhona kweendlela zakudala zokufuduka.
Ngaphezu koko, ukufunyanwa kwemibhalo-ngqangi yolwimi lwesiTocharian, isebe elingasekhoyo lentsapho yolwimi lwase-Indo-European, kuye kwavumela iingcali zeelwimi ukuba zifumane ukuqonda ngemeko yolwimi ngelo xesha. Le mibhalo-ngqangi iye yavelisa ukutshintshiselana ngenkcubeko okungaqhelekanga phakathi kwamaTocharians kunye nempucuko engabamelwane, iphinda iphinda iphinda-phinda ulwazi oluninzi kunye nokunxibelelana kwebutho lamandulo.
Nangona uninzi lwababhali-mbali lucebisa ukuba iTrocharians yayilisebe loluntu oluthetha i-Indo-European, kukho. ubungqina obubonisa ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba yayingabantu bamandulo baseCaucasus abafudukela kummandla mhlawumbi besuka kuMntla Merika okanye kuMazantsi eRashiya..
Ukugcina nokwabelana ngelifa
Ukugcinwa okungalindelekanga koMfazi waseTocharian kunye neentsalela zeTocharians zisivumela ukuba sijonge kwimpucuko esele ilityalwe eyakhula phakathi kweTurpan Basin. Kubalulekile ukuxabisa ukubaluleka kokuphononongwa kwezinto zakudala kunye nokugcinwa ngononophelo kwezinto zakudala, njengoko zisinika izitshixo zokuvula iimfihlo zexesha lethu elidlulileyo. Kungophando oluqhubekayo kunye nokufunda apho sinokuthi silondoloze kwaye sabelane ngobutyebi belifa leTocharians, siqinisekisa ukuba amabali abo kunye nezinto abazifezileyo azibekelwa phantsi.
