Uninzi lwabantu luye lweva ibali lika-El Dorado, isixeko esizele yigolide elahlekileyo kwindawo ethile kumahlathi ashinyeneyo aseMzantsi Melika. Ngapha koko, uEl Dorado yintsomi esixelela ngeNkosana yaseMuisca eyayiza kuzigquma ngothuli lwegolide phambi kwemisitho ethile yonqulo. Eyona "Isixeko seGolide" yiPaititi.
I-Paititi - iSixeko esilahlekileyo seGolide
Ngamafutshane, amaSpanish ayesemfeni neInca zasePeru phantse iminyaka engamashumi amane kwaye iiInca zaziye zarhoxa zaya eVilcabamba Valley apho zabamba khona abahlaseli de kwangunyaka we-1572. Kwabonakala ngathi iiInca zibalekele kwindawo entsha kumahlathi emvula akumazantsi eBrazil bethatha ubuncwane babo begolide.
Isixeko esitsha asizange sifunyanwe kwaye kwakungekho golide kwaye ekugqibeleni ibali lahliselwa kwisikhundla sentsomi. Kwimbali yamasiko amaInca, bakwakhankanya isixeko, nzulu ehlathini nasempuma yendawo yeAndes yaseCusco enokuba yindawo yokugqibela yokubalekela yeIncan elandela uloyiso lwaseSpain.
Abaphandi abaninzi basweleke bekhangela iPaititi: isiXeko esilahlekileyo seGolide, kwaye uninzi luye lwaqiniseka ukuba isixeko sasifihliwe kwimimandla yokugqibela engafumanekiyo yeAmazon. Uhambo oludumileyo lokufumanisa i-Paititi yayizizinto ezikhuthaze uSir Arthur Conan Doyle ukuba abhale “Ihlabathi Elilahlekileyo.”
Ukukhangela iSixeko esilahlekileyo sasePaititi
Ngo-2001, umembi wezinto zakudala wase-Itali u-Mario Polia wafumanisa ingxelo yomthunywa wevangeli u-Andres Lopez koovimba baseVatican. Kolu xwebhu, oluqala nge-1600, uLopez uchaza ngokweenkcukacha ezinkulu, isixeko esikhulu esityebileyo ngegolide, isilivere kunye namatye anqabileyo, akumbindi wehlathi elishisayo elibizwa ngokuba yiPaititi ngabantu balapho. U-Lopez wazisa uPapa malunga nokufumanisa kwakhe kwaye iVictoria igcine indawo efihlakeleyo kaPaititi amashumi eminyaka.
Ngenxa yokuba ikude le ndawo, kunye neentaba ezixineneyo ekufuneka zihanjisiwe, ayimangalisi into yokuba iPaititi ihlala kunzima ukuyifumana. Okwangoku, ukuthutyeleziswa kweziyobisi, ukugawulwa kwemithi ngokungekho mthethweni kunye nokumbiwa kweoyile kuyayigqitha le nxalenye yePeru, kwaye uninzi lwabaphandi abangena apho bahlala bebulawa. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-2009 iifoto zesathelayithi zommandla ogawulwe amahlathi weBoco do Acre kwingingqi yaseBrazil ziveze ukuba kwakukhe kwakho iindawo ezinkulu zokuhlala kumaxesha amandulo.
Ezi ndawo zokuhlala zinokubonwa ngokucacileyo kwi Umhlaba ka-Google kwaye ndanyanzela ababhali-mbali kunye nabembi bezinto zakudala ukuba baphonononge ukucinga kwabo. Ngoku kubonakala kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba iPaititi ibikhona ngenene kwaye ifihlwe ngaphakathi kuyo yindawo enokubakho yokulahleka kwegolide leInca.
Ngaba iSixeko esilahlekileyo sasePaititi sifunyenwe? Ngaba kuseKimbiri?
Nge-29 kaDisemba ngo-2007, amalungu oluntu lwengingqi kufutshane neKimbiri, ePeru, afumana izakhiwo zamatye ezinkulu ezifana neendonga eziphakamileyo, zigubungela ummandla ongangeemitha ezingama-40,000; Bayibiza ngokuba yinqaba yaseManco Pata. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi abavela kurhulumente wasePeruvia eCusco-based Iziko leSizwe leNkcubeko (INC) Iingxoxo eziphikisanayo ngusodolophu wasekhaya zokuba inokuba yinxalenye yesixeko esilahlekileyo sasePaititi. Ingxelo yabo ichonge izakhiwo zamatye njengelitye lentlabathi elenziwe ngokwendalo. Ngo-2008, umasipala waseKimbiri wagqiba ekubeni ayikhuthaze njengendawo yabakhenkethi.
Ngaba kukho nayiphi na ikhonkco phakathi kweSixeko esilahlekileyo sasePaititi kunye neePiramidi zeParatoari?
Iiphiramidi zeParatoari, okanye ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziiPyramidi zasePantiacolla, sisiza esenziwe ngobume bephiramidi kwindawo kaManu yamahlathi ashinyeneyo akweleenjiko kumazantsi mpuma ePeru. Yachongwa okokuqala ngenombolo yefoto yesathelayithi yeNASA C-S11-32W071-03, yakhululwa ngo-1976. Ezi milo zazibonakala zahlukene macala onke kwaye zimile ngendlela efanayo, kujongeka ngathi luluhlu lweephiramidi ezisibhozo nangaphezulu, kwimiqolo emine emibini.
Emva kweminyaka engama-20 yengxoxo-mpikiswano kunye noqikelelo, ngo-Agasti ka-1996, umhloli wamazwe wase-Boston uGregory Deyermenjian we-The Explorers Club, kunye neqela labo labalingane basePeruvia baba ngabokuqala ukwenza uphononongo kwisiza. Uphando lwabo luchonge iParatoari njengolwakhiwo lwamatye esanti endalo, hayi njengolungelelwaniso ekubekweni okanye ngokulingana ngobukhulu njengoko kucetyisiwe kumfanekiso wabo kwifoto yesathelayithi, kwaye ngaphandle kwempembelelo yenkcubeko yakudala.
Abemi behlathi, abakwaMachiguengas, bathatha ezi "piramidi" njengendawo engcwele enkulu "yeNdala". Banika kule ndawo igama Paratoari. Bathetha ngobukho be-socabones, okanye iitonela, kwezinye zazo, kwaye umntu othile angakhokelela ngqo phambili entabeni. Bakwasebenzisa, kubomi bemihla ngemihla, izinto zexabiso elingenakuthelekiswa nanto, ezibonakala zibonisa ubukho besixeko esibalulekileyo. Isixeko esibalulekileyo! Ngaba isisiXeko esilahlekileyo sePaititi? Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano oluncinci phakathi "kweephiramidi" zeParatoari kunye nesixeko esilahlekileyo seIncan, iPaititi?
Amazwi okugqibela
Kwiinkulungwane ezintlanu ezidlulileyo igolide yatyhalela ukubeka esichengeni ubomi baboyisi. Namhlanje abahloli bamazwe kunye nabakhenkethi baqhubeka nokubeka emngciphekweni hayi igolide kodwa ngenxa yovuyo kunye nozuko lokufumanisa, yayinjalo imeko kaLars Hafksjold, isazi ngemvelaphi yaseNorway esanyamalala ngo-1997 kumanzi oMlambo iMadidi. Ezinye iimfihlakalo ziyasonjululwa kodwa phantsi kwehlathi laseAmazon, kuya kubakho into efihliweyo, elinde abanye babahambi ukuba bayizise ekukhanyeni. Umnyhadala onokutshintsha imbali yo Mzantsi Melika unaphakade.
