Ngokwenzululwazi, i-nanotechnology yafunyanwa okokuqala kwiRoma yakudala phantse kwiminyaka eyi-1,700 eyadlulayo kwaye ayisiyiyo enye yeesampulu ezininzi zetekhnoloji yale mihla enxulunyaniswa noluntu lwethu oluntsonkothileyo. Ikomityi eyenziwe ngaxesha lithile phakathi kwama-290 nama-325 bobona bungqina bokuba amasiko amandulo ayesebenzisa itekhnoloji ephezulu kwiminyaka engamawaka eyadlulayo.
I-Nanotechnology mhlawumbi yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zibalulekileyo kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje. Ukuqhuma kwetekhnoloji kuvumele umntu wale mihla ukuba asebenze kunye neenkqubo eziphakathi kwekhulu nelibhiliyoni amaxesha amancinci kunemitha; apho izixhobo zifumana iipropathi ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqala kwe-nanotechnology kubuyela umva kwiminyaka eyi-1,700.
Kodwa buphi ubungqina? Ewe, into eyabhalwa emva phayaa ngexesha loBukhosi baseRoma obabusaziwa njenge “Indebe yeLycurgus”, kubonakala ngathi ibonisa ukuba iingcibi zamandulo zaseRoma zazisazi malunga ne-nanotechnology kwiminyaka eli-1,600 XNUMX eyadlulayo. INdebe yeLycurgus ngumboniso obalaseleyo wetekhnoloji yakudala.
INdebe yeLycurgus ithathwa njengeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwizinto zeglasi eziveliswe ngaphambi kwexesha langoku. Iingcali zikholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba ikomityi eyenziwe phakathi kwe-290 kunye ne-325 bubungqina obucacileyo obubonisa indlela iingcibi zamandulo ezazinobuchule ngayo.
Imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeglasi emincinci ebonakaliswe kwityuwa ibonisa imiboniso yokufa kukaKumkani uLycurgus waseThrace. Nangona iglasi ibonakala kwiliso lenyama ukuba ingumbala oluhlaza ongacacanga xa kubekwe ukukhanya emva kwayo, zibonisa umbala obomvu oguqukayo; Isiphumo esizuzwe ngokuzinziswa kwamasuntswana egolide nesilivere kwiglasi, njengoko kuchaziwe liZiko laseSmithsonian.
Uvavanyo luveze iziphumo ezinomdla
Xa abaphandi base-Bhritane behlola la maqhekeza ngemicroscope, bafumanisa ukuba ububanzi apho amasuntswana esinyithi ancitshiswa kubo babulingana nee-nanometer ezingama-50- lonto ilingana newaka lewaka leenkozo zetyuwa.
Okwangoku kunzima ukufezekisa, nto leyo ibiya kuthetha uphuhliso olukhulu olungaziwa ncam ngelo xesha. Ngapha koko, iingcali zibonisa ukuba "Ngqo umxube" Zamatye axabisekileyo ekwakhiweni kwento leyo abonisa ukuba amaRoma amandulo ayazi kakuhle into ayenzayo. Ukususela ngo-1958 iNdebe yeLycurgus ihlala kwiMyuziyam yaseBrithani.
I-nanotechnology yakudala esebenza ngokwenene
Kodwa isebenza njani? Ewe, xa ukukhanya kubetha iglasi, ii-elektroni ezizezamabala esinyithi zivame ukungcangcazela ngeendlela eziguqula umbala ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yombonisi. Nangona kunjalo, ukongeza nje igolide kunye nesilivere kwiglasi ayivelisi ngokuzenzekelayo ipropathi ekhethekileyo yokubonakalayo. Ukufezekisa oku, inkqubo elawulekileyo nenononophelo iyafuneka kangangokuba iingcali ezininzi ziyala ukuba kungenzeka ukuba amaRoma ayengayivelisa ngengozi, njengoko abanye besitsho.
Ngaphezu koko, owona mxube wesinyithi ucebisa ukuba amaRoma aye aqonda indlela yokusebenzisa ii-nanoparticles. Bafumanise ukuba ukongeza izinyithi ezixabisekileyo kwiglasi etyhidiweyo kunokuyithinta ibomvu kwaye kuvelise ukutshintsha kombala okungaqhelekanga.
Kodwa, ngokutsho kwabaphandi kolu phando "Indebe yeLycurgus -iNanotechnology yaseRoma", bekunzima kakhulu kubuchule bokuhlala. Nangona kunjalo, kwiinkulungwane kamva indebe emangalisayo yayikukhuthazwa kuphando lwangoku lwe-nanoplasmonic.
Gang Logan Liu, injineli kwiYunivesithi yaseIllinois eUrbana-Champaign, uthe: “AmaRoma ayayazi indlela yokwenza nokusebenzisa ii-nanoparticles ukufezekisa ubugcisa obuhle… .. Sifuna ukubona ukuba oku kunganezicelo zesayensi.. "
Indebe yokuqala yenkulungwane yesine ye-AD Lycurgus Cup, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba yathathwa kuphela ngezihlandlo ezikhethekileyo, ibonisa uKumkani uLycurgus owayebanjiswe kwintambo yemidiliya, mhlawumbi ngenxa yezenzo ezimbi ezenziwe kuDionysus - uthixo wewayini waseGrisi. Ukuba abaqambi bayaphumelela ekuphuhliseni isixhobo esitsha sokuchonga kule teknoloji yakudala, iya kuba lithuba likaLycurgus lokwenza umgibe.
