Imbali ihlala inendlela yokusimangalisa ngezinto zayo ezinomdla kwaye ngamanye amaxesha macabre. Enye yezona zinto zingaqondakaliyo kunye ne-macabre embalini ngumbhalo-ngqangi wamandulo wesiLatini owafunyanwa eKazakhstan, oqweqwe lwawo lwenziwe ngesikhumba somntu. Eyona nto inika umdla nangakumbi kukuba liqaqobana nje lamaphepha ayo asele eqotyiwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ke ngoko, lo mbhalo-ngqangi ubungumxholo woqikelelo oluninzi kunye nophando kule minyaka idlulileyo, ukanti uhlala ugutyungelwe yimfihlakalo.
Lo mbhalo-ngqangi, ekucingelwa ukuba wabhalwa ngesiLatin sakudala ngowe-1532 ligqwetha elinguPetrus Puardus elisuka kumantla eItali, unamaphepha angama-330, kodwa ali-10 kuphela kuwo aye aqondwa ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje. Ngokutsho kwe Ingxelo yemihla ngemihla yeSabah, umbhalo wesandla wanikelwa ngumqokeleli wabucala kwiMyuziyam yeRare Publications yeThala leeNcwadi leSizwe lezeMfundo e-Astana, apho iboniswe khona ukususela kwi-2014.
Ngokutsho kukaMöldir Tölepbay, ingcali kwiSebe lezeNzululwazi kwiThala leeMfundo leSizwe, le ncwadi yabotshelelwa kusetyenziswa indlela yokudityaniswa kweencwadi ephelelwe lixesha eyaziwa ngokuba yianthropodermic bookbinding. Le ndlela yasebenzisa ulusu lomntu kwinkqubo yokubopha.
🌷 IKazakhstan ibonisa umbhalo-ngqangi ongaqondakaliyo onesigqubuthelo solusu lomntuhttps://t.co/kqoom5XCI9
- Rapa Nui (@Rapa224) Aprili 4, 2023
Uphando lwenzululwazi oluyimfuneko luye lwenziwa kuqweqwe lombhalo-ngqangi, lufikelela kwisigqibo sokuba ulusu lomntu lwasetyenziswa ekudalweni kwawo. IThala leeNcwadi leSizwe leziFundo lithumele umbhalo-ngqangi kwiziko elikhethekileyo lophando eFransi ukuze lihlalutywe ngakumbi.
Ngaphandle kwamaphepha okuqala afundwayo abonisa umbhalo wesandla onokuthi uqulethe ulwazi oluqhelekileyo malunga nokuthengiselana kwemali njengetyala kunye ne-mortgages, umxholo wencwadi uhlala uyimfihlakalo. IThala leSizwe leZifundo liphethe phantse i-13,000 iimpapasho ezinqabileyo, kuquka iincwadi ezenziwe ngesikhumba senyoka, amatye anqabileyo, ilaphu lesilika, kunye nemisonto yegolide.
Ukuqukumbela, ngenxalenye nje encinci yombhalo oqotyiweyo, kukho imfihlelo eninzi ejikeleze imixholo yombhalo-ngqangi kunye nenjongo yokusebenzisa ulusu lomntu njengeqweqwe. Ukufunyaniswa okunjalo kukhanyisa izenzo zamandulo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweentsalela zabantu kwizinto zakudala zembali. Kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe iinzame zokuqhubeka nokuqondwa kombhalo-ngqangi, njengoko unamandla okutyhila iimbono ezixabisekileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo. Ukubaluleka kobu buchule abunakujongelwa phantsi kwaye busebenza njengobungqina bobutyebi (obungaqhelekanga) belifa lenkcubeko yaseKazakhstan.
